Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis: absence of contact sensitivity to glucocorticoids, oestrogen and 17-α-OH-progesterone

Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis is a rare condition, characterized by recurrent premenstrual exacerbations of a dermatosis, in which sensitivity to progesterone can be demonstrated. The sensitizing mechanism is unknown. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that cross-sensitivity between steroid groups could induce allergy to endogenous progesterone in these patients. 5 patients with autoimmune progesterone dermatitis and 1 with oestrogen-sensitive dermatitis have been patch tested with a corticosteroid series, conjugated oestrogen 1% in petrolatum (pet.), and 17-α-OH-progesterone 2% pet. There were no immediate or delayed reactions at 2 and 4 days to any steroid group. We have therefore been unable to demonstrate steroid cross-sensitivity, or a use for 17-α-OH-progesterone in the investigation of oestrogen - and progesterone-sensitive dermatoses.     

腺病毒介导的TGF-β1基因转导对小鼠自身免疫性心肌炎的治疗作用

目的:研究腺病毒介导的TGF-β1基因转导对小鼠自身免疫性心肌炎的治疗作用.方法:以猪心肌肌凝蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,诱导自身免疫性心肌炎;实验组以腺病毒为载体转移TGF-β1基因,对照组则转移Lacz基因;采用ELISA法测定血浆TGF-β1浓度,间接ELISA法检测肌凝蛋白自身抗体,荧光酶联免疫法检测肌钙蛋白I;从心肌炎细胞浸润程度、血浆肌钙蛋白I水平、血浆肌凝蛋白自身抗体滴度评估TGF-β1转基因治疗自身免疫性心肌炎的作用.结果:实验组血浆TGF-β1浓度显著高于对照组和正常小鼠(P<0.01),对照组和正常小鼠无显著性差异;实验组小鼠心肌炎细胞浸润程度明显低于对照组,血浆中的肌钙蛋白I水平和抗肌凝蛋白自身抗体水平低于对照组(P<0.01).结论:腺病毒介导的TGF-β1基因转导对小鼠自身免疫性心肌炎有明显的治疗效果.     

动物与临床胆道梗阻和胆道炎症时胆管组织PGI_2和TXB_2的变化

采用放射免疫法测定实验性胆道炎症兔胆系组织以及几种胆道疾患病人胆系组织中６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α与ＴＸＢ２的含量。结果显示：动物模型组与病人组的上述两指标均显著增高；ＡＯＳＣ病人的ＴＸＢ２增高更明显，而胆道梗阻病人胆管组织无此变化。提示前列腺素类及血栓素对胆道炎症的发生可能有关，ＴＸＢ２的负性作用尤为重要。     

APPRAISAL OF SURGICAL AND ENDOSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS

One hundred and ten patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones were treated in the Department of Surgical Gastroenterology at SGPGIMS, Lucknow, India between January 1989 and December 1992. The primary modality of treatment was surgery in 62 patients (group I) and endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) in 48 (group II). The two groups were well matched with respect to clinical features and presence of medical risk factors. Surgical clearance of CBD stones was achieved in 58 patients (93.5%; group Ia). Four patients (7%) had retained stones following surgery (group Ib). In group II, the CBD was cleared by endoscopic means in 20 out of 48 patients (42%) and was categorized into group IIa. In the remaining patients ES was followed by CBD exploration (group IIb). Significantly higher morbidity was seen in patients needing CBD surgery following attempted endoscopic clearance, because of ES-related complications, such as bleeding, cholangitis, septicaemia and numerous others. Use of ES to treat CBD stones on a routine basis was therefore not found to be any better than one-time surgical exploration.     

Prevalence of autoimmune diseases in islet transplant candidates with severe hypoglycaemia and glycaemic lability: previously undiagnosed coeliac and autoimmune thyroid disease is identified by screening.

AIMS: Autoimmune diseases such as Addison's or coeliac disease can contribute to hypoglycaemia or malabsorption and are more common in Type 1 diabetes (T1DM). This brief report describes the prevalence of known and newly detected autoimmune disease in clinical islet transplant candidates with longstanding T1DM and severe hypoglycaemia and/or glycaemic lability who are routinely screened for coexisting autoimmune disease. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-four C-peptide negative T1DM subjects [77 (62%) female, mean age 44 +/- 9 years, diabetes duration 28 +/- 11 years, body mass index 24.9 +/- 3.5 kg/m(2)] with indications for clinical islet transplantation at the University of Alberta were screened for autoimmune disease by history and measurement of anti-transglutaminase antibodies (positive > 10 U/ml), 09.00 h cortisol (followed by adrenocorticotrophic hormone-stimulation if < 495 nmol/l) and thyroid-stimulating hormone to determine the prevalence of coeliac disease, Addison's disease and autoimmune thyroid disease, respectively. RESULTS: Forty per cent of subjects had one or more coexisting autoimmune disease. The prevalence of autoimmune disease was 35%, coeliac disease 8% and Addison's disease 1.6%. In 11 individuals (9%), one or more autoimmune disease were newly detected (seven coeliac disease and five thyroid disease). Seven of 10 cases of coeliac disease were newly detected. A gluten-free diet in individuals with newly diagnosed coeliac disease reduced gastrointestinal symptoms, but indications for clinical islet cell transplantation persisted. CONCLUSIONS: Coexisting autoimmune disease is common in candidates for clinical islet cell transplantation. Screening in this group identified a substantial number of previously unrecognized cases. Clinicians should consider the presence of autoimmune disease even in the absence of classical symptoms.     

自身免疫性肝病患者自身抗体免疫学特点分析

我们对自身免疫性肝病患者血清中出现循环的自身抗体进行分析,探讨自身抗体在鉴别自身免疫性肝病及病毒性肝炎中免疫学之间的关系。一、资料与方法1.研究对象:收集2000年10月至2005年6月来我院门诊及入院就诊的肝功能生化指标。ALT≥40 U/L,且反复异常,HBsAg阴性的3500例患者。参照国际自身免疫性肝炎组修订的评分标准和美国肝病学会原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)指导建议,结合相关临床资料及部分患者肝组     

胆源性感染性休克兔血栓素、前列环素与血小板聚集率的变化

动态观察胆总管急性完全性梗阻并感染、继发休克兔的血浆血栓素(TXA_2)和前列环素(PGI_2)的稳定代谢产物 TXB_2和6-keto-PGF_(1α)含量及血小板聚集率的变化。结果,血浆 TXB_2呈进行性升高,20h 后(休克时)呈下降趋势,血浆6-keto-PGF_(1α)6h 升高,随后回降;血小板聚集率呈进行性下降。提示血栓素和前列环素、血小板聚集率的变化在重症急性胆管炎、胆源性感染性休克发病过程中起重要病理生理作用,与病情和预后转归有重要联系。     

谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体检测在2型糖尿病早期诊断中的意义

目的探讨谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GAD-Ab)检测在2型糖尿病患者早期诊断中的意义。方法比较2型糖尿病患者GAD-Ab阳性组12例与阴性组86例的临床特征、体重指数、C肽、糖化血红蛋白等指标。结果GAD-Ab阳性组发病年龄低于阴性组,空腹及餐后2 h C肽值较低,使用胰岛素者比例较高,酮症酸中毒发生率高。结论检测2型糖尿病患者的GAD-Ab可帮助临床上早期发现迟发自身免疫糖尿病病人,尽早采用胰岛素治疗,对保护残存的胰岛功能有重要意义。