1例HER2阳性胃癌肝肺转移患者的MDT治疗

本文介绍1例人类表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor-2,HER2)过表达的胃腺癌同时性肝肺转移患者的多学科诊治过程.该患者初诊时病情危重,肿瘤负荷较大,存在深静脉血栓形成及上消化道出血等化疗禁忌证.经多学科讨论后,在积极处理合并疾病的基础上,谨慎给予化疗联合靶向药物治疗,患者肝肺转移灶明显缩小并长期控制;在此过程中,原发灶缓慢进展,是肿瘤异质性在临床实践中的典型案例,考虑到既往存在消化道出血病史,经多学科充分讨论衡量利弊后,切除原发灶,现以靶向药物维持治疗,疾病稳定,生活质量较高.该病例的诊治过程体现了多学科诊治在广泛转移的胃癌患者中仍然存在重要的价值,对于指导患者争取治疗时机,获得一线生机,改变预后结局,发挥着决定性的作用.     

周边型小肺癌的几个临床问题

我科共手术治疗原发性肺癌 5 87例 ,包括周围型小肺癌 49例 ,其中腺癌 2 9例 ,鳞癌 9例 ,腺鳞癌 3例 ,大细胞癌 2例 ,未分化小细胞癌 6例。pTNM分期 ,Ⅰ期 (T1N0 M0 ) 3 2例 ,Ⅱ期 (T1N1M0 ) 9例 ,ⅢA期 (T1N2 M0 ) 8例。共实行 5 2术次 ,( 3例I期腺癌术后复发二次手术 )。结果鳞癌的 5年生存率优于腺癌和其他组织类型肺癌 ;同组织类型小肺癌比较 ,N0 优于N1,N1优于N2 。既便是早期小肺癌 ,尤其是腺癌 ,预后也不全令人乐观。初步研究结果提示 ,小肺癌并不全是早期肺癌 ,术后的综合治疗仍是不可缺少的。     

二次肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗复发性卵巢癌的研究进展

二次肿瘤细胞减灭术（secondary cytoreductive surgery,SCS）作为复发性卵巢癌的治疗方法之一,以完全切除肿瘤,使残留病灶达到最小为目标,主要适用于铂敏感性复发性上皮性卵巢癌(epithelial ovarian cancer,EOC)的治疗。这种再次手术切除肿瘤病灶的方式与传统治疗方式相比,能否改善复发性卵巢癌患者生存和预后,给患者带来新的希望,目前没有确切结论。术前准确预测SCS的效果,选择更适合进行SCS的复发性卵巢癌患者,分析影响SCS预后的因素,可以使SCS更好地应用于复发性卵巢癌的治疗。本文对SCS治疗复发性卵巢癌的适应证、手术方法以及预后影响因素进行综述。     

Pregnancy after bariatric surgery: a comprehensive review

Background Obesity continues to be a global epidemic, and strong evidence exists linking it with gestational complications such as macrosomia, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, and cesarean section. Bariatric surgery, a highly effective treatment for obesity, may prevent such complications in subsequent pregnancies. Objective This review seeks to describe the risks and benefits of post-bariatric procedure pregnancies, in comparison to both community and obese cohorts. Results A thorough review of the literature suggests that post-surgery women are not at increased risk for poor perinatal outcomes, and moreover their risks for many obesity-related gestational complications are reduced after bariatric surgery. Data regarding fertility after bariatric surgery are quite ambiguous, however, and studies exist demonstrating both positive and negative associations between weight loss procedures and fertility. Conclusions Clinicians should be aware that data collected on this subject were often gathered from post-op pregnant women provided with good prenatal care and screening for nutritional deficiencies. Although pregnancy after bariatric surgery appears to be safe, providers should take extra care to properly monitor their post-op pregnant patients for appropriate weight gain and nourishment.     

The nature of intrauterine adhesions following reproductive hysteroscopic surgery as determined by early and late follow-up hysteroscopy: clinical implications

Objective To evaluate the rate and characteristics of postoperative intrauterine adhesions (IUA) that might be formed following hysteroscopic reproductive surgery from both a gross and a histologic perspective as determined by early and late follow-up diagnostic hysteroscopy. Methods Retrospective analysis of 61 women wishing a pregnancy and suffering from a significant intrauterine pathology affecting their reproductive outcome were reviewed. All patients were treated hysteroscopically. Subsequently, they were randomly assigned to perform a follow-up diagnostic hysteroscopy at a variable intervals from their initial surgery. Multiple hysteroscopic-guided biopsies from IUA, when present, were obtained in several cases. Twenty patients were in the early group and had follow-up hysteroscopy performed 2–4 weeks after the initial operation. The late diagnostic group consisted of 41 patients with follow-up hysteroscopy at about 12 months (8–16 months). The two groups were similar to composition. Postoperatively, none of the early diagnostic group underwent hysterosalpingography (HSG) whereas all of the late group performed HSG 4 months following the initial surgery, which showed at least one-third of the cavity free of adhesions. When adhesions were present, no effort was made to lyse them. Results At follow-up hysteroscopy, 25% of both groups had no significant adhesions. Grade I adhesions (thin, filmy) occurred in 60% of the early hysteroscopy patients and in only 12% of the late group (P < 0.05). Grade II adhesions were present in 10% of the early group and in up to 41% in the late group (P < 0.05), whereas Grade III adhesions were present in only 5% of the early hysteroscopy group, but in 22% of the late one (P < 0.05). Correlation between hysteroscopic and histologic findings were good in most of cases in both groups. Follow-up to determine the subsequent reproductive outcome revealed similar conception rates in both groups. Conclusion The IUA that might be formed immediately following hysteroscopic reproductive surgery are histologically different from those appearing a longer time after the original operation. Routine early follow-up hysteroscopy can influence the prognosis resulting from the original surgery.     

Kiwi Omnicup versus Malmstrom metal cup in vacuum assisted delivery: a randomized comparative trial

AIM: To compare the success, clinical outcomes, and maternal and neonatal complications between the Kiwi Omnicup and the Malmstrom metal cup in vacuum assisted delivery. METHODS: This was a prospective randomized comparative trial. Women who required vacuum assisted vaginal delivery were randomized into the Kiwi Omnicup (KO) group and the Malmstrom metal cup (MM) group. The vacuum assisted deliveries were conducted according to hospital protocol. Details of the procedure and delivery outcomes including success and complications were analyzed. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-four women were recruited - 85 were assigned to vacuum assisted delivery using the KO and 79 the MM. One hundred percent delivery success was achieved with no significant differences between the two instruments in terms of maternal morbidity (P = 0.66). Six women in the MM group sustained post delivery complications in comparison to five in the KO group. Three babies were diagnosed with birth asphyxia in each group. More babies in the MM group were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (10 babies versus 5 babies) and suffered complications (14 versus 12 babies), compared to the KO group, although the difference was not statistically significant. There were no intrapartum or neonatal deaths and of those admitted to the NICU, all were discharged within a week without any serious consequences. CONCLUSION: Kiwi Omnicup is an effective alternative to the currently available Malmstrom metal cup for vacuum assisted delivery with no increase in maternal or neonatal morbidity or mortality.