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21.
Janet K. Freburger Dongmei Li Erin P. Fraher 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(1):26-34.e5
Objectives
To determine whether receipt of therapy and number and timing of therapy visits decreased hospital readmission risk in stroke survivors discharged home.Design
Retrospective cohort analysis of Medicare claims (2010–2013).Setting
Acute care hospital and community.Participants
Patients hospitalized for stroke who were discharged home and survived the first 30 days (N=23,413; mean age ± SD, 77.6±7.5y).Interventions
Physical and occupational therapist use in the home and/or outpatient setting in the first 30 days after discharge (any use, number of visits, and days to first visit).Main Outcome Measures
Hospital readmission 30 to 60 days after discharge. Covariates included demographic characteristics, proxy variables for functional status, hospitalization characteristics, comorbidities, and prior health care use. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relation between therapist use and readmission.Results
During the first 30 days after discharge, 31% of patients saw a therapist in the home, 11% saw a therapist in an outpatient setting, and 59% did not see a therapist. Relative to patients who had no therapist contact, those who saw an outpatient therapist were less likely to be readmitted to the hospital (odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.59–0.90). Although the point estimates did not reach statistical significance, there was some suggestion that the greater the number of therapist visits in the home and the sooner the visits started, the lower the risk of hospital readmission.Conclusions
After controlling for observable demographic-, clinical-, and health-related differences, we found that individuals who received outpatient therapy in the first 30 days after discharge home after stroke were less likely to be readmitted to the hospital in the subsequent 30 days, relative to those who received no therapy. 相似文献22.
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Zane Dodd Simon Driver Ann Marie Warren Shelley Riggs Mike Clark 《Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation》2015,21(2):156-165
Background:
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause psychological consequences that negatively affect quality of life. It is increasingly recognized that factors such as resilience and social support may produce a buffering effect and are associated with improved health outcomes. However the influence of adult attachment style on an individual’s ability to utilize social support after SCI has not been examined.Objective:
The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between adult romantic attachment perceived social support depression and resilience in individuals with SCI. In addition we evaluated potential mediating effects of social support and adult attachment on resilience and depression.Methods:
Participants included 106 adults with SCI undergoing inpatient rehabilitation. Individuals completed measures of adult attachment (avoidance and anxiety) social support resilience and depression. Path analysis was performed to assess for presence of mediation effects.Results:
When accounting for the smaller sample size support was found for the model (comparative fit index = .927 chi square = 7.86 P = .01 β = -0.25 standard error [SE] = -2.93 P < .05). The mediating effect of social support on the association between attachment avoidance and resilience was the only hypothesized mediating effect found to be significant (β = -0.25 SE = -2.93 P < .05).Conclusion:
Results suggest that individuals with SCI with higher levels of attachment avoidance have lower perceived social support which relates to lower perceived resilience. Assessing attachment patterns during inpatient rehabilitation may allow therapists to intervene to provide greater support. 相似文献26.
Inpatient glycaemic control remains an important issue due to the increasing number of patients with diabetes admitted to hospital. Morbidity and mortality in hospital are associated with poor glucose control, and cost of hospitalization is higher compared to non‐diabetes patients. Guidelines for inpatient glycaemic control in the non‐critical care setting have been published. Current recommendations include basal‐bolus insulin therapy, regular glucose monitoring, as well as enhancing healthcare provider's role and knowledge. In spite of growing focus, implementation in practice is limited, mainly due to increasing workload burden on staff and fear of hypoglycaemia. Advances in healthcare technology may contribute to an improvement of inpatient diabetes care. Integration of glucose measurements with healthcare records and computerized glycaemic control protocols are currently being used in some institutions. Recent interests in continuous glucose monitoring have led to studies assessing its utilization in inpatients. Automation of glucose monitoring and insulin delivery may provide a safe and efficacious tool for hospital staff to manage inpatient hyperglycaemia, whilst reducing staff workload. This review summarizes the evidence on current approaches to managing inpatient glycaemic control; its utility and limitations. We conclude by discussing the evidence from feasibility studies to date, on the potential use of closed loop in the non‐critical care setting and its implication for future studies. 相似文献
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Rob Solway Linda Thompson Helen J. Chatterjee 《International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, The》2013,15(4):201-214
Emerging evidence indicates that museum object handling sessions offer short-term benefits to healthcare participants. This study aimed to further understand psychological and social aspects of object handling in mental health inpatients. Older adults (N = 42) from a psychiatric inpatient ward with diagnoses of depression or anxiety took part in a series of object handling group sessions with 5–12 participants per group. Session audio recordings were subjected to thematic analysis. Five main themes were identified: ‘responding to object focused questions’, ‘learning about objects and from each other’, ‘enjoyment, enrichment through touch and privilege’, ‘memories, personal associations and identity’ and ‘imagination and storytelling’. The first four were congruent with literature associated with positive wellbeing and engagement outcomes but the fifth was a new finding for group contexts. Limitations include the relatively small sample and variable week-to-week group attendance. Audio recordings did not provide information on non-verbal communication and how objects were handled. Future studies should control for attendance and examine effects of multiple sessions over time, ideally with video recording. This study offers preliminary support for museum object handling as a group intervention in mental health care with potential to develop therapeutic aspects of the sessions. Findings indicate that object handling is a novel yet effective intervention with potential for conferring additional advantages by conducting sessions in group settings. 相似文献
29.
Summary. Inpatient costs comprise >50% of annual healthcare costs for haemophilia patients with inhibitors but no reports exist on inpatient resource use and costs at a US national level. To quantify inpatient resource use and costs for on‐demand treatment of bleeds of US haemophilia patients with inhibitors and compare costs and treatment duration between Factor VIII bypassing agents (BAs). Stays with haemophilia A from 2003–2008 were identified from inpatient billing records. Presence of inhibitors was inferred through use of BA; recombinant activated Factor VII and plasma‐derived activated prothrombin complex concentrate. Duration and number of infusions of BA, length of stay, use of opioid‐containing analgesics and costs were assessed and compared. Among 1322 stays mean BA treatment duration was 4.6 days with 4.9 infusions, 6.1 nights spent in hospital, and 58% administered opioid‐containing analgesics. In unadjusted analyses there were significant differences in the above mentioned outcomes by BA use, reflecting underlying differences between the two patient populations. Average inpatient costs were $82 911. In adjusted analyses, African‐American race, greater disease severity, hospital region outside the southern US and older age (cost model only) were significant predictors of longer BA treatment duration and higher costs. The economic burden of inpatient on‐demand treatment of haemophilia with inhibitors is substantial and is associated with lengthy stays, high costs and inadequate pain relief. Availability of more effective BAs could reduce the need for re‐treatment, reducing treatment costs and other medical costs, while improving health related quality of life. 相似文献
30.
Anneli Pitkänen Hanna-Mari Alanen Olli Kampman Esa Leinonen 《Nordic journal of psychiatry》2013,67(7):521-525
AbstractBackground: Dementia is associated with progressive deterioration in multiple cognitive domains, functional impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS).Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with the outcome of NPS and daily functioning in patients with dementia during acute psychogeriatric hospitalization.Materials and method: The data (n?=?175) were collected between 2009 and 2013 in naturalistic settings on one acute psychogeriatric ward at one university hospital in Finland. Behavioural symptoms were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and activities of daily living using the Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study–Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL).Results: During the hospital stay (45 days ±30.4) NPI total score decreased from 33.9 to 18.2 (p?<?.001). Daily functioning score decreased from 31.7 to 20.9 (p?<?.001). The number of patients taking antipsychotics (96–130, p?=?.004) and anxiolytics (54–102, p?<?.001) increased from admission to discharge. Overall mean dosage (mg/day) of antipsychotics (from 40.2 to 72.0 in chlorpromazine equivalents, p?<?.00) and anxiolytics (from 3.43 to 7.47 in diazepam equivalents, p?<?.001) also increased. Higher antipsychotic dosage at discharge was a significant predictor for large NPI score change (p?=?.002) indicating better symptom reduction. Neither higher antipsychotic dosage or anxiolytic dosage at discharge were significant predictors for ADL score change.Conclusions: Neuropsychiatric symptoms improved while deterioration was found in daily functioning from admission to discharge. Higher antipsychotic dosage at discharge was a predictor for larger NPI score change indicating better symptom reduction. Preventing threatening ADL decline during hospital stay is especially important. 相似文献