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91.
根管细菌渗漏体外模型的建立 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:建立检测微细菌培养模型,以用于评价根管充填封闭情况。方法:牙根的冠根两端各连接一细菌培养储室,冠方储室置1mL无菌培养基并接种0.1mL菌液,根方储室起始为无菌培养基。每隔3d将冠方储室中菌液吸出1mL,并注入1mL新鲜BHI培养基,共90d。当根尖储室中培养基发生浑浊即为细菌渗漏发生,记录细菌渗漏发生时的天数。选择18个直根管前牙,其中牙胶充填组6个,用冷牙胶侧方加压充填技术充填;空管组6个,根管只预备不充填;根管密封组6个,根管充填并严密封闭根管口和根尖孔。用设计的模型检测密封状况。结果:全部空管组6个样本在1d内根方储室中出现浑浊;根管密封组6个样本的根方储室在90d内均未发生浑浊。牙胶充填组有2个样本分别在44d和46d发生浑浊。结论:此模型方法简单易行且实用有效,具有一定的临床相关性和可行性。 相似文献
92.
酱油卫生状况模糊评价模型的建立 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目前酱油卫生状况采用单项的评价方法,存在着轻重不分等不科学因素。如食盐超标与大肠菌超标及重金属超标有着极大的差别。为了消除这种差别,根据模糊数学原理、建立M(·+)综合评价模型[1]对宁德地区1989年酱油抽查检验结果进行卫生学评价取得了满意结果,从而为酱油卫生综合评价建立了有效的评价模型。 相似文献
93.
Donald B. White Cynthia A. Walawander Dong Y. Liu Thaddeus H. Grasela 《Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics》1992,20(3):295-313
In a simulation study of inference on population pharmacokinetic parameters, two methods of performing tests of hypotheses comparing two populations using NONMEM were evaluated. These two methods are the test based upon 95% confidence intervals and the likelihood ratio test. Data were simulated according to a monoexponential model and, in that context, power curves for each test were generated for (i)the ratio of mean clearance and (ii)the ratio of the population standard deviations of clearance. To generate the power curves, a range of these parameters was employed; other pharmacokinetic parameters were selected to reflect the variability typically present in a Phase II clinical trial. For tests comparing the means, the confidence interval tests had approximately the same power as the likelihood ratio tests and were consistently more faithful to the nominal level of significance. For comparison of the standard deviations, and when the volume of information available was relatively small, however, the likelihood ratio test was more able to detect differences between the two groups. These results were then compared to results on parameter estimation in order to gain insight into the question of power. As an example, the nonnormality of estimates of the ratio of standard deviations plays an important role in explaining the low power for the confidence interval tests. We conclude that, except for the situation of modeling standard deviations with only sparse information, NONMEM produces tests of significance that are effective at detecting clinically significant differences between two populations.Partial support from the Upjohn Company, NIH-BRSG SO RR 07066, and the Burroughs Wellcome Foundation. 相似文献
94.
95.
影响妇女生育率的直接因素,如妇女已婚比、避孕及人工流产等的定量分析是卫生人口统计分析中的重要内容。本文应用美国人口学者Bongaarts提出的中介生育率变量模型就重庆城乡妇女生育率直接影响因素作一定量研究 相似文献
96.
Laying the Cytotaxonomic Foundations of a New Model Grass, Brachypodium distachyon (L.) Beauv. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Brachypodium distachyon is a ubiquitous, temperate grass species which is being developed and exploited as an alternative model to rice, in order to gain access to important syntenic regions of the genomes of less tractable relatives such as wheat. As part of this initiative, this paper describes for the first time the cytotaxonomy of members of the polyploid series of this species, and challenges the assumption that the series evolved simply by chromosome doubling. In situ hybridization using genomic DNA probes and rDNA markers uncovers a hybrid origin of several of the polyploid ecotypes, and sheds light upon the complex evolution of this species and its close relatives. 相似文献
97.
98.
目的研究经咽旁入路选择性的切除大鼠垂体前叶,以制备大鼠垂体前叶激素缺乏模型如生长激素(GH)缺乏模型。方法经腹侧咽旁入路,运用显微神经外科技术经基蝶骨底选择性地切除垂体前叶。然后采用竞争免疫沉淀法检测大鼠生长激素的含量,术后统计死亡率、成功率。结果切除垂体前叶后大鼠的死亡率为26.7%,成活率为73.3%,全切率为91%;成功制备大鼠模型的GH显著低于假手术组和对照组。结论运用显微外科技术可以成功的选择性的切除大鼠垂体前叶,制备出垂体前叶激素如生长激素缺乏的动物模型。 相似文献
99.
钙池操纵的Ca~(2 )通道(store-operated Ca~(2 ) channels,SOC)是非兴奋细胞Ca~(2 )内流的主要通道之一,参与多种病理和生理过程,在钙信号通路的研究中,SOC的激活机制一直是人们关注的焦点之一,迄今为止,钙内流因子模型(Ca~(2 ) innux factor model,CIF model)和构象耦联模型fconformational coupling model)受到广泛关注.部分学者已经从很多不同类型的细胞中提取出CIF,并证实钙非依赖性的磷脂酶A_2(Ca~(2 )-independent phospholipase A_2,iPLA_2)作为CIF的底物,在某些类型细胞的SOC激活过程中发挥重要作用,并进一步提出了ER- CIF-iPLA_2-CaM-LysoPLs-SOC通路模型.瞬时受体电位(transient receptor potential,TRP)通道蛋白与1.4,5-磷酸肌醇受体(inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor,IP_3R)的结构连接作为构象耦联模型的基础已被广泛证实,随着对IP_3R,Ryanodine受体、肌动蛋白等在钙信号通路中所发挥作用的深入研究,构象耦联模型将得到不断补充和完善.SOC激活机制的破解,将对进一步完善非兴奋细胞的钙通道特性及其调节机制理论带来重大突破. 相似文献
100.
S Gizurarson M Lorentzon T R?munddal F Waagstein L Bergfeldt E Omerovic 《Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology》2007,9(6):411-416
AIMS: Severe sustained bradycardia may cause acute and possibly chronic congestive heart failure (CHF). The aim of this study was to investigate acute and chronic effects of complete heart block (CHB) on cardiac function, morphology, and creatine (Cr) metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS: CHB was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats (approximately 250 g, n = 11) by means of electrocautery applied to the region of AV node and were compared with controls (n = 15). The rats were investigated at 1, 3, and 12 weeks after CHB induction with transthoracic echocardiography. Invasive haemodynamic assessment of left and right ventricular pressures was performed at 12 weeks. After the sacrifice, the hearts were freeze-clamped for analysis of myocardial Cr, and high energy phosphometabolites. The efficacy of operative procedure was 54%. The peri-operative mortality rate was 20%. Heart rate (HR) decreased by approximately 50% (P < 0.01) while stroke volume (SV) increased 2.5 times (P < 0.01) in the CHB rats. Cardiac index remained unchanged. The rats with CHB grew normally and were in no apparent distress. Filling pressures in left and right ventricles were normal. The CHB rats developed marked cardiomegaly with biventricular dilatation and eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy (P < 0.01). There was no change in the myocardial content of Cr and high energy phosphometabolites. CONCLUSION: Rats with CHB are compensating for reduction in HR with increased SV without haemodynamic and biochemical characteristics of CHF. This model may be useful to study the effects of CHB and bradycardia on myocardial structure, function, electrophysiology, and metabolism as well as for studies of cell therapy for reparation of AV conductance. 相似文献