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71.
C. V. Dalchow A. L. Weber S. Bien N. Yanagihara J. A. Werner 《European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology》2006,263(2):92-99
Digital volume tomography (DVT) is an extension of panoramic tomography. With this diagnostic technique, characterized by high resolution, a narrow section width (0.125 mm) and three-dimensional display, small pathological processes can be well visualized. Twenty-five patients with the history of a progressive hearing loss were examined with DVT (Accu-I-tomo, Morita, Japan). The results were compared with pre- and intraoperative findings to evaluate the diagnostic value of DVT in cases of erosion of the ossicular chain. With high resolution and artifact-free demonstration of the middle ear and the ossicular chain, it was possible to define its continuity preoperatively by DVT in all 25 cases. An intact ossicular chain was found by DVT in 13 cases and was later confirmed by surgery. The predicted erosion of the ossicles was verified in 12 patients, and a tympanoplasty type III was performed. Digital volume tomography is an excellent technique to examine the middle ear cleft and inner ear, and expands the application of diagnostic possibilities in the lateral skull base. Therefore, improvement in preoperative diagnosis is achieved along with more accurate planning of the surgical procedure. Digital volume tomography delivers a small radiation dose with a high resolution and a low purchase price for the equipment. 相似文献
72.
目的探讨CT对腺样体肥大的诊断价值。方法对25例经穿刺活检病理证实腺样体肥大的患者CT表现进行分析。结果25例腺样体肥大病例中,均可见咽后壁类圆形软组织肿块,边界清楚,轮廓光整,密度均匀,大小不等,最大2.5Cm×3.0cm,咽间隙、咽旁间隙、椎前肌间隙及气道均有不同程度变窄。结论CT在腺样体肥大的诊断中地位重要,它不断发现和显示病变,确定肥大范围,了解气管、咽鼓管阻塞程度,对临床治疗起着重要作用。 相似文献
73.
Familial homozygous hypercholesterolemia: clinical and cardiovascular features in 18 patients 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
G J Brook S Keidar M Boulos E Grenadier A Wiener N Shehada W Markiewicz A Benderli M Aviram 《Clinical cardiology》1989,12(6):333-338
Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HFH) is a very rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by accelerated severe atherosclerosis. We examined 18 patients from 9 families with HFH. The age range was 6-30 years (mean = 16 years). Male to female ratio was equal. All patients had huge, multiple tuberous xanthomas on the skin and tendons. Mean +/- standard deviation of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol levels were 608 +/- 89, 122 +/- 39, 550 +/- 88, and 26 +/- 8 mg/dl, respectively. Five patients (28%) had angina pectoris, two sustained a myocardial infarction, and one died at the age of 15 years. Two-dimensional echocardiography demonstrated supravalvular aortic stenosis in 3 of the 13 patients (23%). Coronary arteriography performed in 11 patients demonstrated significant obstruction in 6 patients, 2 each with single-, double-, and triple-vessel disease. Left main stenosis was present in 3 patients (27%). Supravalvular aortic narrowing was demonstrated in 6 patients (54%) and was associated with a gradient in 2 (25 and 35 mmHg, respectively). Segmental contraction abnormalities were detected in 2 of the 11 patients (18%). It is concluded that coronary artery disease is prevalent in patients with HFH and, based on the data presented, we recommend the performance of noninvasive technique, coronary arteriography and supravalvular aortography at an early age to detect and to follow the progression of the disease. 相似文献
74.
Peter Knesewitsch Sigrid Fritsch Eduard Kleinhans Udalrich Büll 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》1987,12(12):598-601
Results of 203 patients who underwent first pass radionuclide angiography (FP) and quantitative equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (qERNV) were stored in a data base system and evaluated statistically. Eighty eight of these patients also underwent exercise equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (E-qERNV). In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) without previous myocardial infarction (MI), evaluation of global and regional ejection fraction (gEF, rEF) at rest revealed a poor sensitivity of 64%, the specificity was about 71% (qERNV). FP at rest revealed similar values of sensitivity (69%) and specificity (83%). Additional assessment of stress induced changes of gEF, significantly (P<0.05) improved sensitivity of qERNV in CAD patients without a history of previous MI to 84% (specificity 86%). In patients with one previous MI, however, similar values of sensitivity were found (RFP: 87%, R-qERNV: 84%, E-qERNV: 93%). In patients with several MI's, sensitivity was above 90% at rest and during exercise (R-FP: 96%, R-qERNV: 93%, E-qERNV: 100%). 相似文献
75.
翼腭窝的CT三维成像 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:探讨CT三维成像评价翼腭窝解剖结构的价值。材料和方法:使用Philips Mx8000型多层CT检查仪对5个成人头颅标本进行准直1mm或0.5mm的容积采集,并将数据输入配套Mxview工作站(SGI02)进行三维重建处理,包括容积显示(VR)和三维正交多平面重建(MPR)。鼻腔内侧壁相关结构进行测量并与标本测量进行对比。结果:CT三维正交多平面重建图像可以十分清楚地显示翼腭窝结构及其6个通路结构,VR可以清楚、准确地显示鼻腔内侧壁结构,并均可以获得准确测量。结论:CT容积采集结合合理的三维重建可以直观、立体地显示翼腭窝解剖及其相关通连结构。 相似文献
76.
骨样骨瘤的影像学诊断:X线平片与CT常规横断位及MPR比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:比较常规X线平片、多层螺旋CT常规横断位及多平面重组(multi-planar reformation,MPR)在骨样骨瘤诊断中的价值。方法:回顾性分析41例骨样骨瘤病人在X线平片、CT常规横断位及MPR图像上的表现及其对瘤巢及瘤巢内钙化显示能力。结果:41例病灶均表现为一圆形或卵圆形的透亮区,其周围有不同程度的骨质硬化。41例中仅8例在X线平片上能显示瘤巢,瘤巢显示率为19.5%(8/41);所有检查者均清楚显示瘤巢周围骨质硬化,但均不能显示瘤巢内钙化;41例CT横断位图像及MPR图像均能清楚显示瘤巢,18例CT横断位图像能显示瘤巢内钙化,30例病人在MPR图像能显示瘤巢内钙化;横断位CT图像和MPR对瘤巢内钙化显示率分别为43.9%(18/41)和73.2%(30/41)。结论:瘤巢是确诊骨样骨瘤的关键,CT是显示瘤巢的重要检查方法,MPR图像是显示瘤巢内钙化的最佳方法,有助于做出准确诊断。 相似文献
77.
Padmaja Yalamanchili Eric Wexler Megan Hayes Ming Yu Jody Bozek Mikhail Kagan Heike S. Radeke Michael Azure Ajay Purohit David S. Casebier Simon P. Robinson 《Journal of nuclear cardiology》2007,14(6):782-788
Background
BMS-747158-02 is a novel fluorine 18-labeled pyridazinone derivative designed for cardiac imaging. The uptake and retention
mechanisms of F-18 BMS-747158-02 in cardiac myocytes were studied in vitro, and the biodistribution of F-18 BMS-747158-02
was studied in vivo in mice.
Methods and Results
Fluorine 19 BMS-747158-01 inhibited mitochondrial complex I (MC-I) in bovine heart submitochondrial particles with an IC50 of 16.6±3 nmol/L that was comparable to the reference inhibitors of MC-1, rotenone, pyridaben, and deguelin (IC50 of 18.2±6.7 nmol/L, 19.8±2.6 nmol/L, and 23.1±1.5 nmol/L, respectively). F-18 BMS-747158-02 had high uptake in monolayers
of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (10.3%±0.7% of incubated drug at 60 minutes) that was inhibited by 200 nmol/L of rotenone (91%±2%)
and deguelin (89%±3%). In contrast, an inactive pyridaben analog, P-0 (IC50 value>4 μmol/L in MC-1 assay), did not inhibit the binding of F-18 BMS-747158-02 in cardiomyocytes. Uptake and washout kinetics
for F-18 BMS-747158-02 in rat cardiomyocytes indicated that the time to half-maximal (t1/2) uptake was very rapid (approximately 35 seconds), and washout t1/2 for efflux of F-18 BMS-747158-02 was greater than 120 minutes. In vivo biodistribution studies in mice showed that F-18 BMS-747158-02
had substatial myocardial uptake (9.5%±0.5% of injected dose per gram) at 60 minutes and heart-to-lung and heart-to-liver
ratios of 14.1±2.5 and 8.3±0.5, respectively. Positron emission tomography imaging in the mouse allowed clear cardiac visualization
and demonstrated sustained myocardial uptake through 55 minutes.
Conclusions
F-18 BMS-747158-02 is a novel positron emission tomography cardiac tracer targeting MC-I in cardiomyocytes with rapid uptake
and slow washout. These characteristics allow fast and sustained accumulation in the heart. 相似文献
78.
Birgit Herting MD Bettina Beuthien‐Baumann MD Katrin Pöttrich PhD Markus Donix MD Antje Triemer PhD Johannes B. Lampe MD Rüdiger von Kummer MD Karl Herholz MD Heinz Reichmann MD Vjera A. Holthoff MD 《Movement disorders》2007,22(4):490-497
Depressive symptoms are common in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. Imaging studies suggest that a disruption of frontal-subcortical pathways may underlie depression associated with basal ganglia disease. This pilot study tested the hypothesis that frontal dysfunction contributes to depression associated with multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Depressed patients with MSA (n = 11), PSP (n = 9), and age-matched controls (n = 25) underwent measures of cerebral glucose metabolism applying positron emission tomography with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose. Regional metabolism in the patient groups was compared to the normal subjects using the voxel-based statistical parametric mapping. Depressive symptom severity (Hamilton Depression Rating) and degree of locomotor disability (Hoehn & Yahr) were assessed in the patient groups. The association between prefrontal metabolism and the occurrence of depressive symptoms and the degree of locomotor disability was investigated. When compared to controls, MSA patients revealed significant metabolic decreases in bilateral frontal, parietal, and cerebellar cortex and in the left putamen. In PSP patients, significant hypometabolism was demonstrated in bilateral frontal cortex, right thalamus, and midbrain. Depression severity but not the patients' functional condition was significantly associated with dorsolateral prefrontal glucose metabolism in both patient groups. The findings of this pilot study support the hypothesis that depressive symptoms in MSA and PSP are associated with prefrontal dysfunction. 相似文献
79.