乌拉地尔对急性心肌梗死再灌注后无复流的影响

目的 对冠脉内注射小剂量乌拉地尔对防治靶血管开通后的无复流现象的作用进行初步研究.方法 我院收治的急性心肌梗死患者并行急诊介入治疗者共48例随机分为为乌拉地尔组(术中加用乌拉地尔冠脉内注射)和对照组(各24例).比较两组患者的术后心肌灌注分级和无复流的发生率.结果 乌拉地尔组术后梗死相关血管血流Blush分级无复流发生率,显著低于对照组(16.67% vs 29.2%)P＜0.05.结论 冠脉内注射小剂量乌拉地尔对急性心肌梗死直接介入治疗后无复流现象有一定防治作用.     

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术中无复流现象防治研究进展

随着经皮冠状动脉介入治疗方法在临床上得到广泛应用,急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的比例越来越高。但急诊PCI过程中,常常发生无复流现象,严重影响患者的预后。本文就无复流的可能机制和处理作一简要介绍。     

静息态fMRI在无痴呆型血管性认知障碍基线脑活动变化中的初步研究

目的 利用基于低频振幅算法(ALFF)的静息功能磁共振成像(fMRI)技术探讨无痴呆型血管性认知障碍(VCIND)与正常老年人静息状态下默认网络的改变情况.方法 将22例VCIND患者作为研究对象,23名正常老年人作为对照组,采用ALFF分析方法,比较两组平均脑ALFF图的差异.结果 VCIND患者在静息状态下较对照组在以下脑区ALFF值增高:左额下回/左颞上回(Maximum Z=-4.0682)、右额下回/右颞上回(Maximum Z=-3.9720)、左侧岛叶(Maximum Z=-3.5773);VCIND组患者在以下脑区出现ALFF值减低:舌回/小脑后叶(Maximum Z =3.8921)、前扣带皮层(Maximum Z=3.8081)、右楔叶/右舌回(Maximum Z=4.8272)、后扣带回/楔前叶(Maximum Z=3.9741)(P＜0.05).结论 VCIND患者在静息状态下ALFF有显著改变,主要表现为语言中枢等认知区域的局部ALFF增强及默认网络等功能连接点的ALFF减低.     

Effect of intracoronary administration of anisodamine on slow reflow phenomenon following primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Background Many basic and clinical studies have proved that anisodamine can produce significant effect on relieving microvascular spasm, improving and dredging the coronary microcirculation. It may be beneficial to the improvement of slow-reflow phenomenon (SRP) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). So we investigated the effect of intracoronary administration of anisodamine on SRP of infarct related artery (IRA) following primary PCI in patients with ST segment elevated acute myocardial infarction (STEAMI). Methods Twenty-one patients with SRP from a total of 148 STEAMI patients accepted primary PCI were enrolled into this study from September 2004 to December 2005. When SRP happened, nitroglycerin (200 µg) was “bolus” injected firstly into IRA to exclude the spasm of epicardial artery and identify SRP as well as a baseline and self-control agent following PCI. Ten minutes later, 1000 µg of anisodamine was injected into IRA with SRP at 200 µg/s, while the coronary angiography (CAG) was taken before and at 1st, 3rd and 10th minute after administration of nitroglycerin or anisodamine, respectively. The corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC), TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) and the diameter of IRA were calculated and analyzed by Gibson’s TIMI frame count method using quantitative computer angiography (QCA) system to evaluate the influence of anisodamine on coronary flow and vessel lumen. In the meantime the invasive hemodynamic parameters of intracoronary and systemic artery (systolic, diastolic and mean pressure) and electrocardiogram (ECG) were measured and monitored. The changes of ventricular performance parameters and the adverse reaction were evaluated and followed-up at 1 month post-PCI. Results No significant changes in cTFCs and TMPGs were found at 1st, 3rd and 10th minute after intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin as compared with the baseline control (P＞0.05). cTFCs were decreased by 58.3%, 56.2%, and 54.6%, respectively (P<0.001), and TMPGs were increased from 1.13±0.21 grade to 2.03±0.32, 2.65±0.45 and 2.51±0.57 grades (P<0.05) at 1st, 3rd and 10th minute after intracoronary administration of anisodamine as compared with those after intracoronary administration of nitroglycerine, respectively. The average coronary blood flow of TIMI grade was improved from 1.76±0.43 to 2.71±0.46 (P<0.05) while the diameter of middle segment in re-patented coronary artery was slightly increased from (3.20±0.40) mm to (3.40±0.50) mm at the 3rd minute after intracoronary administration of anisodamine (P＞0.05) as compared with those of nitroglycerine control. The systolic, diastolic and mean pressures of intracoronary artery after intracoronary administration of anisodamine increased from 115 to 123, 75 to 84, 88 to 95 mmHg (P<0.05), respectively, along with the rise of heart rate from 68 to 84 beats per minute (P<0.05). There were no significant changes in intervals of PR, QT and QRS (P＞0.05) and no any severe fast arrhythmia after intracoronary administration of anisodamine. The ventricular performance parameters were significantly improved and no major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were found during follow-up at 1 month post-PCI. Conclusions Intracoronary administration of 1000 µg anisodamine is effictive in reversing SRP following PCI in STEAMI patients, especially it is suitable for SRP patients with bradycardia or hypotension.     

糖尿病患者中性粒细胞运动功能及药物对其影响

用改进的Boyden小室对糖尿病患者的中性粒细胞运动功能进行了研究。结果表明10例患者的中性粒细胞运动功能都有不同程度的下降。又用药物来提高已降低的中性粒细胞运动功能,两种药物中有一种获得阳性结果。     

甲状腺髓样癌临床诊疗方案分析

目的:探讨影响甲状腺髓样癌（medullary thyroid carcinoma,MTC）治疗方案制订与转归的关键要素。方法:回顾性分析2007年4月至2020年3月湖南省人民医院乳甲外科收治的23例MTC患者病例资料、典型病例的临床特点及生存随访结果,结合ATA等指南对MTC治疗方案和转归进行分析。结果:23例MT...     

A comprehensive review of intake estimates of di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) based on indirect exposure models and urinary biomonitoring data

Di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) is a high molecular weight general purpose plasticizer used principally in the manufacture of flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) articles. DINP metabolites can be measured in biological media such as blood and urine. However, measurement of a substance in the blood or urine does not by itself mean that the chemical causes or is associated with adverse health outcomes. This is particularly pertinent given the advances in modern analytical techniques whereby ever diminishing trace amounts of substances can be detected. Therefore, it is a scientific necessity that risk assessors understand the relationship of biomonitoring data to estimation of exposure so that appropriate comparisons can be made to the no observed adverse effects levels (NOAELs) or other points of departure from toxicological studies in animals. In this paper, estimates of daily DINP intake are calculated for various population segments based on urinary biomonitoring data and are compared to estimates of exposure based on indirect methods and to health-based exposure guidance values. In general, intake estimates converge on a mean of 1–2 μg/kg/day regardless of source of exposure or population cluster; a value 2-orders of magnitude lower than health-based exposure guidance values, ranging from 120 to 290 μg/kg/day, which have been established by regulatory authorities and other authoritative bodies as representing acceptable levels.     

Perfil lipoproteico avanzado en individuos con metabolismo glucémico normal y alterado

Introduction and objectivesSeveral types of lipoproteins beyond low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are causally related to cardiovascular disease. We aimed to analyze an advanced lipoprotein profile in individuals with normal and impaired glucose metabolism from different cohorts of a Mediterranean region.MethodsCross-sectional study in 929 participants (463 normoglycemia, 250 prediabetes, and 216 type 2 diabetes mellitus) with normal renal function, free from cardiovascular disease, and without lipid-lowering treatment. Conventional and advanced (nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] spectroscopy) lipoprotein profiles were analyzed.ResultsCompared with men, normoglycemic women showed lower serum triglyceride and LDL cholesterol concentrations, lower total LDL particles (P) as well as their subclasses and their cholesterol and triglyceride content, higher high-density lipoproteins (HDL)-P and all HDL-related variables (P  ≤  .05 for all comparisons). Compared with normoglycemic participants, diabetic participants showed higher large and small very LDL-P concentrations (P < .05) and lower total HDL-P and medium HDL-P concentrations (P < .05). Waist circumference and Fatty Liver Index were positively associated with a proatherogenic profile.ConclusionsWomen had a better advanced lipoprotein profile than did men. Adiposity indexes related to insulin-resistance were positively associated with a proatherogenic lipid profile. NMR revealed altered lipoprotein particles other than LDL in participants with diabetes, frequently associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Our findings support the usefulness of extended lipoprotein analysis by NMR spectroscopy to uncover new therapeutic targets to prevent cardiovascular events in at-risk participants.     

Treatment of slow/no-reflow phenomenon with intracoronary nitroprusside injection in primary coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction.

Slow/no-reflow phenomenon is a serious problem complicating primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and is associated with a poor prognosis. From January 2002 to November 2002, 11 of the 70 consecutive patients with ST elevation AMI who were subjected to primary PCI using balloon angioplasty and/or stenting developed slow/no-reflow phenomenon (TIMI 1 flow in 2, TIMI 2 in 8, and TIMI 2.5 in 1). They were 10 men and 1 woman, aged 64 +/- 11 years (range, 46-81). The culprit vessels were six in the left anterior descending coronary artery, three in the right coronary artery, one in the left circumflex coronary artery, and one in saphenous vein graft. Multiple bolus doses (100 microg) of nitroprusside were injected into the index artery through the guiding catheter using a 3 ml syringe until the TIMI flow grade improved by at least one grade or the systolic pressure decline below 80 mm Hg (one patient). The total drug dose varied from 100 to 700 microg. Following the drug treatment, angiographic TIMI flow grade improved by at least one grade in 9 (82%) of the 11 patients (P = 0.007). The TIMI frame counts significantly decreased from 36 +/- 17 frame counts to 16 +/- 11 frame counts (P = 0.012). All patients were discharged without major adverse cardiovascular events. Intracoronary bolus injection of nitroprusside using a 3 ml syringe appears to be a feasible, safe, and effective technique for the management of slow/no-reflow phenomenon complicating primary PCI.