Global topological dominance in the left hemisphere

A series of experiments with right-handers demonstrated that the left hemisphere (LH) is reliably and consistently superior to the right hemisphere (RH) for global topological perception. These experiments generalized the topological account of lateralization to different kinds of topological properties (including holes, inside/outside relation, and “presence vs. absence”) in comparison with a broad spectrum of geometric properties, including orientation, distance, size, mirror-symmetry, parallelism, collinearity, etc. The stimuli and paradigms used were also designed to prevent subjects from using various nontopological properties in performing the tasks of topological discrimination. Furthermore, task factors commonly considered in the study of hemispheric asymmetry, such as response latency vs. accuracy, vertical vs. horizontal presentation, detection vs. recognition, and simultaneous vs. sequential judgment, were manipulated to not be confounding factors. Moreover, left-handed subjects were tested and showed the right lateralization of topological perception, in the opposite direction of lateralization compared with right-handers. In addition, the functional magnetic resonance imaging measure revealed that only a region in the left temporal gyrus was consistently more activated across subjects in the task of topological discrimination, consistent with the behavioral results. In summary, the global topological dominance in the LH is well supported by the converging evidence from the variety of paradigms and techniques, and it suggests a unified solution to the current major controversies on visual lateralization.     

自体血液回收机储血罐结构与性能分析

研究了2种不同储血罐负压稳定性、过滤材料的显微孔结构及组成,应用负压平衡试验,光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜照片观察和红外光谱分析等方法,详细分析对比了两种储血罐对回收血液质量的影响程度,为临床在血液回收过程中选择合适的储血罐提供依据。     

改良导尿管在尿道成形术患儿中的应用

目的 探讨改良导尿管对小儿尿道成形术后引流尿液,缓解患儿排尿疼痛,减少术后并发症的作用.方法 将120例尿道成形术后患儿随机均分为两组.对照组按常规方法,在新成形尿道内置一管径8～10F的多侧孔短硅胶支架管.观察组则应用8～12F改良导尿管引流尿液,即在导尿管中、下段剪多个侧孔,持续导尿10 d左右后将改良导尿管中段多侧孔段下移至新建尿道处作为短支架管,指导患儿自控排尿.结果 观察组术后排尿疼痛评分显著低于对照组,术后并发症发生率显著低于对照组(均P＜0.01);两组术后尿培养均为阴性,无尿路逆行感染.结论 应用改良导尿管引流尿液能有效缓解小儿尿道成形术后排尿疼痛,减少手术并发症.     

PE/CB复合材料的辐照效应

研究了两种炭黑(CB)对PE的影响及PTC功能材料挤出后的特性，发现挤出后粒子和聚合物取向对材料电性能都有较大影响。经γ射线辐照后HDPE／CB功能复合材料稳定性大为提高，初步探讨了辐射对PTC功能材料稳定性的影响。结合辐射交联等方法提高材料的稳定性。用扫描电镜(SEM)观测了一系列PE／CB的形态、CB的分布、链段的分子运动，并结合Fisher的toy model对PE／CB机制做了较系统的解释。     

Asymmetries in the spatial distributions of enhancing lesions and black holes in relapsing-remitting MS

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most important paraclinical test in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and for delineating its natural history. We investigate MRIs from a longitudinal study of 24 relapsing-remitting MS patients who had monthly MRI examinations for one year, and were not receiving active MS therapy during this period. We hypothesized that lesions occur randomly throughout the brain, and that patients are homogeneous with regard to spatial patterns of lesion presentation. We recorded the numbers and locations of enhancing lesions and hypointense lesions (black holes) in all scans, and found asymmetrical patterns of lesions about the mid-transaxial, mid-coronal, and mid-sagittal planes. Furthermore, in distinct subsets of patients, enhancing lesions and black holes tend to occur in the same locations. Clustering in lesion locations may be of functional significance, with consequent therapeutic implications.     

Macular electroretinograms to flicker and pattern stimulation in lamellar macular holes

Steady-state macular (9° × 9°) electroretinograms in response to either sinusoidal flicker (focal electroretinogram) or counterphased sinusoidal gratings (pattern electroretinogram) were recorded in 14 patients with inner lamellar macular holes, in 4 patients with full-thickness macular holes and in 14 age-matched controls. Fourier analysis of focal and pattern electroretinograms yielded three main components: a first and a second harmonic to flicker, and a second harmonic to pattern. Recent evidence indicates that the first harmonic to flicker is of receptoral origin, whereas the flicker and pattern second harmonics represent, at least in part, the activity of different generators in the inner retina. When compared to controls, patients with inner lamellar holes showed significant amplitude reduction and phase delay for both flicker and pattern second harmonics, but not for the flicker first harmonic. Patients with full-thickness holes showed significant amplitude reduction also for the flicker first harmonic. These results indicate a prevalent functional involvement of the inner retina in lamellar macular holes, which can be clinically detected by evaluating focal and pattern electroretinogram second harmonics.Abbreviations ILH inner lamellar hole - OLH outer lamellar hole     

不同方法治疗高血压脑出血的临床效果比较

目的:研究高血压脑出血的最佳手术治疗方法.方法:回顾性分析本院采取三种不同术式治疗高血压脑出血患者的临床效果.结果:接受颅骨钻孔抽吸引流术患者术后GCS 评分显著优于接受大骨瓣开颅清除术患者,P＜0.05.结论:手术方式的选择应本着微创结合患者特征与术式适应症的原则进行.     

Myopic macular hole-associated retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy

PurposeThe objective of this study was to report the clinical characteristics and surgical results of patients suffering from retinal detachment, which was induced by a myopic macular hole and complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy, but without previous vitreoretinal surgery.MethodsInterventional case series of 22 eyes in 20 patients with excessive myopia and macular hole-associated retinal detachment complicated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy were scrutinized retrospectively. All eyes had undergone par plana vitrectomy, including peeling of the epiretinal membrane, internal limiting membrane around the macular hole, and silicone oil or perfluoropropane (C₃F₈) retinal tamponade. An encircling buckle was also inserted in some of the eyes. Eyes with previous vitreoretinal surgery were excluded from this review.ResultsThe average age of patients was 68.3 ± 7.17 years, average duration of symptoms prior to seeing an ophthalmologist 8.36 ± 4.14 months, and average axial length 30.01 ± 1.81 mm. Nine of the 20 patients had bilateral retinal detachment. The average number of operations performed was 1.36 ± 0.58. The success rate of the initial surgery was 63.3%, which improved to 90.9% in subsequent procedures.ConclusionA macular hole with proliferative vitreoretinopathy is associated with retinal detachment for a long duration. Retinal reattachment and improved visual acuity could be achieved in most eyes after a surgical intervention.     

两孔法电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸的疗效分析

目的研究并探讨两孔法电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸的临床疗效。方法选取该院在2008年1月—2012年1月收治的80例自发性气胸患者,将这些患者作为研究对象。使用全麻双腔插管,在腋中线的第3或4肋间切口,选择合理的观察孔和操作孔,观察肺叶,找出肺大泡,再把它从操作孔拉出,在其基底处切除肺大泡。结果所有采用两孔法电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸患者在随访4～6个月内痊愈率超过90%,仅有2例气胸复发,经过第二次胸腔镜手术后治愈。结论两孔法电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸效果显著,其具有操作简便,复发率很低,创口小,费用较低等优势确保了临床推广率。