智慧医院背景下医院科研信息管理系统建设探索与实践

介绍医院科研信息管理系统内涵,分析系统建立的必要性,详细阐述系统总体框架构建及功能设计,指出该系统可高效辅助科研决策,提高科研管理水平,推动智慧医院建设.     

The use of STarT back screening tool to predict functional disability outcomes in patients receiving physical therapy for low back pain

BACKGROUND CONTEXT

The STarT Back Screening Tool (SBST) categorizes risk of future disability in patients with low back pain (LBP). Previous studies evaluating the use of SBST in physical therapy (PT) populations do not reflect the ethnic and socioeconomic diversity occurring in clinical practice and lack statistical power to evaluate factors associated with outcomes within each SBST risk category.

4-Fluoramphetamine in the Netherlands: Text-mining and sentiment analysis of internet forums

BackgroundUsers of new psychoactive substances including 4-fluoroamphetamine (4-FA/4-FMP) frequently share their experiences or opinions in online drug forums. We have tested the potential of computerised analysis of drug users’ forum posts for monitoring and early detection of trends. Specifically, we tested whether changes in the volume of 4-FA related posts and sentiments expressed in those posts can be observed around the time 4-FA was increasingly reported by Dutch drug monitoring sources (2012–2017).MethodsOpening posts from two popular Dutch internet-based drug discussion forums, written between January 1 st, 2012 and January 1 st, 2018 were scraped: Portions of the forum posts about 4-FA were collected. To contrast 4-FA findings against other categories of forum posts, we also collected posts on two other substances (ecstasy and cocaine) and posts not related to a specific substance. Sentiments expressed in these posts were inferred using text recognition software, and analysed for trends using linear mixed modelling.ResultsThe number of 4-FA posts increased between 2012 and 2015: 76 posts in 2012, 138 in 2013, 322 in 2014, 323 in 2015, and decreased thereafter: 264 in 2016 and 135 in 2017; X²(5) = 271.8, p < .001. Over time, a decrease in positive sentiment towards 4-FA can be observed starting in 2015, compared to the period before 2015, coinciding with more news searches and reports on adverse events related to 4-FA use. Linear mixed modelling analysis confirmed a significantly higher sentiment score in 2015 compared to 2017 for 4-FA, B = 0.062; SE = 0.023; t(1252) = 2.70; p = 0.007, but not for posts on other substances.ConclusionChanges in the volume and sentiments of forum posts coincided with news media exposure related to 4-FA and with trends observed by established drug monitoring sources. Hence, internet forum monitoring facilitates early discovery of trends in the popularity, prevalence and adverse events related to new psychoactive substances.     

基于数据挖掘的恶性肿瘤含天龙中药处方用药规律分析

目的 基于数据挖掘技术,探讨治疗恶性肿瘤的含天龙中药处方用药规律。 方法 检索中国知网及万方数据库中用于治疗恶性肿瘤的含天龙处方(1985-2018),根据纳入、排除标准,共收集含天龙处方285首,利用中医传承辅助平台软件V2.5构建数据库,使用该软件数据分析模块中嵌入的关联规则Apriori算法等数据挖掘方法,分析含天龙处方中单味药物频次、药物组合频次、关联规则、核心药物组合、主治疾病用药规律等。结果 统计分析显示,治疗恶性肿瘤含天龙处方常用于肺癌、食管癌等,其中高频次药物包括白术、茯苓、黄芪、法半夏、甘草、生米仁、半枝莲、白花蛇舌草、党参等,高频次药物组合包括“白术-天龙”“茯苓-天龙”“黄芪-天龙”等,支持度≥20％,置信度=1的关联规则包括“黄芪 天龙”、“法半夏 天龙”、“白术、茯苓 天龙”等。结论 治疗恶性肿瘤的含天龙处方所用药物以健脾益气扶正为主,适时祛邪为辅,组方用药圆机活法可资参考。     

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay as a point-of-care diagnostic tool for Vibrio parahaemolyticus: recent developments and improvements

Introduction: A number of DNA-based diagnostic tools have been developed for the detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood. However, the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has distinct advantages with regards to its simplicity, speed and the ease of performing without any need for sophisticated equipment. Over the last decade, LAMP has emerged as a potential tool for the detection of V. parahaemolyticus.

Area covered: The literature search was restricted to LAMP assay and its variants for the detection of V. parahaemolyticus. The focus in this review is to enlist the various techniques that have been developed using the principle of the LAMP towards improved simplicity, sensitivity and specificity of the assay.

Expert commentary: LAMP assay and its variants are significantly faster and require minimum accessories compared to other DNA based molecular techniques such as PCR and their types. Despite the availability of several versions, LAMP-based diagnostics is not the first choice for the detection of V. parahaemolyticus in the seafood sector. Our recommendation would be to explore the possibilities of developing cost-effective LAMP kits and implementing these kits as point-of-care diagnostic tools for rapid and sensitive detection of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus.     

基于数据挖掘治疗过敏性紫癜肾炎用药规律探讨

目的:基于数据挖掘技术探讨中药复方治疗过敏性紫癜肾炎的用药规律。方法:以中国方剂数据库为检索库,检索治疗"葡萄疫""紫癜""血尿""尿浊""水肿"的中药方剂,建立中药复方治疗过敏性紫癜肾炎的方剂数据库,并采用Excel、SPSS 20. 0软件进行频数及频率分析、因子分析等,进而对中药复方用药规律进行定量、定性分析并探讨其可能相关机制。结果:中药复方治疗过敏性紫癜肾炎涉及复方449首中药294种高频中药81味,茯苓、甘草、当归、生地黄、黄芩和防风较为常用;在功效方面补气药、理气药、利水消肿药、发散风寒药、补血药选用次数较多。四气以寒、温、平为主;五味以甘、苦、辛为主;以脾经、肺经、心经、肾经、肝经、胃经等6条经脉选用次数较多。最终提取了29个公因子,累积贡献率达100%,其中以补中益气、滋阴补血、利水渗湿为主;通过聚类分析,提取了6个常用得药对或药组。结论:过敏性紫癜肾炎的临床诊疗中,首先应辨明急性活动期和慢性缓解期,急性期以祛风散邪、活血化瘀之法治疗,用发散风寒、利水渗湿、凉血止血功效的中药;慢性期以补益之法,主要用补中益气、滋阴补血功效的中药,并选取相应中药组方治疗。     

教学评价数据库的建立及数据挖掘在课堂教学质量监测中的应用

为充分发挥督导评课信息的作用，哈尔滨医科大学大庆校区利用 SPSS 软件建立了“课堂教学质量SPSS 数据库”，实现了对课堂教学质量评价的信息挖掘，并在教学质量监测工作中取得了良好的应用效果，实现了对课堂教学质量评价数据的全方位、多层次、多角度的分析，为教学管理和有关决策提供了科学的依据。     

Development and Validation of a Model for Predicting Rehabilitation Care Location Among Patients Discharged Home After Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundDemand for joint replacement is increasing, with many patients receiving postsurgical physical therapy (PT) in non-inpatient settings. Clinicians need a reliable tool to guide decisions about the appropriate PT setting for patients discharged home after surgery. We developed and validated a model to predict PT location for patients in our health system discharged home after total knee arthroplasty.MethodsWe analyzed data for patients who completed a preoperative total knee risk assessment in 2017 (model development cohort) or during the first 6 months of 2018 (model validation cohort). The initial total knee risk assessment, to guide rehabilitation disposition, included 28 variables in mobility, social, and environment domains, and on patient demographics and comorbidities. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors that best predict discharge to home health service (HHS) vs home with outpatient PT. Model performance was assessed by standard criteria.ResultsThe development cohort included 259 patients (19%) discharged to HHS and 1129 patients (81%) discharged to home with outpatient PT. The validation cohort included 609 patients, with 91 (15%) discharged to HHS. The final model included age, gender, motivation for outpatient PT, and reliable transportation. Patients without motivation for outpatient PT had the highest probability of discharge to HHS, followed by those without reliable transportation. Model performance was excellent in the development and validation cohort, with c-statistics of 0.91 and 0.86, respectively.ConclusionWe developed and validated a predictive model for total knee arthroplasty PT discharge location. This model includes 4 variables with accurate prediction to guide patient-clinician preoperative decision making.