Complete Denture Occlusion: An Evidence‐Based Approach

Purpose : This study involved an extensive search for randomized controlled clinical trials comparing bilateral balanced and canine‐guided dentures, and questioned whether a bilateral balanced occlusion is imperative for successful denture treatment. Materials and Methods : Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, LILACS, and BBD). The keywords “denture” and “occlusion” were used. The minimum inclusion requirements were (1) randomized controlled trials with patients of any age wearing both maxillary and mandibular conventional complete dentures (CDs), (2) comparison between bilateral balanced and canine‐guided dentures, and (3) assessment of masticatory function and/or patients’ satisfaction. Results : The search resulted in the identification of 5166 articles. Subsequently, 5156 articles were excluded on the basis of title and abstract. By the end of the search phase, seven randomized controlled trials were considered eligible. Conclusions : Current scientific evidence suggests that bilateral balanced occlusion is not imperative for successful treatment with conventional CDs in average patients. More studies are necessary to identify if specific clinical conditions may benefit from a balanced occlusion.     

von Langenbeck procedures at 8 months or Wardill at 18 months for primary repair of cleft palate in adult Swedish patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate: A study of facial growth

The purpose of this study was to compare facial growth in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) in whom the palate was repaired with the von Langenbeck procedure at 8 months (L-8), or the Wardill procedure at 18 months (W-18). A total of 151 unaffected subjects were used as a reference series. Sixty-one adult patients, 34 in the L-8 group and 27 in the W-18 group, were investigated clinically and with lateral skull radiography and also filled out a questionnaire about their dental condition. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the effects of the surgical strategy, sex, and the presence of a velopharyngeal flap on several dependent variables indicating sagittal jaw relations, vertical jaw relations, and inclination of incisors. The UCLP group was characterised by a short (n-sp) and retrusive maxilla (s-n-ss) and a retrusive mandible for women (s-n-sm), larger maxillary inclination (NSL/NL), more retroclined lower incisors (IL_I/ML), shorter upper facial heights (n-sp) and normal total face height (n-gn) than the reference group. In the UCLP group there were significant differences between men and women in mandibular prognathism (s-n-sm), maxillary/mandibular relations (ss-n-sm), maxillary inclination (NSL/NL), total anterior facial height (n-gn), and upper anterior facial height (n-sp). Lateral crossbite was found in 20% of the UCLP group. The prevalence was similar in the L-8 and W-18 groups. Almost 80% of the patients in the UCLP group considered that their dental condition was good. The choice of surgical strategy had no significant influence on the variables measured on facial morphology.     

A cross-over randomised clinical trial of eccentric occlusion in complete dentures

The objective of this study is to compare the effects of canine guidance (CG) and bilateral balanced occlusion (BBO) on denture satisfaction and kinesiographic parameters of complete denture wearers, by means of a cross-over trial. Fifty edentulous patients received new maxillary and mandibular complete dentures. After the intra-oral adjustments and adaptation period, 44 participants were enrolled in the trial and randomly received a sequence of occlusal schemes: BBO followed by CG, or CG followed by BBO. Outcomes were assessed after 30 days of each occlusal scheme. Participants answered a denture satisfaction questionnaire and a kinesiograph instrument recorded mandibular physiologic movements and pattern of maxillary denture movement during chewing. Wilcoxon test and paired sample t-test were used to compare satisfaction levels and kinesiographic data for each occlusal scheme, respectively (α=0.05). The results showed no differences between occlusal schemes on participant's satisfaction and in any of the kinesiographic parameters studied, except for the vertical intrusion of the maxillary complete denture during chewing, which was lower with CG. It can be concluded that the occlusal scheme did not influence on satisfaction and kinesiographic parameters evaluated, as long as volume and resilience of residual edentulous ridges of the participants were normal. Clinical Trial Registration Identifier: NC.T01420536.     

葆宫止血颗粒联合去氧孕烯炔雌醇治疗功能失调性子宫出血的疗效观察

目的探讨葆宫止血颗粒联合去氧孕烯炔雌醇治疗功能失调性子宫出血的临床疗效。方法选取2015年3月—2016年1月在郑州大学第五附属医院接受治疗的功能失调性子宫出血患者84例,随机分为对照组(42例)和治疗组(42例)。对照组患者口服去氧孕烯炔雌醇片,据阴道流血量的不同,给予不同的用药量,出血量较多者口服去氧孕烯炔雌醇1片/次,每隔8小时一次;出血量较少者1片/次,每12小时1次;血止后继续服用3 d后,渐减量至1片/次,1次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服葆宫止血颗粒,1袋/次,3次/d。两组患者均治疗3个月经周期。治疗后,观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组子宫内膜厚度、出血控制时间、完全止血时间和性激素水平的变化。结果治疗后,两组的总有效率分别为80.95%、97.62%,两组总有效率比较具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组子宫内膜厚度、出血控制时间、完全止血时间均显著小于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者血清E2、P、FSH和PRL水平显著降低,同组治疗前后差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),且治疗组上述指标改善更明显,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论葆宫止血颗粒联合去氧孕烯炔雌醇治疗功能失调性子宫出血效果显著,可明显改善患者临床症状和性激素水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

金铁锁叶绿体基因组序列及其系统发育分析

目的解析金铁锁叶绿体基因组结构和确定其在石竹科的系统位置。方法基于二代测序技术IlluminaHiseq平台,对金铁锁叶绿体基因组进行测序,使用生物信息学分析软件进行组装和注释,并以苋科植物千穗谷为外类群,通过RAxM L 8.2.11软件构建ML系统发育树,分析石竹科属间的亲缘关系。结果金铁锁叶绿体基因组总长为153977bp。LSC和SSC区被2个反向重复区域IRs隔开,其大小分别为84 385、17 526、26 033 bp。除去重复后,共编码109个基因,包含75个PCGs,30个tR NA和4个rR NA基因。总的CG含量为36.5%,IR区(42.4%)GC含量明显高于LSC(34.2%)和SSC(30.1%)区。在系统进化树中,金铁锁与长萼瞿麦互为姊妹类群,且各节点的支持率较高,能够清晰反映属间的亲缘关系。结论本研究对金铁锁叶绿体基因组结构进行了解析,并探讨了石竹科属间系统发育关系,为金铁锁种质资源综合评价、系统进化等研究提供有效的科学数据。     

改良(牙合)型单颌总义齿咀嚼效能的研究

目的 将改良(牙合)型理念应用于单颌总义齿修复中,并对其咀嚼效能和患者满意程度进行检测.方法 选择12名中重度剩余牙槽嵴吸收的单颌牙列缺失志愿者,制作改良(牙合)型单颌总义齿,戴用至少2个月后,采用多筛法对其咀嚼效能进行检测,利用Rosin-Rammler等式对检测结果进行描述,并与14名正常年轻人的咀嚼效能进行对比分析.采用问卷调查对患者的总体满意度进行调查.结果 Rosin-Rammler等式对于实验组和对照组咀嚼杏仁20次和吞咽前食物颗粒分布具有良好的代表性.采用t检验显示,实验组与对照组咀嚼20次和吞咽前咀嚼效能有高度显著性差异(P＜0.01).问卷调查显示患者总体满意度接近70%.结论 改良(牙合)型单颌总义齿在12名中重度剩余牙槽嵴吸收的单颌牙列缺失患者应用中取得了较好的疗效.     

直肠癌新辅助放化疗临床完全缓解后处理的争议与共识

直肠癌的治疗目标包括病人的长期生存和功能的保留。直肠癌新辅助治疗后约有20%的病人达到病理完全缓解（pCR）,如何利用现有检测手段甄选出真正pCR病人,使临床完全缓解（cCR）与pCR获得最大程度的符合度,提高保肛率或非手术治疗率,最终减少根治性手术创伤和功能损害,是目前研究的焦点。同时,cCR病人后续处理策略的选择,如‌“等待-观察”,还是局部切除或根治性手术,目前尚缺少循证医学证据支持,亦是目前争议热点。直肠癌新辅助放化疗后cCR后处理应遵循目标导向、分层治疗和全程管理原则。建议在拥有丰富直肠癌综合治疗经验的多学科诊疗团队的临床中心开展,严格筛选病例,综合考虑病人的治疗意愿、基线分期、病灶特征选择治疗策略。同时,不断完善cCR 的评估标准和随访策略,及时补救根治性手术,才能保证肿瘤学安全性和良好的功能和预后。     

Molecular Investigation of Canine Parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) Outbreak in Nevis Island: Analysis of the Nearly Complete Genomes of CPV-2 Strains from the Caribbean Region

To date, there is a dearth of information on canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) from the Caribbean region. During August–October 2020, the veterinary clinic on the Caribbean island of Nevis reported 64 household dogs with CPV-2-like clinical signs (hemorrhagic/non-hemorrhagic diarrhea and vomiting), of which 27 animals died. Rectal swabs/fecal samples were obtained from 43 dogs. A total of 39 of the 43 dogs tested positive for CPV-2 antigen and/or DNA, while 4 samples, negative for CPV-2 antigen, were not available for PCR. Among the 21 untested dogs, 15 had CPV-2 positive littermates. Analysis of the complete VP2 sequences of 32 strains identified new CPV-2a (CPV-2a with Ser297Ala in VP2) as the predominant CPV-2 on Nevis Island. Two nonsynonymous mutations, one rare (Asp373Asn) and the other uncommon (Ala262Thr), were observed in a few VP2 sequences. It was intriguing that new CPV-2a was associated with an outbreak of gastroenteritis on Nevis while found at low frequencies in sporadic cases of diarrhea on the neighboring island of St. Kitts. The nearly complete CPV-2 genomes (4 CPV-2 strains from St. Kitts and Nevis (SKN)) were reported for the first time from the Caribbean region. Eleven substitutions were found among the SKN genomes, which included nine synonymous substitutions, five of which have been rarely reported, and the two nonsynonymous substitutions. Phylogenetically, the SKN CPV-2 sequences formed a distinct cluster, with CPV-2b/USA/1998 strains constituting the nearest cluster. Our findings suggested that new CPV-2a is endemic in the region, with the potential to cause severe outbreaks, warranting further studies across the Caribbean Islands. Analysis of the SKN CPV-2 genomes corroborated the hypothesis that recurrent parallel evolution and reversion might play important roles in the evolution of CPV-2.