痛刺激后大鼠三叉神经尾侧亚核星形细胞和神经元相互关系的电镜观察

目的：观察大鼠上唇皮下注射福尔马林后，三叉神经尾侧亚核（Sp5C)内反应性星形细胞和神经元之间相互关系的超微结构。方法：用DAB染色的抗胶质原纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、抗connexin43(Cx43）和金颗粒标记抗Cx32双标记免疫电镜方法。结果：电镜下观察到Sp5C内反应性星形细胞和神经元之间存在4种联系结构：第一种是突触样结构；第二种是三种成分的突触复合体，第三种是缝隙连接；第四种是由Cx32和Cx43构成的异源性缝隙连接（HGJ）。HGJ表现为两侧膜增厚，Cx43阳性物质和Cx32阳性金颗粒分别位于星形细胞和神经元一侧，痛刺激后HGJ数明明显增加。结论：神经元和星形细胞之间有多种信息通道，HGJ可能是一种快速，适应性信息通道。Sp5C星形细胞可能通过HGJ调节神经元的活动，共同参与中枢神经系统对刺激反应的调节。     

阴离子间隙在新生儿窒息程度及近期预后预测中的应用研究

目的探讨AG值在判断新生儿窒息程度和近期预后中的作用。方法将142例足月窒息新生儿依据Apgar评分进行分组,比较不同窒息程度与AG值的关系,以及不同AG值与第14、28dNBNA评分的关系。结果轻度与重度窒息组AG值差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）,高AG值组与正常AG值组在第14、28dNBNA评分差异均有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论AG值可作为判断新生儿窒息程度和近期预后的重要指标。     

多裂肌间隙入路手术治疗腰椎手术失败综合征

目的探讨利用自行研制的一套腰椎微创手术器械,以多裂肌肌间隙入路直视下微创经椎间孔腰椎椎体融合术在腰椎翻修手术中的临床疗效。方法选择我院2010年11月至2011年11月收治的腰椎手术失败综合征行直视下微创腰椎翻修手术的患者12例进行回顾性分析,其中腰椎间盘突出症行单纯性椎板开窗减压髓核摘除术后6例,腰椎间盘突出伴腰椎不稳、腰椎滑脱行后路腰椎椎体融合术后4例,腰椎管狭窄后路椎板开窗减压术后2例;术前已进行一次手术的9例,二次手术的2例,三次手术的1例。本组共融合17节段,L4～54例,L5S13例,L4～5和L5S1双节段2例,L3～4和L4～5双节段3例;通过影像学资料和末次随访的临床表现进行改良Macnab标准疗效评定。结果所有病例均获得随访,随访时间6～18个月,平均(13±3.9)个月;依据改良Macnab标准进行疗效评定,12例中,优9例,良3例,可0例,差0例,优良率100%(12/12)。结论多裂肌肌间隙入路治疗腰椎手术失败综合征,降低了手术风险,减少了术后并发症。     

急性切口痛对大鼠脊髓背角缝隙连接蛋白Cx43表达的影响

目的观察急性切口痛对大鼠脊髓背角缝隙连接蛋白Connexin43（Cx43）表达的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠80只,随机分为
对照组和急性切口痛模型组,切口痛模型组所有大鼠于左后爪作一纵形切口制备切口痛模型,于术前和术后1、2、4、6、24 h时采
用von frey 细丝法测定大鼠左后足机械回缩阈值的改变。于术前和术后2 h、4 h取大鼠左侧脊髓背角组织,分别采用Western
blot 法和免疫荧光标记法检测脊髓背角Cx43蛋白表达的变化。结果急性切口痛组大鼠50%机械性回缩阈值在术后24 h内显
著降低,并于2 h, 4 h 最为显著,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）;Western blot 结果显示,急性切口痛组脊髓背角
Cx43的表达于术后2 h和4 h明显升高,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;免疫荧光结果显示,急性切口痛组脊髓背角
Cx43的免疫荧光强度于术后2、4、24 h明显升高,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论急性切口痛能够引起脊髓
背角缝隙连接蛋白Cx43的表达明显升高,缝隙连接蛋白Cx43可能参与急性切口痛的产生。
     

全膝关节置换术中切除后交叉韧带和松解内侧副韧带浅层对关节间隙的影响

目的：比较全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)中切除后交叉韧带和松解内侧副韧带浅层对膝关节间隙的影响。方法2013年4月-2014年5月因膝关节重度骨关节炎致膝内翻畸形在我院行单膝关节置换患者83例,随机分为A组和B组。术中进行软组织平衡过程中,A组顺序使用切除后交叉韧带和松解内侧副韧带浅层两种方法,B组仅使用松解内侧副韧带浅层一种方法。使用关节间隙测量器分别在上述处理前后测量关节在伸膝(0°)和屈膝(90°)时的内、外侧间隙大小及上述处理后的张开幅度。结果 A组中,经过上述两种方法处理后伸膝间隙差异均无统计学意义,屈膝位内、外侧间隙均显著增大,其中切除后交叉韧带使屈曲内、外侧间隙分别由(15.55±0.42) mm和(19.58±0.53) mm增大至(16.88±0.53) mm和(20.60±0.63)mm (t=5.514、2.985,P=0.000、0.011)。上述方法对内、外侧间隙的影响差异无统计学意义。B组中,松解内侧副韧带浅层后,伸直和屈曲位的关节内侧间隙分别由(18.67±0.54) mm和(15.62±0.68) mm增加至(19.53±0.53) mm和(16.50±0.70) mm (t=3.180、3.705,P=0.007、0.002),且对屈曲间隙和伸直间隙的影响无明显差异。A、B组对比,两种方法联合使用(A组)时屈膝内、外侧间隙张开幅度明显大于单独使用松解内侧副韧带浅层(B组)(t=3.949、5.687,P=0.002、0.000),而伸膝间隙的张开幅度并无显著差异。切断后叉的基础上再行松解内侧副韧带浅层(A组)对比单独松解内侧副韧带浅层(B组),前者的屈膝间隙张开幅度明显大于后者(t=2.880、3.088,P=0.012、0.007),伸膝间隙的张开幅度差异不明显。结论在膝关节置换术中,切除后交叉韧带主要影响屈、伸膝间隙平衡。松解内侧副韧带浅层主要影响内、外侧间隙平衡。在术中可根据不同情况单独或联合使用上述技术。     

医院与社区卫生服务模式的探索与实现

研究利用当代信息网络技术,探索实现医院与所辖社区卫生服务模式,为社区居民到上级医院就诊提供惠民的“绿色通道”.分析了社区卫生服务模式现状,详细介绍了医院与所辖社区卫生服务模式的实现,包括关键技术实现和系统功能,阐述了医院与所辖社区卫生服务模式取得的成效,并对下一步工作进行了展望.     

侧间隙入路用于三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术的体会

目的:探讨经侧间隙入路行三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）的可行性.方法:回顾分析46例患者经侧间隙入路行三孔法LC的临床资料.术者用左手钳向右外侧牵拉胆囊,右手电凝钩上抬肝脏,自胆囊床左侧切开胆囊浆膜,在张力下游离,充分暴露Calot三角,自左侧进入胆囊颈管内侧胆...     

Chemoprevention of liver cancer by plant polyphenols

Primary liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent tumors representing the fifth commonest malignancy worldwide and the third cause of mortality from cancer. Currently, the treatments for HCC are not so effective and new strategies are needed for its fight. Chemoprevention, the use of natural or synthetic chemical agents to reverse, suppress or prevent carcinogenesis is considered an important way for confronting HCC. Many of the chemopreventive agents are phytochemicals, namely non-nutritive plant chemicals with protective or disease preventive properties. In this review, we focus on plant polyphenols, one of the most important classes of phytochemicals, their chemopreventive properties against HCC and discuss the molecular mechanisms accounting for this activity.     

Hearing results of surgery for tympanosclerosis

Between January 1990 and December 2003, 117 patients were surgically treated for tympanosclerosis at a tertiary referral center. The objective of our study was to review the hearing results in this cohort. The patients were divided into three groups: predominant involvement of tympanic membrane (33 cases), predominant fixation of malleus or/and incus (72 cases), and stapedial fixation (12 cases). Preoperative and postoperative air–bone gap (ABG), and pure tone average (PTA) were compared after short-term and long-term follow-up, and statistical significance was determined. After surgery, air–bone gap was improved by 11.7 dB after short-term, and by 10.9 dB after long-term observation period. The improvement of ABG was not significantly different between the groups. Pure tone average (PTA) was improved by 15.2 dB in short-term period, with decrease of results in the long-term follow-up to 10.3 dB. Successful hearing result as judged by ABG was obtained in 66.7% with affected tympanic membrane, in 65.3% with malleus or/and incus fixation, and in 50.0% with stapedial fixation. Statistical analysis confirmed significant improvement of hearing for all groups. Highly significant difference was noted for low frequency ABG (0.5, 1, and 2 kHz). Hearing improvement on ABG was preserved after long-term observation. No significant sensorineural hearing loss was seen in this series. Surgery for tympanosclerosis results in significant improvement of ABG and PTA. Most of the improvement is obtained in lower frequencies. Long-term results are comparable to short-term results, with slight hearing deterioration in stapedial fixation.     

Evolution of left-sided thoracoscopic approach for long gap esophageal atresia repair

BackgroundLeft-sided repair for long gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) has been described for patients with a large leftward upper pouch, no thoracic tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) nor tracheobronchomalacia (TBM), or as salvage plan after prior failed right-sided repair. We describe our experience with left-sided MIS traction induced growth process.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent Foker process for LGEA at two institutions between December 2016 and November 2021. Patient characteristics, surgical techniques, and outcomes were reviewed.Results71 patients underwent Foker process. Of 34 MIS cases, 28 patients (82%) underwent left-sided repair (median gap length 5 cm) at median age 4 months with median 3 (range 2–8) operations and median 13.5 (IQR 11–21) days on traction until esophageal anastomosis. 9 patients (32%) underwent completely MIS approach, whereas 5 patients (18%) converted to open at first operation and 14 patients (50%) converted to open later in the traction process. Traction was internal in 68%, external in 11%, and combination in 21%. Median follow-up was 15.4 (IQR 7.5–31.7) months after anastomosis. 14% had anastomotic leak managed with antibiotics and/or esophageal vacuum therapy. Median number of esophageal dilations was 3.5 (range 0–13). 18% required stricture resection. 39% underwent Nissen fundoplication. None have needed esophageal replacement.ConclusionsFor multiple reasons including the tendency of both esophageal pouches to have a leftward bias, less tracheal compression by upper pouch, and clean field of surgery for reoperative cases, we now more commonly use left-sided approach for MIS LGEA repair compared to right side, regardless of left aortic arch.Level of evidenceLevel IV Treatment Study.