血凝酶在子宫切除术中的止血作用

目的 :探讨血凝酶在子宫切除术中的止血效果。方法 :子宫切除手术病人 6 0例 ,随机分为血凝酶组与对照组 ,每组 30例。血凝酶组术前 30min血凝酶 1单位静脉滴注 (静滴 ) ,术中 2单位静滴 ,术后 2d每日 1单位静滴 ,对照组未用任何止血药物。给药前、给药后d 7观察凝血酶原时间 (PT)及活化部分凝血活酶时间 (APTT) ,同时观察手术时间和术中出血量。结果 :血凝酶组同对照组比较 ,手术时间明显缩短 [(77±s 2 1)minvs (97± 2 8)min],术中出血量明显减少 [(16 4± 4 5 )mLvs (2 30± 5 1)mL],均P <0 .0 1。血凝酶组手术前后PT ,APTT无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,同对照组比较差异无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :血凝酶在腹式子宫切除术中止血效果显著 ,安全性好。     

腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除阴侧理想手术路径探讨

目的:探讨腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术中阴侧路径解剖关系及阴侧理想手术路径对临床的适用性、可行性和指导性.方法:对我院47例行腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果:本组47例中46例手术成功,分离前后穹窿时宜注射经稀释的垂体后叶素能有效止血,术中发现距离宫颈及峡部2～3 mm远断离缝扎主韧带及骶韧带后,即可显露子宫动脉的下行支及伴随静脉;断离缝扎后,向下牵拉子宫,沿血管内侧向上断离又发现子宫动脉上行支及(或)分支,子宫动脉上行支或其分支与其下行动脉直径十分相似,且动静脉可为1～2支;术中未发现断离子宫动脉主干.宫颈一侧钳夹为4～5次.无输尿管损伤.结论:腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫切除术阴侧的理想手术路径是:前后方路径沿宫颈、峡部表面疏松组织分离;侧方路径为骶、主韧带及子宫动脉上下行支及伴随静脉作为路径外侧的手术引导标志,宫颈、峡部、宫体外侧作为路径内侧的引导标志;注意辨别子宫动脉上行支是否有分支及伴随静脉.     

Surgical and Oncologic Outcomes of Radical Abdominal Trachelectomy Versus Hysterectomy for Stage IA2-IB1 Cervical Cancer

Study Objective: To compare the surgical and oncologic outcomes between abdominal radical trachelectomy (ART) and radical hysterectomy (RH) for stage IA2-IB1 cervical cancer.Design: A retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).Setting: Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong, China.Patients: Three hundred twenty-nine patients with IA2-IB1 cervical cancer.Interventions: All patients underwent ART or RH.Measurements and Main Results: All patients were divided into ART (n?=?143) and RH (n?=?186) groups according to the surgical approach. Additionally, oncologic and fertility outcomes were compared for different tumor pathologies and sizes in ART patients. The ART group had similar case characteristics as the RH group, except that the ART group had a longer surgical time. During a similar follow-up period, there were 4 (2.9%) recurrences and 3 (2.2%) patients who died from recurrence in the ART group compared with 8 (4.6%) recurrences and 4 (2.3%) patients who died from recurrence in the RH group (p?=?.444 and p?=?.999, respectively). In the ART group, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients had a 5-year overall survival and pregnancy rate similar to those of non-SCC patients (98.1% vs 96.8%, p?=?.999; 33.3% vs 26.7%, p?=?.873), and patients with tumors ≤2 cm and 2 to 4 cm experienced a similar 5-year overall survival rate (97.0% vs 98.6%, p?=?.999), except patients with tumors ≤2 cm had a higher pregnancy rate (45.2% vs 17.2%, p?=?.020).Conclusion: ART seems to have similar surgical and oncologic outcomes to RH, except ART has a longer surgical time. Both non-SCC patients and stage IA2-IB1 patients with 2- to 4-cm tumors can undergo ART safely. Patients with tumors ≤2 cm have a higher pregnancy rate than patients with 2- to 4-cm tumors.     

子宫颈癌手术治疗质量控制标准中国专家共识之QM-C1型广泛性子宫切除篇#br#

广泛性子宫切除术（radical hysterectomy,RH）历经100多年的历史证明了其在早期子宫颈癌治疗中具有确切的疗效,与其他所有手术术式的演变过程一样,经历了漫长的从简单到复杂、从粗犷到精细的不断改良过程,具体表现在切除范围和术式的演变,实际上这种转变同样也体现了术者对肿瘤属性的认识过程。     

Spontaneous reduction of transvaginal small bowel evisceration after abdominal hysterectomy for cervical cancer: A case report

Rationale:Transvaginal evisceration of the small bowel is an extremely rare condition after hysterectomy, which requires urgent surgical intervention to prevent serious bowel morbidity and mortality.Patient concerns:A 65-year-old woman presented with sudden-onset severe abdominal pain and a mass protruding through the vagina. The past surgical history was significant, with an abdominal hysterectomy for cervical cancer performed 11 weeks prior to presentation.Diagnosis:Pelvic examination revealed prolapsed small-bowel loops (18-20 cm in length). Pelvic computed tomography scan confirmed the presence of transvaginal evisceration of the small bowel.Interventions:Bowel reduction and urgent laparotomy were the selected treatment approaches for a detailed inspection and thorough washing of the intrα-abdominal cavity. A Foley catheter was inserted in the emergency room, with the subject in the lithotomy position. The prolapsed bowel loops spontaneously reduced without manual reduction, and the vault defect was repaired transvaginally.Outcomes:The patient experienced no postoperative complications and remained disease-free for 9months postoperatively.Lessons:Transvaginal evisceration of the small bowel should be considered a surgical emergency. A multidisciplinary approach to prompt case management involving clinicians in gynecology, general surgery, and emergency medicine is vital for preventing serious consequences. Hysterectomy is the most frequently performed gynecological surgical procedure, and evisceration occurs most often after hysterectomy. Therefore, patients should be informed about this rare but possible hysterectomy complication.     

不同麻醉深度对快速外科康复腹腔镜全子宫切除术患者应激反应的影响

目的 探讨不同麻醉深度对快速外科康复(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)妇科腹腔镜全子宫切除术患者应激反应的影响。方法 选取择期行腹腔镜全子宫切除术患者60例,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,BMI 20～28 kg/m²,采用随机数字表法分为两组：浅麻醉组(L组,n=30)和深麻醉组(D组,n=30)。L组维持听觉诱发电位指数(A-line ARX-index,AAI)在30～40,D组维持AAI值在20～29。记录苏醒时间、拔管时间、麻醉后监测治疗室(postanesthesia care unit,PACU)停留时间、术后不良反应,术后首次下床活动时间、肛门排气时间、恢复饮食时间、住院时间;记录手术结束(T₁)、术后4 h(T₂)、术后24 h(T₃)、术后72 h(T₄)疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)。于麻醉诱导前(T₀)、T₁、T₂、T     

Chronic ovarian torsion after vaginal hysterectomy: a case with metastatic serous ovarian cancer

Ovarian torsion refers to partial or complete rotation of the ovary on its ligamentous support, often resulting in partial or complete obstruction of its blood supply. It is one of the most common gynecologic surgical emergencies and may affect females of all ages, but it is relatively rare in postmenopausal women. Chronic adnexal torsion with complete occlusion of the ovarian blood supply results in necrosis and loss of ovarian function. Clinical symptoms and signs are not specific and definitive diagnosis is often challenging. In this case report, we present a 65-year-old woman with chronic ovarian torsion that was detected 7 years after vaginal hysterectomy. Approximately 3% of postmenopausal cases with adnexal torsion are associated with malignancy. Ovarian torsion incidence is low in postmenopausal ovarian cancer due to the progression of accompanying inflammation, which causes immobility of the ovarian mass.     

快速康复护理在腹腔镜下全子宫切除中的应用

目的探讨在腹腔镜下全子宫切除术中应用快速康复护理措施对患者围手术期指标和患者并发症的影响。方法将在本院行腹腔镜下全子宫切除术的70例患者随机分为两组,各35例,对照组35例给予常规护理,观察组35例给予快速康复护理,对比两组围手术期相关指标、手术前后VAS评分、并发症发生情况以及患者护理满意度。结果观察组胃肠蠕动时间[(9.32±1.67)h]、肛门排气时间[(4.67±1.37)h]、下床活动时间[(6.69±1.24)h]、术后进食时间[(6.21±0.55)h]和住院时间[(4.25±1.20)d]均显著短于对照组的[(12.87±2.08)h]、[(7.28±1.13)h]、[(9.75±3.29)h][(9.33±0.61)h]、[(7.25±1.38)d],P<0.05;观察组术后1 d和术后3 d的VAS评分分别为(4.01±1.28)分、(1.23±0.35)分,显著低于对照组的(6.80±1.32)分、(2.62±0.41)分,P<0.05;观察组和对照组术后并发症发生率(2.86%vs 17.14%)和患者护理满意度(97.14%vs.80.00%)比较,观察组均显著优于对照组P<0.05。结论对于行腹腔镜下全子宫切除术的患者,给予快速康复护理模式可促进患者早期康复,减少术后疼痛程度,降低术后并发症发生率。     

腹式全子宫切除患者的护理

目的探讨腹式全子宫切除患者的护理需求及对策。方法采用自评表与谈话相结合,随机调查腹式子宫切除术的患者146例,了解他们的护理需求,并根据需求制订护理对策。结果95％病人担心术后影响性生活及女性特征占所有问题第一位。结论按患者的需求实施护理对策比普通护理更有效果。     

Conservative management of cervical cancer: Current status and obstetrical implications

Recent advances in screening and early diagnosis have decreased cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates in high-resource settings. The postponement of childbearing, combined with an increased number of cervical cancer survivors, has yielded new paradigms in patient care. In recent years, radical surgery has been challenged as the standard of care for early-stage cervical cancer owing to its significant morbidity and fertility impairment. Attention has been directed to assessing more conservative procedures that can reduce treatment-induced morbidity without compromising oncologic safety and reproductive potential of patients with early-stage disease. In those with more advanced disease, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by conservative surgery has also been considered. These conservative treatment modalities including cervical conization, simple trachelectomy, and simple hysterectomy have been studied in various settings. In this chapter, we discuss the role of conservative surgery in the management of cervical cancer and the resulting obstetrical outcomes.