Penile epithelioid sarcoma and the case for a histopathological diagnosis in Peyronie's disease

OBJECTIVES: To devise a set of clinical criteria that would identify which penile abnormality could be malignant and warrant biopsy, between Peyronie's disease (a pathological fibrosis involving the tunica albuginea of the penis) and epithelioid sarcoma (ES) of the penis (a rare malignant condition which can resemble Peyronie's disease in clinical presentation). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The pathology reports and histological slides of men with Peyronie's disease who underwent penile biopsy were reviewed for ES. The medical charts of suspicious cases were then reviewed by a pathologist, unaware of the origin, for consistencies in signs, symptoms and clinical findings. These consistencies were then to be used to develop criteria for biopsy. Thirty-two men underwent penile biopsy from 1992 to 2001. RESULTS: Because there were no actual cases of ES, a specific set of criteria for ES could not be established. A review of previously published cases was then used for comparison with the present patients. CONCLUSIONS: Many of the previously reported cases included signs and symptoms of urethral narrowing or compression, causing lower urinary tract symptoms. In addition, the penile nodule size was reported to progressively enlarge over time. Because of the high prevalence of Peyronie's disease and low prevalence of ES, biopsy of every penile nodule is not judicious. However, signs and symptoms of urethral obstruction, and a progressively growing and persistently painful nodule should suggest a possible malignancy and warrant biopsy.     

Pathological findings in coronary arteries associated with sudden death in Austria

Summary 50 witnessed sudden cardiac deaths in the age group between 20–50 years have been studied at autopsy. The most remarkable findings were a high percentage of stenosis and arterioisclerosis of the descending branch of the left coronary artery and a large amount of three vessel disease. It is clear that severe stenosis and sclerosis of the coronary arteries are not essentially related to sudden cardiac death, but a high number of vessels with moderate stenoses and sclerosis has been found.The severity of vessel disease has been evaluated by a coronary score, which takes the haemodynamic effects of the injured coronary arteries on the myocardium into account. We also noted that patients below 35 years of age who died of sudden cardiac death showed a very low coronary score.     

ECoG、EEG、fMRI及SEEG在MRI阴性癫痫患者外科手术中的应用

目的 探讨皮层脑电图（ECoG）、脑电图（EEG）、功能磁共振成像（fMRI）及立体定向脑电图（SEEG）在磁共振成像（MRI）阴性的癫痫患者外科手术的应用。方法 选取2016年1月—2019年12月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院经MRI检查为阴性的癫痫患者246例,均对其行EEG、fMRI以定位致病灶。对致病灶定位明确者行手术切除治疗,另术中根据情况再次行ECoG或SEEG检查,术后再行fMRI、EEG检查。结果 EEG检查致病灶明确率为79.27%（195/246）,fMRI检查致病灶明确率为79.67%（196/246）,两者致病灶明确率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;经EEG与fMRI检查均未见明显异常放电者有50例;ECoG与SEEG检查致病灶明确率分别为100.00%（26/26）和100.00%（24/24）,两者检查致病灶明确率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 EEG、fMRI、SEEG、ECoG检查在MRI阴性癫痫患者的致痫灶定位及手术切除指导中具有较好的应用价值,可精确定位并有效指引手术治疗。     

Incidental Findings in Radiographic Imaging for Inpatients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background

Incidental findings on radiographic diagnostic imaging are a growing concern in the medical field. Little is known about the incidence and spectrum of incidental findings uncovered during stroke evaluations.

早期胃癌超声内镜诊断与病理组织学间的关系

目的利用超声内镜(EUS)检查与早期胃癌病理组织学相关性的研究,评估EUS对早期胃癌诊断的价值。方法收集胃镜诊断34例早期胃癌患者行EUS检查,给予手术切除,结果与组织病理相对应。结果 34例患者中,EUS检查与病理组织结果分期基本一致。同时EUS发现隆起性病变多为分化型腺癌,占100%,淋巴结转移率为7.1%;凹陷性病变多为未分化型腺癌,占86.9%,淋巴结转移率为30.0%。结论 EUS检查隆起性胃癌多为分化型腺癌,早期不易发生淋巴结转移,手术后预后好;凹陷性胃癌多为未分化型腺癌,早期易发生淋巴结转移,预后差。     

胆石性肠梗阻的X线及CT表现

目的探讨胆石性肠梗阻的X线及CT表现。方法回顾分析6例经手术证实的胆石性肠梗阻患者的临床及影像资料,6例均有胆结石病史,1例曾行胆囊切除胆肠吻合术,1例曾行ERCP壶腹切开取石术。结果 6例患者在X线平片及CT上均见肠管扩张及液平面、胆道系统内积气,2例在X线平片上见肠管影内高密度结石,6例在CT平扫上见肠管内结石,4例位于空肠,2例位于回肠,结石大小2.5cm×3.0cm～3.8cm×4.5cm。CT发现胆肠瘘1例。结论胆石性肠梗阻有典型X线及CT表现,CT可更准确诊断胆石性肠梗阻。     

实时组织弹性成像在评估肝纤维化程度中的诊断价值

目的探讨实时组织弹性成像在评估肝纤维化程度中的诊断价值。方法选择我院住院收治的慢性肝炎患者156例,另选择同期健康体检者60例为对照组。行实时组织弹性成像检查和肝穿刺活体组织检查,分析实时组织弹性成像检测结果与肝组织纤维化程度及炎症程度的关系。结果肝纤维化弹性成像评分在肝炎各组及肝纤维化组不同病理分期的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。经Spearman等级相关分析显示,肝纤维实时组织弹性成像评分与病理学分期密切相关,呈正相关（r=0.846,P〈0.01）。实时弹性成像诊断肝纤维化的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为94.5%、80.9%和90.4%。结论 RTE诊断肝纤维化具有较高的临床价值,是一项具有广阔应用前景的新的无创性诊断方法。     

Evaluation on blood coagulation and C-reactive protein level among children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia by different chest imaging findings

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection may induce a systemic hypercoagulable abnormality, like organ embolism and infarction. Indexes of blood coagulation and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been reported different between healthy people and mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) patients, but this difference in MPP patients with different chest imaging findings has rarely been reported.We performed a retrospective study of 101 children with MPP and 119 controls, combined with radiological examination and blood tests, to compare the blood coagulation and CRP level among MPP children with different chest imaging findings.For the MPP children with different chest imaging findings, there were significant differences in CRP, fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer (D-D) levels among subgroups (P = .004, P = .008 and P < .001 respectively). The CRP level in group of interstitial pneumonia was significantly higher than that in groups of bronchopneumonia and hilar shadow thickening (P = .003 and P = .001 respectively). And the FIB and D-D values in group of lung consolidation were significantly higher than that in the other 3 groups (all P < .05). When compared with controls, the white blood cell, CRP, FIB, and D-D levels in MPP children were significantly higher, and the activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time levels were significantly lower (all P < .05).Our results showed that CRP level changed most significantly in group of interstitial pneumonia, whereas FIB, D-D levels changed most significantly in the lung consolidation group.