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排序方式: 共有892条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
为了评价阿托品对房室传导阻滞(AVB)患者各传导间期的影响,我们采用现代电生理检查技术对10例患者应用阿托品前后各房室传导间期的变化作了对比分析。结果发现PA间期及HV间期的变化统计学意义,AH间期变化有显著性差异。提示该药可用于揭露Ⅱ°-Ⅱ型AVB;对于Ⅱ°-Ⅱ型AVB有一定鉴别诊断价值;不是所有的AVB均可采用阿托品治疗。 相似文献
52.
阿托品对兔局部脑缺血Ca2+积累和细胞水肿的作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阿托品对兔局部脑缺血Ca2+积累和细胞水肿的作用吕爱刚胡香杰贾丹辉张贵卿可君(河南医科大学药理学教研室,郑州450052)阿托品(atropine,Atr)为一典型的M受体阻断剂,近年研究表明它可以选择性对抗KCl和CaCl2对兔基底动脉收缩作用,其... 相似文献
53.
Applications of acetylcholine to hippocampal slices maintained in vitro resulted in slow depolarizations and simultaneous increases in membrane resistance (RN) in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Increases in RN had both voltage dependent and voltage independent components. These effects were associated with increases in cell discharge frequency, and development of spontaneous as well as synaptically and directly evoked burst discharges. The increase in RN and burst firing lasted for hours. Muscarinic antagonists blocked these actions and in addition, produced a decrease in membrane resistance, which appeared to be due to blockade of a tonic effect of acetylcholine on postsynaptic membrane properties. These findings suggest that ACh acts as a neuromodulator in the hippocampus. 相似文献
54.
C. E. Bye M. Clubley T. Henson A. W. Peck S. A. Smith S. E. Smith 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》1979,15(1):21-25
Summary Single oral doses of atropine, nortriptyline, procyclidine and lactose dummy were administered double-blind to eight healthy young subjects in a balanced, crossover study. Television pupillometry was used to measure the anticholinergic effects of these drugs on the pupil diameter in darkness and the reflex response to light flashes. The sensitivity of this method was compared with conventional autonomic function tests, viz. salivary secretion, radial pulse, forearm sweat gland activity and distance to visual near point. Visual analogue scales were used to obtain subjective measures of sedative drug effects. The expected inhibition of parasympathetic activity was found in most instances with two exceptions: firstly, that nortriptyline failed to affect the pupil despite causing a tachycardia and secondly, that procyclidine gave a bradycardia. The results are discussed with reference to the possible advantages of television pupillometry over conventional pupil measurement in the detection of anticholinergic drug effects. 相似文献
55.
56.
Muscarinic signaling is required for spike-pairing induction of long-term potentiation at rat Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Cholinergic input from the basal forebrain and septum to the hippocampus is well known to be critical in learning and memory. Muscarinic induction of theta-frequency oscillations may synchronize pre- and postsynaptic firing and thereby enhance plasticity in the hippocampus. Previous studies have demonstrated that muscarinic activation facilitates long-term potentiation (LTP) induced with tetanus in vitro. In the present study, we tested the role of muscarinic receptor activity in the induction of LTP beyond effects on spike timing by using a spike-pairing (SP) method at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses in rat hippocampal slices. Pairings of pre- and postsynaptic action potentials (APs) have been shown to induce LTP when the presynaptic AP precedes the postsynaptic AP by 5-15 ms, but contribution of muscarinic co-activation has not been ruled out. We demonstrate that the mAChR antagonist atropine abolishes LTP induction by SP. Surprisingly, prolonged exposure to the mAChR agonist carbachol inhibits LTP induction by SP, perhaps because of receptor desensitization. These results demonstrate an essential role of cholinergic signaling in this form of hippocampal plasticity. 相似文献
57.
Prostaglandin F2 alpha was administered intravenous drip in 130 patients with missed, incomplete inevitable and septic abortion, intrauterine death and vesicular mole and for therapeutic termination of midtrimester pregnancies. In 84 patients (control group), no prophylactic antiemetic or antidiarrheal drugs were administered, while in 46 patients (study group), an antiemetic (prochlorperazine) and an antidiarrheal (diphenoxylate hydrochloride with atropine sulfate) drug were administered prophylactically before and during prostaglandin infusion. The incidence in vomiting and diarrhea was statistically much less in the study group (P less than 0.0005 for vomiting and P less than 0.005 for diarrhea). There was no statistically significant difference in the success rate of prostaglandin induction in the two groups. 相似文献
58.
阿托品对中国仓鼠V79细胞有丝分裂过程的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
本研究以毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体抑制剂阿托品在离体情况下作用于中国仓鼠V79细胞,通过分析V79细胞晚末期和早G1期细胞核细胞质构型,双核细胞频率,探讨了阿托品对哺乳动物离体细胞正常有丝分裂过程的影响。结果发现,阿托品使V79细胞的晚末期一早G1期细胞核和细胞质分裂构型发生显著变化,以核细胞的阿托品可能通过M型胆碱受体阻断过程而对哺乳动物有丝分裂真实性产生影响。胆碱受体的功能异常可能为非整倍体发生的诱 相似文献
59.
为观察胆囊穴Innovar复合阿托品、麻黄碱注射用于预防腹腔手术中内脏牵拉反应的效果。将60例胃癌手术病例随机分为两组。试验组A(n=30):硬膜外麻醉后行双侧胆囊穴药物注射:对照组B(n=30):仅单纯常规硬膜外麻醉。观察术中探查脏器时BP、HR变化.以及患者精神安定情况和恶心呕吐反应。结果:A组无明显恶心呕吐,患者安静,手术中HR、SBP、DBP相对平稳。提示胆囊穴行Innovar复合阿托品、麻黄碱注射,可抑制腹腔牵拉反应,减轻患者痛苦,利于术中麻醉管理。 相似文献
60.
The pulmonary and bronchial vascular responses and changes in bronchial tone upon vagal stimulation (240 impulses at 2 Hz or 10 Hz) were studied in anaesthetized pigs paralyzed with pancuronium. The acetylcholine-evoked vasodilatation in the tracheobronchial circulation had the same magnitude when using pancuronium or succinylcholine as skeletal muscle relaxants. Atropine-sensitive bradycardia, hypotension and bronchoconstriction were observed upon vagal stimulation. A vasoconstrictor response in the pulmonary vascular bed and clear-cut vasodilatation in the bronchial circulation supplied by the bronchial artery also occurred upon vagal stimulation. The vagallyevoked increase in pulmonary vascular resistance was markedly reduced after atropine while the bronchial vasodilatation was unchanged. This suggests that the vagallyinduced increase in bronchial blood flow was not secondary to changes in the pulmonary circulation. Furthermore, the pulmonary vasoconstrictor response caused by vagal stimulation under control conditions is probably explained by reflex sympathetic activation due to the fall in systemic blood pressure. These data indicate selective vagal non-cholinergic influence of blood flow in the bronchial vascular bed compared to the pulmonary circulation. 相似文献