A Long-Term Survival Case of a Primary Malignant Intracerebral Nerve Sheath Tumor

We report a long-term survival case of a primary malignant intracerebral nerve sheath tumor (MINST) occurring in the right frontal lobe of a 13-year old boy. After the gross total resection (GTR), we have performed radiation therapy but it recurred 50 months after the surgery, so the second GTR was performed. Later, second tumor recurrence was found 4 months after the second surgery. Subsequently the third GTR, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were carried out. At present, the patient has been remaining alive for 77 months without evidence of tumor recurrence. According to the previous reports, the primary MINST is very rare : there are only 8 cases reported. It is also a fast-growing, invasive tumor with poor outcome. This is the first case that had no recurrence for 50 months after the surgery among the reported cases that had been followed up for more than 5 years. It is supposed that a period of recurrence free survival after GTR and low mitotic activity are associated with the patient''s prognosis. A GTR followed by adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy will be recommended to patients of MINST.     

Hepatocyte growth factor stimulates root growth during the development of mouse molar teeth

Sakuraba H, Fujiwara N, Sasaki‐Oikawa A, Sakano M, Tabata Y, Otsu K, Ishizeki K, Harada H. Hepatocyte growth factor stimulates root growth during the development of mouse molar teeth. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 81–88. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: It is well known that tooth root formation is initiated by the development of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath (HERS). However, relatively little is known about the regulatory mechanisms involved in root development. As hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is one of the mediators of epithelial–mesenchymal interactions in rodent tooth, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of HGF on the root development of mouse molars. Material and Methods: The HERS of mouse molars and HERS01a, a cell line originated from HERS, were used in this study. For detection of HGF receptors in vivo and in vitro, we used immunochemical procedures. Root development was assessed by implanting molar tooth germs along with HGF‐soaked beads into kidney capsules, by counting cell numbers in HERS01a cell cultures and by performing a 5′‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay in an organ‐culture system. Results: HGF receptors were expressed in the enamel epithelium of molar germs as well as in HERS cells. HGF stimulated root development in the transplanted tooth germs, the proliferation of HERS01a cells in culture and HERS elongation in the organ‐culture system. Examination using BrdU revealed that cell proliferation in HERS was increased by treatment with HGF, especially that in the outer layer of HERS. This effect was down‐regulated when antibody against HGF receptor was present in the culture medium. Conclusion: Our results raise the possibility that HGF signaling controls root formation via the development of HERS. This study is the first to show that HGF is one of the stimulators of root development.     

Pre-chiasmatic transection of the optic nerve can save contralateral vision in patients with optic nerve sheath meningioms

Objectives

With respect to its characteristic pattern of growth from the orbit into the intracranial space toward the chiasm, patients with optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSM) are threatened to loose function of both optic nerves. Fortunately, in less than 5% both optic nerves are involved initially. Hence, prevention of vision of the contralateral eye is the foremost aim of any therapy. Performing pre-chiasmatic transection might offer a further treatment option to avoid further tumor growth toward the chiasm.

Patients and methods

In this retrospective study 12 patients with ONSM and blindness of the affected eye were included. The surgical approach was performed either from pterional intradural or as a combined approach from pterional extra- and intradural.

Results

Without any exceptions, vision of the contralateral eye could be preserved and did not show any deterioration after surgery or during the follow-up time of 50.6 months. Furthermore in 58.3% of patients gross total tumor resection could be achieved. During follow up observation in 67% of patients no further tumor progress or recurrences could be observed. 4 patients, however, showed delayed tumor progress or recurrences that were treated by radiotherapy.

Conclusion

Pre-chiasmatic transection of the optic nerve might offer a surgical treatment option to control tumor growth and to preserve vision of the contralateral eye.     

格林-巴利综合征患者血清中髓鞘脂自身抗体水平的测定

应用免疫学方法检测了格林－巴利综合征（ＧＢＳ）病人和正常对照组各３０例的血清中髓鞘脂自身抗体含量，并进行了动态观察。结果显示，ＧＢＳ病人血清中髓鞘脂自身抗体水平明显高于正常对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＧＢＳ患者髓鞘脂自身抗体出现的阳性率为２０％。动态观察发现，ＧＢＳ患者血清中髓鞘脂自身抗体水平的下降与临床症状的改善相一致。     

An unusual case of neurothekeoma of the arm in an adult

Neurothekeomas are uncommon benign neoplasms with a peripheral nerve sheath origin. This tumor usually involves dermis and is described as a small, solitary, slow growing and reddish to flesh-colored nodule or papule. Neurothekeoma preferentially affects the central aspect of the face, the arms or shoulders of women in the second and third decades of life. This is the first case report of neurothekeoma involving the wrist developing from synovial tissue and with uncertain clinical behavior in an adult female. The tumor was completely excised under brachial plexus block. Histopathologically, the examination of the microscopic slides revealed the presence of a 20-mm diameter, well-circumscribed and multilobulated tumor composed of abundant myxoid stroma with cellular elements; with immunohistochemistry there was positivity to vimentin but S100-protein, epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin AE1-3, CD99 and CD34 were all negative. This pattern suggested a myxoid tumor form of neurothekeoma, mixed subtype. The patient had an atypical local recurrence and was re-operated after 3 months. After 12 months there was no evidence of clinical recurrences confirmed by magnetic resonance evaluation. Basically, our case report adds an important element in the correct clinical management of neurotecheomas: faced with a histological diagnosis with an unusual localization and mixed or hypercellular type, clinicians must consider the possibility of an early local recurrence, suggesting a close clinical and radiological follow-up.     

双侧腹横肌平面阻滞复合双侧腹直肌鞘阻滞在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

目的观察双侧腹横肌平面复合双侧腹直肌鞘阻滞在腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者中的镇痛效果及安全性。方法选择2015年5~9月拟在全麻下行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的患者90例,男35例,女55例,年龄19~79岁,BMI 18~30kg/m~2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。将患者随机分为双侧腹横肌平面阻滞复合双侧腹直肌鞘阻滞组(TR组)、腹横肌平面阻滞组(T组)和静脉镇痛泵镇痛组(P组),每组30例。麻醉诱导前,TR组在超声引导下双侧腹横肌平面分别注射0.22%甲磺酸罗哌卡因20ml,双侧腹直肌后鞘分别注射0.22%甲磺酸罗哌卡因10ml;T组在超声引导下双侧腹横肌平面分别注射0.22%甲磺酸罗哌卡因20ml,双侧腹直肌后鞘分别注射生理盐水10 ml;P组在超声引导下双侧腹横肌平面分别注射生理盐水20ml,双侧腹直肌后鞘分别注射生理盐水10 ml,P组术后使用PCIA(配方:舒芬太尼50μg+生理盐水50ml)。记录三组患者入室后5min(T_1)、腹腔穿刺导入器置入前2min(T_2)和和置入后2min(T_3)的SBP、DBP、HR、SpO_2,术中瑞芬太尼及丙泊酚的用量,术后2、6、12、24h患者腹腔穿刺孔静态和动态视觉模拟疼痛(VAS)评分,同时评价术后镇痛满意度,记录不良反应的发生情况。结果与T组和P组比较,TR组患者在腹腔穿刺导入器穿刺前后血压波动较小(P0.05);术后2、6、12hTR组剑突下穿刺孔的静态和动态VAS评分明显低于T组和P组(P0.05);术后2、6hTR组脐穿刺孔的静态VAS评分和术后2、6、12hTR组脐穿刺孔的动态VAS评分明显低于T组和P组,术后12hTR组脐穿刺孔的静态VAS评分明显低于P组(P0.05);术后2、6、12hTR组右侧肋缘下穿刺孔的静态和动态VAS评分明显低于P组(P0.05),术后24h三组患者的VAS评分差异无统计学意义,TR组术后镇痛满意度明显高于T组和P组(P0.05)。结论双侧腹横肌平面复合双侧腹直肌鞘阻滞应用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者有助于术中循环稳定,术后镇痛效果好,具有安全性。     

肺门恶性外周神经鞘瘤的CT及MR影像表现1例

患者,女,41岁.于3个月前出现持续性干咳,夜间咳嗽较重,口服消炎止痛药不能缓解.全身骨显像未见明显骨转移征象.