CORDIC算法在B超数字扫描变换器中的应用

数字扫描变换器在B型超声诊断仪的应用，能使现代实时B型超声诊断仪实现一些新的诸如图像冻结、多帧贮存、数据测量计算和TV显示等功能。在设计B型超声诊断仪中数字扫描变化器的过程中，直角坐标到极坐标变换是一个关键的技术，本研究论述了应用在数字扫描变化器中的一种新的算法——CORDIC算法，对该算法的原理进行了简介，将CORDIC算法应用到直角——极坐标变换中，并进行了算法修正和公式计算。根据其具体的应用对该算法进行了优化，并给出了算法的硬件实现结构。最后，对算法进行了软件仿真，并给出了结果分析。     

伴颈5/6椎间孔狭窄神经根型颈椎病影像学特点及临床意义

目的 观测伴C5/C6椎间孔狭窄神经根型颈椎病患者的颈椎间孔形态及三维空间下的各相关径值,分析并探讨其临床意义。方法 随机选取492例伴C5/C6椎间孔狭窄,在上海长征医院于2014年9月至2019年7月期间行手术治疗的神经根型颈椎病患者,行颈椎正侧位X线、颈椎CT、颈椎磁共振等检查,数字骨科系统重建后观测椎间孔形态并测量最佳投射角度下的纵径、上前后径、下前后径、横截面积、椎间隙高度等径值并对其进行统计学处理,比较病例组与正常成人组C5/C6椎间孔之间、病例组病变椎间孔与对侧椎间孔以及病例组中男女患者之间的差异。结果 病例组C5/C6椎间孔形态因骨赘增生等,以纺锤形、不规则形为主,病例组C5/C6椎间孔横径均值、纵径、横截面积、椎间隙平均高度分别为（5.81±1.40）mm、（10.45±1.70）mm、（50.02±15.46）mm2、（4.99±0.89）mm,均比正常成人组减小,且差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;男女间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 伴C5/C6椎间孔狭窄神经根型颈椎病患者的颈椎间孔的形态发生改变,导致椎间孔的横径均值及横截面积值均明显减小;椎间孔的横径在诊断颈椎间孔狭窄方面敏感性及特异性高;术中减压时应更加注重椎间孔横径的有效扩大,以提高手术效果。     

Patients'' complaints and satisfaction 5 years after complete denture treatment

This study is based on an evaluation of patients' opinions of their dentures by means of a questionnaire. The patients had been provided with complete dentures at a university clinic. Of the original sample (n = 139) a test group of 92 patients remained available for the actual study 5 yr after treatment. The replies in the questionnaire were subjected to statistical processing and interpretation. Six clusters could be defined and these were introduced as "scales" representing the patients' score on a specific type of complaint. Apart from the six scales a score was achieved for each patient's overall satisfaction. The correlations between the various scales were calculated with the aid of a computer program. Finally, cross-tabulation was used to see if any significant (inter)correlations could be proved between complaints, satisfaction, and some of the patients' social data. It could be concluded that a correlation exists between complaints of pain and of functional aspects on the one hand and vague complaints on the other hand. There is also a correlation between complaints of looseness of the maxillary denture and complaints about aesthetic factors. Well-fitting and well-functioning dentures, absence of pain, and a socially acceptable appearance contribute much to the patients' satisfaction with dentures. Social variables such as type of insurance (public or private) and marital status influence denture appreciation to a certain extent.     

RPI卡环受力分析与临床应用

本文讨论了常规设计的游离端义齿存在的问题,并对Kratochvil提出的RPI卡环,结合力学知识,提出了RPI卡环在游离端义齿应用中的优缺点,并通过典型病例介绍和对20名病例随访分析表明,用RPI卡环修复游离端牙齿缺失,可获得较好的临床效果。     

Noninvasive three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography in preoperative detection of intracranial arteriovenous malformations

Ｃｏｎｖｅｎｔｉｏｎａｌｉｎｔｒａ ａｒｔｅｒｉａｌｄｉｇｉｔａｌｓｕｂｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎａｎｇｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ (ＤＳＡ)ｕｓｅｄｔｏｂｅｒｅｇａｒｄｅｄａｓｔｈｅｇｏｌｄｓｔａｎｄａｒｄｆｏｒｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓｏｆｉｎｔｒａｃｒａｎｉａｌａｒｔｅｒｉｏｖｅｎｏｕｓｍａｌｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｓ(ＡＶＭｓ) Ｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙ ,ｎｅｗｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓｏｆｎｅｕｒｏｉｍａｇｉｎｇａｎｄｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄｔｈｒｅｅ ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｒｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｍａｋｅｉｔｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅ…     

脑动静脉畸形影像学诊断方法的评价

目的评价数字减影血管造影（ＤＳＡ）、磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）及磁共振血管造影（ＭＲＡ）在脑动静脉畸形（ＡＶＭ）诊断中的价值。②方法对病理证实的１１３例ＡＶＭ病人皆行ＤＳＡ及ＭＲＩ检查,其中６７例行ＭＲＡ检查。③结果ＤＳＡ表现为密集成球、相互交叉缠绕的血管团或块状血管;ＭＲＩ表现为蜂窝状、葡萄状和条索状流空血管,无明显占位效应;ＭＲＡ显示局部纡曲的血管团,血管分支增多,缠绕在一起。ＤＳＡ及ＭＲＩ对ＡＶＭ的诊断率远高于ＭＲＡ（χ２＝１０６．７,Ｐ＜０．０１）。④结论ＤＳＡ与ＭＲＩ结合使用,对ＡＶＭ的诊断及治疗有重要价值。ＭＲＡ可作为ＭＲＩ的补充用于筛选及ＡＶＭ切除术后随访检查。     

Cerebral metabolic profile, selective neuron loss, and survival of acute and chronic hyperglycemic rats following cardiac arrest and resuscitation

Cortical metabolites and regional cerebral intracellular pH (pHi) were measured in normoglycemic (NM), acute hyperglycemic (AH), and chronic hyperglycemic (CH, 2 week duration, streptozotocin-induced) Wistar rat brains during cardiac arrest and resuscitation. During total ischemia in AH and CH rats (plasma glucose approximately 30 mM), cortical ATP, PCr, glucose, and glycogen all fell significantly as expected. Lactate levels increased dramatically in association with a concomitant intracellular acidosis. Although lactate reached higher concentrations in AH and CH than NM, pHi was significantly lower only in the AH group. With 5 min of reperfusion, all groups recovered to near baseline in all variables, though lactate remained elevated. In a separate aspect of the study, animals from each experimental group were allowed to recover for 4 days following resuscitation, with outcome being gauged by mortality rate and hippocampal CA1 neuron counts. NM survival rate was significantly better than AH and CH. In particular, no CH rats survived for 4 days despite rapid initial recovery. After 4 days, the AH group had suffered significantly greater CA1 neuron loss than the NM rats. In summary, our research identified differences in intra-ischemic acid-base status in the two hyperglycemic groups, suggesting that chronic hyperglycemia may alter the brain's buffering capacity. These observations may account for differences between acutely and chronically hyperglycemic subjects regarding outcome, and they suggest that factors other than hydrogen ion production during ischemia are responsible for modulating outcome.     

鼠和兔中流行性感冒病毒抗体的制备及测定

报道了流行性感冒病毒抗体的制备及其抗体价的检测方法。利用鼠、兔对流行性感冒(IFV)抗原的免疫反应制备抗体；酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定抗体价。结果显示：Freund佐剂与抗原的混合乳液，具有流行性感冒病毒的抗原特异性，且能够增强抗原的免疫原性，并改变宿主的免疫反应原性。     

基于Hilbert曲线的数字图像置乱方法研究

研究了基于Hilbert曲线的数字图像置乱方法 ,引入二个概念 :“重合度”和“Hilbert曲线的平移” ,利用Hilbert曲线平移 ,获得了更多新的置乱路径 ,并根据重合度变化图探讨了置乱变换的规律 ,以测试置乱变换的周期和拟周期。然后把基于Hilbert曲线的置乱方法推广到任意大小的图像。实验结果表明 :利用Hilbert路径进行置乱不仅具有非常大的置乱路径选择空间 ,而且具有很好的置乱效果和极大的置乱周期 ,具有较大的实用性。