Six distinct NFκB signaling codons convey discrete information to distinguish stimuli and enable appropriate macrophage responses

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Bifurcation lesion treated with a single stent: a new technique.

Treatment of bifurcation lesions by percutaneous coronary interventions is one of the challenging issues for the interventional cardiologists. The overall complication rate is higher than nonbifurcation lesions. We describe a new stenting technique for the so-called true bifurcation lesions.     

Imaging platelet deposition on Dacron bifurcation grafts in man: Quantification by a dual-tracer method using 111In-labeled platelets and 99mTc-labeled human serum albumin

A dual tracer technique using ¹¹¹In-labeled platelets and ^99mTc-labeled human serum albumin was applied to evaluate the thrombogenicity of Dacron bifurcation arterial grafts. The level of platelet accumulation over the whole of the graft was estimated from the ratio of ¹¹¹In-platelet radioactivity deposited on the vascular wall to these radioactivity circulating in the blood pool, i.e., the platelet-accumulation index (PAI). Furthermore, the PAI value was calculated for each pixel in digitized images and the PAI distribution image (PAI image) was reconstructed. Eighteen patients with DeBakey knitted Dacron bifurcation grafts and 11 normal volunteers were studied. Of the 18 patients, 11 had no graft occlusion (group I) and the remaining 7 (group II) had occlusion. The mean PAI value (±SD) over the whole of the graft in group I was 32.6%±33.7% as compared to -8.8%±4.5% in the control group (P<0.01). In group I, the PAI value over the entire graft decreased with the age of the fraft (r=-0.763; P<0.01). In contrast, in group II, platelet accumulation did not diminish with time and persisted beyond the time of which platelet accumulation was no longer found in group I. Moreover, analysis of the PAI images revealed enhanced platelet accumulation on the proximal part of the graft to be more frequent in group II than in group I (6/7 vs 0/11; _c ² = 10.55; P<0.005). The method used for platelet imaging in the present study may be useful in the study of platelet reactions on Dacron arterial prostheses.     

Comparison between measured and calculated length of side branch ostium in coronary bifurcation lesions with intravascular ultrasound

Purpose

Accurate evaluation of side branch (SB) ostium could be critical to the treatment of bifurcation lesions. We compared measured and calculated values of side branch ostial length (SBOL) in coronary bifurcation lesions with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).

Materials and Methods

Pre-intervention and post-intervention IVUS was performed in 113 patients who underwent stent implantation of bifurcation lesions. For the IVUS longitudinal reconstruction of the bifurcation lesions, SBOL, SB diameter, and the angle between the distal portion of the main vessel (MV) and SB were directly measured. In addition, SBOL was calculated as: SB diameter/sin (angle between distal MV and SB). The relationship between measured and calculated SBOL was then evaluated.

Results

The angled between the distal MV and SB were 57.3±12.4° at pre-intervention and 59.4±12.6° at post-intervention. The mean measured and calculated SBOL values were 2.91±0.86 mm and 3.06±0.77 mm at pre-intervention and 2.79±0.82 mm and 2.92±0.69 mm at post-intervention, respectively. Differences between measured and calculated SBOL were 0.15±0.44 mm at pre-intervention and 0.13±0.41 mm at post-intervention. We found that calculated SBOL was correlated with measured SBOL (pre-intervention r=0.863, p<0.001; post-intervention r=0.868, p<0.001).

Conclusion

There was a good correlation between measured and calculated SBOLs of the bifurcation lesions in IVUS longitudinal reconstruction. SBOL in the bifurcation lesions can therefore be estimated using the SB diameter and the angle between distal MV and SB.     

两房室神经元模型的分岔现象

目的神经元放电模式的研究一直是计算神经科学领域的研究热点。方法本文运用非线性动力学方法,理论分析了在不同电生理参数改变的情况下,一类双房室锥体神经元模型中可能存在的各种周期放电模式以及不同放电模式之间的转移,并对模式转移过程中出现的各种非线性分岔现象做了深入探讨。结果数值分析结果揭示了该两房室神经元信息传导过程中的倍周期分岔现象。不仅得到复杂的放电节律序列,并且发现了分岔序列结构。结论为更进一步认识神经元模型中复杂多样的放电模式和不同模式转移中所出现的周期分岔结构提供了线索。     

时滞作用下忆阻耦合FHN-ML神经元模型的分岔分析

通过构建时滞作用下忆阻耦合FHN-ML神经元模型,研究不同时滞对该神经元系统动力学行为的影响。利用Routh-Hurwitz判据和Hopf分岔定理证明FHN-ML神经元系统平衡点的稳定性及Hopf分岔的存在性。利用范式理论和中心流形定理进一步证明FHN-ML神经元系统的分岔方向及周期解的稳定性。通过Matlab软件绘制以反转电压和电流频率为双参的周期分岔图及以电流频率为单参的峰峰间期（ISI）分岔图,发现在时滞作用下,FHN-ML神经元系统的放电模式会产生延迟现象,且当增大时滞时,延迟程度加大,混沌放电区域减小,加周期分岔的周期数减小。所得分析结果有助于理解延迟效应对电磁辐射作用下的耦合神经元网络放电活动的影响。     

Anomalous branching pattern of external carotid artery: Clinical relevance to cervicofacial surgery

Anomalous branching pattern of the left external carotid artery (ECA) was detected in an old man. The ECA branched into high submental artery and large transverse facial artery ending as angular artery compensating for concurrent agenesis of ipsilateral facial artery. The lingual artery gave direct branch to the submandibular gland, whereas the superior thyroid artery arose directly from common carotid artery with high bifurcation level. This unreported branching pattern of the ECA may have important clinical relevance to cervicofacial surgery.     

Y型血管血流动力学边界元分析

目的：通过数值计算,判断Y型动脉血管中,血流动力学特性对分叉处粥样斑块病变产生和发展的影响。方法：利用边界元方法[4,5],计算了Y型动脉血管,主管病变前后的血液流场、血管壁切应力、压力等血液流体动力学特性,通过对计算结果的分析和比较对粥样病变产生和发展的原因做出了分析。边界元方法由于只在边界离散时作了近似,因而计算精度较高,对于象分叉血管这类复杂边界问题,有较强的适应性。结果：计算结果显示,分叉处管壁切应力明显大于主管壁切应力,说明了分叉处易产生粥样斑块的流体动力学原因;而病变的产生使血管腔变窄,病变斑块顶部血流速度、切应力变大,上、下游血流速度、切应力变小,说明了粥样斑块变厚和附壁延伸的流体动力学原因[7];另外,病变前后血管壁压力的计算结果显示,病变的产生对动脉血压有一定的影响。结论：通过对Y型分叉血管血液流体动力学特性的计算,进一步说明,边界元方法对分叉血管,以及分叉处有病变血管,这类复杂边界问题的计算,方便、快捷、精度高、节约机时,可为生物流体力学的深入研究提供一种可靠、有效的方法[8,9]。