TACE对原发性肝癌患者的疗效及NLR、PLR的影响研究

目的研究经导管动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)对原发性肝癌患者的疗效及中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞计数比(NLR)、血小板/淋巴细胞计数比(PLR)的影响。方法选择2015年6月～2019年1月我院接诊的原发性肝癌患者80例作为研究对象,采用随机数表法将患者分为两组,每组各40例。对照组予传统肝切除术治疗,观察组采用TACE治疗。对比两组治疗后的临床效果,NLR、PLR、癌胚抗原(CEA)、可溶性B7-H4、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(sIL-2R)及并发症发生情况。结果治疗后,两组患者的总有效率分别为75.00%和52.50%,观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗前,两组患者NLR、PLR水平对比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,患者NLR、PLR水平下降,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗前,两组患者CEA、B7-H4、sIL-2R水平对比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者CEA、B7-H4、sIL-2R水平下降,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者并发症发生率分别为17.50%、40.00%,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在原发性肝癌患者中使用TACE效果显著,可有效改善患者肿瘤标志物水平,减少并发症,值得推广应用。     

Acute liver injury,acute liver failure and acute on chronic liver failure: A clinical spectrum of poisoning due to Gyromitra esculenta

Gyromitra esculenta, also known as “false morel” is one of the most poisonous mushrooms. This species is found all over the world, growing in coniferous forest in early spring time. Common manifestation of poisoning includes gastrointestinal symptoms which include varied degrees of liver impairment.We describe three cases: acute liver injury, acute liver failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure due to G. esculenta poisoning. At admission patients presented with encephalopathy and features of liver failure. Two of them recovered completely following supportive management while the remaining patient who also had preexisting liver disease developed multiorgan failure and subsequently died.Although a rare occurrence, G. esculenta poisoning should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute liver failure.     

The detection and management of complications following the treatment of liver metastases

While once considered as incurable systemic disease, treatment options for liver metastases have increased over the last 30 years and safety has improved dramatically, such that for a selected group of patients the hope of cure can now be offered with radical treatment, and low morbidity interventions can be offered which prolong survival, even in patients with more widely disseminated disease. Advances have been made in selection and surgical technique for liver resection and several adjuncts to resection now exist in the form of portal vein embolization, thermal ablation and targeted drug or radiotherapy delivery options. A natural consequence of these developments has been the delivery of services within fewer specialist units, with the result that later complications of therapy may present to local hospitals, rather than directly to the specialist centres. This article will describe the current common liver-directed therapies and outline the presentation and management of their complications.     

Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI评估功能性肝体积与肝功能Child-Pugh分级的相关性

目的：对比解剖性肝脏体积（ALV）和功能性肝脏体积（FLV）与肝功能Child-Pugh分级的相关性。方法：选择温州医科大学附属第二医院育英儿童医院2014年1月至2019年4月同时行增强CT和Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI扫描的肝硬化患者25例。对所有患者进行肝功能Child-Pugh评分，检测所有入组患者每个肝段的Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI平扫期和肝胆特异期的信号对比增强率（CER），以CT扫描的数据为基础利用MI-3DVS计算每个肝段的ALV和全肝的FLV。分析ALV和FLV与肝功能Child-Pugh分级的相关性。结果：肝功能Child-Pugh分级与ALV呈负相关（r=-0.792，P＜0.001），曲线拟合的决定系数（R2）=0.63；肝功能Child-Pugh分级与FLV亦呈负相关（r=-0.911，P＜0.001），曲线拟合的R2=0.80。FLV与肝功能Child-Pugh分级有更显著的负相关性。结论：结合Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI平扫期和肝胆特异期的信号CER和ALV计算所得的FLV较ALV能更好地反映肝脏的功能状态。     

Pulmonary Carcinosarcoma: A Surveillance,Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Analysis

IntroductionPulmonary carcinosarcoma (PC) is a rare malignant neoplasm composed of epithelial and mesenchymal components. It accounts for < 1% of thoracic cancers and is not fully understood. This study examined Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data to describe demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with PC and assessed survival outcomes by treatment modality and stage.Patients and MethodsSEER data were reviewed to identify patients diagnosed with primary PC (1973-2012). Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were analyzed by univariate/multivariable Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier methods.ResultsA total of 411 patients were included. Median age was 67 (range, 24-96) years. Disease stage at the time of initial diagnosis was known for 74.7% of the identified patients (307/411). Of these patients, 23.1% had localized disease. Survival was significantly better for patients with localized disease (OS: 31 vs. 6 months, P < .001; DSS: 54 vs. 8 months, P < .001). Additionally, patients who received surgery alone had significantly improved OS (20 months; P < .001) and DSS (32 months; P < .001) compared to patients who received combined surgery and radiotherapy (OS: 7 months; DSS: 8 months) or radiotherapy alone (OS: 4 months; DSS: 4 months).ConclusionTreatment with surgery alone resulted in superior survival outcomes compared to other treatment modality combinations, regardless of patient age and disease stage. Within the limitations of this study, providers may wish to consider these findings when devising patient treatment plans.     

平肝定眩汤治疗肝阳上亢型后循环缺血性眩晕60例临床观察

目的:观察平肝定眩汤对肝阳上亢型后循环缺血性眩晕的疗效。方法:选取2017年6月-2018年10月烟台业达医院收治的后循环缺血性眩晕的患者120例,按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组和对照组各60例,两组一般的资料经统计学方法,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。两组均给予改善循环,控制血压、血糖,调节血脂,抗血小板聚集等基础治疗。治疗组给予平肝定眩汤,对照组给予平眩胶囊。两组疗程均为4周,观察两组患者治疗前后总体症状,脑血流速度、血脂、血糖等指标改善情况。采用SPSS 11.0统计学软件进行计算。结果:治疗组总有效率91.7%(55/60),对照组总有效率61.6%(37/60),两组疗效比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组三酰甘油(Triglyceride,TG)、血清总胆固醇(Serum Total Cholesterol,TC)、HDL-C、LDL-C治疗后显著改善,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组TG及TC治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High Density Liptein Cholesterol,HDL-C)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low Density Liptein Cholesterol,LDL-C)治疗前后比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗后TC比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗后空腹血糖(Fasting Plasma Glucose,GLU)明显降低(P<0.05),两组间的治疗后比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组治疗后椎动脉(Vertebral Artery,VA)、基底动脉(Basilarartery,BA)平均血流速度(Mean Blood Flow Velocity,VM)明显提高,与对照组治疗后相比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:平肝定眩汤治疗后循环缺血性眩晕在改善患者症状、降低血液黏稠度,改善脑血流状况方面疗效显著。     

Clinicopathological characteristics and perineural invasion in adenoid cystic carcinoma: a systematic review

IntroductionAdenoid cystic carcinoma is the most frequent malignant tumor of the submandibular gland and the minor salivary glands. It is a malignant neoplasm that, despite its slow growth, shows an unfavorable prognosis.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature on Adenoid cystic carcinoma in the head and neck region and its clinicopathological characteristics, with emphasis on the perineural invasion capacity of the tumor.MethodsA systematic search of articles published between January 2000 and January 2014 was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, Science Direct, and Scopus databases.ResultsNine articles were selected for this systematic review. These demonstrated that the female gender was more often affected and that malignant tumors showed a high rate of distant metastasis, recurrence, and a low survival rate. The presence of perineural invasion ranged from 29.4% to 62.5% and was associated with local tumor recurrence.ConclusionAdenoid cystic carcinoma is commonly characterized by the presence of pain, high rate of recurrence, metastasis, and a low survival rate. Reporting studies with patient follow-up is of utmost importance for a better clinical-pathological understanding and to improve the prognosis of this pathology.     

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident diabetes in subjects who are not obese

Background and aims

It is not known whether non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a risk factor for diabetes in non obese, non centrally-obese subjects. Our aim was to investigate relationships between fatty liver, insulin resistance and a biomarker score for liver fibrosis with incident diabetes at follow up, in subjects who were neither obese nor centrally-obese.