食管-空肠、食管-结肠端端吻合的临床应用

回顾性分析67例空肠、结肠代食管消化道重建治疗食管胃双源癌、胃大部切除术后食管癌、残胃癌及胃体贲门癌的临床资料,总结食管-空肠、食管-结肠端端吻合方法,操作技巧及优点.全组无手术死亡,吻合口瘘3例,2例治愈,1例自动出院.胸腔感染1例,切口感染2例,一过性心律失常8例.吻合口无张力,术后消化道造影示吻合口通畅,无残端盲袋.     

食管胃端端吻合在食管胃交界部癌切除术中的应用

目的:探讨食管胃端端吻合在食管胃交界部癌切除术中的临床应用价值。方法:48例食管胃交界部癌行常规近半胃切除及区域淋巴结清扫后,采用食管胃端端吻合重建消化道,并重点观察术后切缘癌残留率、吻合口瘘以及术后3个月胃肠功能,包括吻合口狭窄、胃食管反流、进食量、进食频率、胃排空情况及体重恢复情况。结果:本组48例患者手术均顺利完成,术后无切缘癌残留、吻合口瘘、胃排空障碍以及胸胃综合征等并发症的发生。术后3个月吻合口狭窄3例(6.3%),胃食管反流症状者13例(27.0%),进餐量与术前进餐量之比为(0.83±0.14)kg,每天进餐频率为(4.1±1.2)次,体重恢复到术前的患者占41.5%。结论:食管胃端端吻合在食管胃交界部癌切除手术中安全可行,能降低食管胃切缘癌残留的发生率和全胃切除的可能性,预防术后胃排空障碍,减小术后饭量损失,利于患者树立生活信心,改善术后生活质量,值得临床推广应用,特别适用于贲门肿瘤较大(胃体侵犯较多)和胃体较小者。     

睫状神经营养因子对面神经损伤修复大鼠面神经核内STAT3磷酸化的影响

目的 探讨重组人睫状神经营养因子（ciliary neurotrophica factor．CNTF）对面神经损伤修复大鼠面神经核运动神经元STAT3活性的影响。方法 成年大鼠面神经切断后行端端吻合．局部给予CNTF．以生理盐水为对照。术后7d．运用抗磷酸化STAT3抗体做免疫印迹（immuobloting，IB）以检测面神经核抽提物STAT3的磷酸化变化。结果 局部给予CNTF组大鼠面神经核内p-STAT含量较对照组高（P〈0．05）。结论 局部给予重组CNTF可增强面神经损伤修复大鼠面神经核内STAT3的磷酸化。     

经会阴途径后尿道端端吻合术治疗创伤性后尿道狭窄37例

目的探讨经会阴途径后尿道端端吻合术治疗创伤性后尿道狭窄的临床疗效。方法 37例创伤性后尿道狭窄患者术前均常規行膀胱尿道造影,复杂病例加行尿道B超、多层CT尿道重建(CTU)、磁共振尿道成像(MRU)及尿道镜或软性膀胱镜检查。37例患者均行经会阴途径后尿道端端吻合术,其中单纯尿道端端吻合术11例,阴茎海绵体中隔切开+后尿道端端吻合术23例,阴茎海绵体中隔切开+耻骨下缘楔形切除+后尿道端端吻合术3例。结果 37例患者术后随访3~20个月,平均12.3个月,术后最大尿流率为13.3~51.2 mL.s-1,平均(21.81±8.04)mL.s-1。手术总的成功率为86.5%(32/37),其中经会阴单纯尿道端端吻合术的成功率为90.9%(10/11),阴茎海绵体中隔切开+后尿道端端吻合术的成功率为86.9%(20/23),阴茎海绵体中隔切开+耻骨下缘楔形切除+后尿道端端吻合术的成功率为66.7%(2/3);手术不成功5例(13.5%)。结论经会阴途径后尿道端端吻合术可有效治疗创伤性后尿道狭窄。     

气管端端吻合术与腔内介入治疗在治疗气道狭窄中的疗效比较

目的 探讨气管端端吻合术与腔内介入治疗在治疗气道狭窄中的疗效.方法 收集我院1990年2月至2008年2月18年间采用端端吻合术及腔内介入治疗共53例气道狭窄患者的临床资料,进行随访,回顾性分析采用不同治疗方法患者的预后.其中男32例,女21例,年龄2～80岁,平均38岁.分别是狭窄袖切端端吻合术26例、球囊扩张术14例、支架置入术13例.结果 围手术期无死亡病例.随访1～204个月(44.94±54.56),失访8例(吻合术5例,球囊扩张术2例.支架置入术1例).再狭窄12例,其中端端吻合术再狭窄2例(9.5%);球囊扩张术再狭窄6例(50%);支架置入术肉芽增生再狭窄6例(50%).三种治疗方法中端端吻合术再狭窄率最低(χ2=8.869,P=0.012<0.05).结论 由于端端吻合术较低的再狭窄率及较理想的预后,我们认为目前气管端端吻合术应作为气道狭窄治疗的首选方案.     

Poly(A)-binding proteins are functionally distinct and have essential roles during vertebrate development

Translational control of many mRNAs in developing metazoan embryos is achieved by alterations in their poly(A) tail length. A family of cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs) bind the poly(A) tail and can regulate mRNA translation and stability. However, despite the extensive biochemical characterization of one family member (PABP1), surprisingly little is known about their in vivo roles or functional relatedness. Because no information is available in vertebrates, we address their biological roles, establishing that each of the cytoplasmic PABPs conserved in Xenopus laevis [PABP1, embryonic PABP (ePABP), and PABP4] is essential for normal development. Morpholino-mediated knockdown of PABP1 or ePABP causes both anterior and posterior phenotypes and embryonic lethality. In contrast, depletion of PABP4 results mainly in anterior defects and lethality at later stages. Unexpectedly, cross-rescue experiments reveal that neither ePABP nor PABP4 can fully rescue PABP1 depletion, establishing that PABPs have distinct functions. Comparative analysis of the uncharacterized PABP4 with PABP1 and ePABP shows that it shares a mechanistically conserved core role in promoting global translation. Consistent with this analysis, each morphant displays protein synthesis defects, suggesting that their roles in mRNA-specific translational regulation and/or mRNA decay, rather than global translation, underlie the functional differences between PABPs. Domain-swap experiments reveal that the basis of the functional specificity is complex, involving multiple domains of PABPs, and is conferred, at least in part, by protein-protein interactions.     

Probleme der Rekonstruktion bei iatrogenen Gallengangsiäsionen

Zusammenfassung Die iatrogenen Läsionen des Hepatocholedochus gehören zu den ernstesten Komplikationen der Oberbauchchirurgie. Sie stellen den Operateur vor schwierige Probleme: Erfolglose Rekonstruktionsversuche führen leicht zu irreparablen Leberschädigungen und kaum mehr beherrschbaren operativen Situationen; damit entscheidet die Korrekturoperation über das Schicksal des Kranken. Entgegen allgemeiner Ansicht versuchen wir auch bei größeren Defekten nach Mobilisation der Gallengangsstümpfe die ideale biliobiliäre End-zu-End-Anastomose über der dicken T-Drainage. Bei richtiger Mobilisation können sogar damit bis zu 4 cm lange Defekte des Hepatocholedochus überbrückt werden. Selbstverständlich erfordert die Präparation besonders des distalen Choledochusschenkels eine entsprechende operative Erfahrung. Wir haben bei 37 Patienten insgesamt 40 bilio-biliäre End-zu-End-Anastomosen durchgeführt. Die Kontroll- und Nachuntersuchungen ergeben, von einem Todesfall und 3 Restenosierungen abgesehen, in jeder Hinsicht zufriedenstellende Erfolge: Die geglückte bilio-biliäre End-zu-End-Anastomose ist jeder anderen Korrektur-Maßnahme überlegen.

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Problems of reconstruction of latrogenic lesions in the biliary tract

Summary Iatrogenic lesions of the hepatocholedochus are among the most serious complications of upper abdominal surgery. They present the surgeon with difficult problems: unsuccessful attempts to reconstruct easily lead to irreparable liver damage and situations which can no longer be controlled surgically. Consequently, the corrective operation decides the fate of the patient. Contrary to general opinion, we attempt the ideal bilibiliary end-to end anastomosis over the large T-drain after mobilization of the stump of the biliary tract even in larger defects. With proper mobilization, even defects of the hepatocholedochus up to 4 cm long can be bridged. Naturally, preparation of the distal limb of the bile duct requires adequate surgical experience. We have performed 40 bilibiliary end-to-end anastomoses in 37 patients. Examination and follow-up examinations showed, apart from one death and three reoccurrences of stenosis, satisfactory results in every respect: The successful bilibiliary end-to-end anastomosis is superior to all other corrective measures.

Vortrag gehalten auf der 97. Tagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie     

Celiac artery aneurysm: Report of two surgical cases

(Received for publication on Mar. 25, 1998; accepted on Jan. 7, 1999)     

胆管端-端吻合治疗腹腔镜下胆囊切除术中 胆道损伤的疗效

目的 评估胆道端-端吻合术与胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术、胆道壁横行修补术治疗胆囊切除术中胆道损伤的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2000年1月~2013年12月重庆地区3家肝胆外科中心的87例胆囊切除术中胆道损伤的患者。18例行缺损胆道壁横行修补术的设为A组,32例行胆管空肠Roux-en-Y式吻合术的设为B组,37例行胆管端-端吻合治疗的设为C组;记录三组患者年龄、性别、原发疾病（胆囊结石/胆囊息肉）、胆总管直径及手术时机;比较三组手术时长、总住院时间、术后胆道狭窄、胆管炎、出血及胆漏发生情况。结果 C组患者平均手术时间为（119.24±43.61）min,多于A组的（101.23±32.11）min,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;C组患者平均手术时间少于B组[（119.24±43.61）min vs（175.56±41.52）min],差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;三组术后胆管狭窄、胆汁漏情况比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;B组患者术后胆管炎发生率为21.88%,高于C组的2.70%,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;C组患者总住院时间为（11.45±5.32）d,多于A组的（9.52±4.13）d,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;C组总住院时间少于B组[（11.45±5.32）d vs（17.71±5.27）d],差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 胆管损伤采用胆管端-端吻合术手术时间短,患者总住院时间少,术后胆管炎发生率低,不增加术后胆管狭窄及胆汁漏的风险,治疗胆囊切除术中胆道损伤效果较好。     

Successful infrainguinal revascularization with autologous vein for inadvertent stripping of superficial femoral artery: a case report

A referral patient who had previously undergone varicose vein surgery was admitted as an emergency case. On admission, the patient complained of intolerable pain, paralysis and paresthesia of the affected limb, which was characterized by acute arterial ischemia symptoms. Color Doppler of the artery of the affected limb indicated that no blood flow signal existed in the superficial femoral artery. During exploratory operation, we found that the right superficial femoral artery instead of the great saphenous vein of the affected limb had been stripped and ligated. Therefore, the intact right great saphenous vein was taken for auto-transplantation by inverse end-to-end anastomosis to the proximal and distal residual superficial femoral artery, which resulted in gradual recovery. Except for ischemic reperfusion injury, no other post-operative complications occurred after a 10 month follow-up; however, the long-term curative effect needs further observation. Here we report our treatment experience.