Acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting with limping in a young adult

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is one of the rare malignancies in adult. We report a 29‐year‐old man presented with progressive limping followed a chronic back pain. Imaging showed reduced vertebral body height and diffuse lytic skeletal infiltration. Bone marrow aspiration confirmed B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, and the patient was treated with chemotherapy.     

浅探五音补泻

五行音乐调式属性特点各具风格,主治及代表曲目各不相同.然五音调式的应用尚无统一标准,五音补泻是五行音乐发挥疗效的关键,如何应用五音进行补泻对五行音乐临床运用具有重要意义.文章在“五音疗疾”理论基础上,探讨了脏腑虚实、情绪状态、体质因素对五音疗效的影响,分析了五音的脏腑补泻、情志补泻及体质补泻,提出了五音不同调式乐曲对五...     

影响纯音听阈测定的因素和对策

目的了解影响纯音听阈测定的因素,尽可能地减少或消除可变因素的影响,提高听闽测定结果的准确性.方法通过了解影响纯音听阈测定的多种因素并加以注意,掌握正确的测听方法.结果纯音听阈测定的准确性会更高.     

畸变产物耳声发射在职业性听力损伤的应用

目的分析畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)和纯音测听的关系,探讨DPOAE在职业性听力损伤的检测和诊断中的应用价值.方法对16例耳科正常人(对照组)和39例噪声环境工作者(实验组)进行纯音测听和DPOAE检测.其中实验组依纯音听力图的类型细分为听阈正常组,6kHz、4kHz、3kHz听力损失各组和2～0.5kHz听力损失组,比较各实验组和对照组的纯音听阈和DPOAE幅值.结果实验组中的纯音听阈正常组和对照组各频率听阈值比较,无显著差异(P＞0.05);不同的听力损失组在各自相应的频点均有显著下降(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).纯音听阈正常组和各听力损失组的DPOAE幅值在F1～F8八个频点均明显下降,与对照组比较,差异均有显著意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).6kHz听力损失组DPOAE幅值在F7、F8频点下降最明显,4kHz听力损失组在F6、F7和F8三个频点DPOAE下降最为显著,3kHz听力损失组与4kHz听力损失组比较无明显变化,0.5～2kHz听力损失组则在F1～F8各频点DPOAE幅值下降均特别显著.结论DPOAE技术用于监测、评估和诊断职业性听力损失,具有独特的临床应用价值.     

Investigating functional changes in the brain to intermittently induced auditory illusions and its relevance to chronic tinnitus

Several studies have demonstrated the neural correlates of chronic tinnitus. However, we still do not understand what happens in the acute phase. Past studies have established Zwicker tone (ZT) illusions as a good human model for acute tinnitus. ZT illusions are perceived following the presentation of a notched noise stimulus, that is, broadband noise with a narrow band‐stop filter (notch). In the current study, we compared the neural correlates of the reliable perception of a ZT illusion to that which is not. We observed changes in evoked and total theta power in wide‐spread regions of the brain particularly in the temporal‐parietal junction, pregenual anterior cingulate cortex/ventromedial prefrontal cortex (pgACC/vmPFC), parahippocampus during perception of the ZT illusion. Furthermore, we observe that increased theta power significantly predicts a gradual positive change in the intensity of the ZT illusion. Such changes may suggest a malfunction of the sensory gating system that enables habituation to redundant stimuli and suppresses hyperactivity. It could also suggest a successful retrieval of the memory of the missing frequencies, resulting in their conscious perception indicating the role of higher‐order processing in the mechanism of action of ZT illusions. To establish a more concrete relationship between ZT illusion and chronic tinnitus, future longitudinal studies following up a much larger sample of participants who reliably perceive a ZT illusion to see if they develop tinnitus at a later stage is essential. This could inform us if the ZT illusion may be a precursor to chronic tinnitus.     

Attenuation of Intrinsic Active Tone by Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide in Aortae of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats with Different Levels of Blood Pressure

The influences of endothelium on the basal tone of aortae from various strains of spontaneously hypertensive rats with different blood pressure (SHR, SHRSP, MSHRSP) were studied. Endothelium-intact preparations of aortac from spontaneously hypertensive rats exhibited spontaneous active tone, which was greater in the order of SHR < SHRSP < M-SHRSP. The active tone of the MSHRSP preparations was about 40% of high-K⁺-induced contraction, while that of normotensive WKY was less than 5%. The active tone was enhanced by the removal of endothelium. The active tone was sensitive to extracellular Ca²⁺ and abolished by verapamil. The application of N^G-monomethyl-L-arginine caused the increase in the active tone which was counteracted by L-arginine. These results indicate that the active tone of smooth muscle increases as the blood pressure of the rat increases, and that endothelium attenuates the active tone by releasing nitric oxide (NO) spontaneously. It was also demonstrated that the attenuating action of endothelium was impaired depending on the blood pressure level.     

Neurophysiology of hearing in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type IV

Background

Hearing impairment is a common problem in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis IV (MPS IV) throughout their life. Many of the adult patients with MPS IV exhibit permanent or severe hearing loss. However, there has been no systematic review of detailed audiological test results in MPS IV.

湖南省阿片类物质滥用的流行病学调查Ⅱ滥用者使用模式和人口学特征

目的:了解湖南省6地区阿片类物质滥用的类型、方式、首次滥用年龄、原因和滥用者的人口学特征。方法:采用整群抽样,入户调查与线索调查相结合的方法,对在68192名15岁~50岁社区普通居民中筛查出的370例阿片类物质滥用者的毒品滥用模式进行调查,并分析滥用者的人口学特征。结果:约95%的阿片类滥用者吸食海洛因,有少量滥用者用度冷丁和美沙酮;烫吸是首选滥用方式(81.4%),注射吸毒居第二位(38.6%);首次用药平均年龄是27±6岁,90.2%的首次用药年龄小于35岁;受他人影响(75.1%)、好奇心驱使(72.7%)和追求刺激(56.5%)是阿片类物质滥用者首次用药的三大原因;滥用者中男性(87.3%)、35岁以下者(71.1%)居多,78.7%为初中或以下者,无稳定婚姻关系和无固定职业者药物滥用率明显高于稳定婚姻关系和有固定职业者。结论:海洛因是湖南阿片类物质滥用的主要类型,使用途径以烫吸和注射为主,青中年男性、受教育程度较低者、无业/失业等非固定职业者、未婚或非稳定婚姻者是阿片类物质滥用的高危人群,应加强对高危人群的毒品滥用健康教育,有效防治毒品滥用的蔓延。