抗-HCVELISAS/CO比值与确证试验阳性的相关性探讨

目的探讨抗-HCVELISAS/CO比值与抗-HCV免疫印迹法（RIBA）确证试验阳性的相关性。方法分别采用进口和国产试剂同时筛查34504例无偿献血者血液,结果有反应性标本用RIBA确证试剂进行确证,分析两种ELISA试剂有反应性S/CO阈值及其对确证试验阳性结果的预测率。结果 34504例标本中抗-HCV有反应性92例。国产试剂筛查出有反应性57例,经RIBA确证阳性30例,其中S/CO≥10.0的RIBA确证阳性率96.70%（29/30）明显高于S/CO〈10.0的3.70%（1/27）,两者差异有统计学意义（χ2=45.60,P〈0.0001）;进口试剂有反应性71例,经RIBA确证阳性31例,其中S/CO≥4.0的RIBA确证阳性率96.80%（30/31）明显高于S/CO〈4.0的2.50%（1/40）,两者差异有统计学意义（χ2=60.36,P〈0.0001）。两种试剂同时有反应性标本36例,经RIBA确证阳性30例。结论抗-HCVELISAS/CO比值与确证试验阳性有一定的相关性,通过S/CO比值可以预测抗-HCV阳性。     

The hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitor (BMS-790052) alters the subcellular localization of the NS5A non-structural viral protein

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural (NS) 5A protein plays an essential role in the replication of the viral RNA by the membrane-associated replication complex (RC). Recently, a putative NS5A inhibitor, BMS-790052, exhibited the highest potency of any known anti-HCV compound in inhibiting HCV replication in vitro and showed a promising clinical effect in HCV-infected patients. The precise mechanism of action for this new class of potential anti-HCV therapeutics, however, is still unclear. In order to gain further insight into its mode of action, we sought to test the hypothesis that the antiviral effect of BMS-790052 might be mediated by interfering with the functional assembly of the HCV RC. We observed that BMS-790052 indeed altered the subcellular localization and biochemical fractionation of NS5A. Taken together, our data suggest that NS5A inhibitors such as BMS-790052 can suppress viral genome replication by altering the proper localization of NS5A into functional RCs.     

Predictive value of IgM antibodies to hepatitis C virus in patients with chronic hepatitis C undergoing interferon-α therapy. Analysis by two different methods

SUMMARY. To determine the predictive value of IgM anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing in patients with chronic hepatitis C infections undergoing interferon-α (IFN-α) therapy, IgM anti-HCV reactivity was analysed by two different methods (non-commercial and commercial) in 19 patients and monitored at times 0 (pre-treatment), 3, 6, 12. and 24 months during follow-up. Eight patients were non-responders, five remained in sustained response 1 year after stopping treatment, and six had a relapse. No correlation between alanine transaminase (ALT) levels and IgM anti-HCV reactivity was found by either method in baseline samples. In addition, neither the presence nor absence of IgM anti-HCV in baseline samples, nor the loss of specific IgM reactivity during treatment, had any predictive value. Finally, no other parameters analysed (age, sex, risk group and histological diagnosis), were significantly associated with IgM anti-HCV reactivity in our study. In summary, these results suggest that baseline detection and monitoring of IgM anti-HCV reactivity are not useful in predicting the sustained response to IFN-α therapy in chronic hepatitis C infection.     

不同感染途径的丙型肝炎患者血清HCV RNA及抗-HCV与ALT水平的分析

目的:探讨丙型肝炎(丙肝)患者感染途径与其肝脏病变程度的关系。方法:根据感染途径的不同将210例丙肝患者分输血后丙肝(PTHC组)102例和散发性丙肝(SHC组)108例,应用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)技术、酶联免疫吸附方法(ELISA)和自动生化速率法分别检测两组患者血清中HCV RNA含量、抗-HCV及ALT水平。结果:PTHC组HCV RNA阳性率和ALT的异常率均显著高于SHC组(χ2=23.39,P<0.01和χ2=13.73,P<0.01);HCV RNA阳性患者中,PTHC组的HCV DNA含量均值显著高于SHC组(t=4.29,P<0.01);ALT异常患者中,PTHC组的ALT水平均值显著高于SHC组(t=4.30,P<0.01)。HCV RNA的含量与ALT水平呈正相关(r=0.794,P<0.01)。结论:PTHC组患者病毒血症水平和肝脏功能损害的程度均显著高于SHC组,HCV不同的感染途径可导致患者不同的感染结果。     

HBsAg、抗-HCV反应性无偿献血者归队检测模式探讨

目的：探讨深圳地区无偿献血人群因血液筛查检测 HBsAg 或抗-HCV 呈阳性反应,在规定的条件下允许其再次招回重新检测,以确定是否恢复其献血资格并重新归队献血的检测模式。方法对深圳市2007年10月至2013年12月期间无偿献血人群捐血后 HBsAg、抗-HCV 初筛反应性人员,且符合我中心制定的再次招回重新检测的献血人群进行分析研究,对无偿献血者归队模式的可行性进行探讨。结果2007～2013年期间共计415759人次,HBsAg 检测阳性2506例,抗-HCV 检测阳性1357例,阳性率分别为0.60％和0.33％。笔者对符合召回条件的59例 HBsAg 和16例抗-HCV 阳性反应的多次献血者启动了归队检测的召回流程,HBsAg、抗-HCV 项目分别有31例和9例成功完成检测流程检测项。其中29例曾经 HBsAg 呈阳性反应的献血者重新恢复献血资格,2例因后续检测不合格被屏蔽献血资格,而9例曾经抗-HCV 阳性反应而召回献血者全部恢复其献血资格。结论在现有检测模式下,血液筛查的检测技术手段很难避免因试剂、设备、人员操作等原因造成假阳性反应的发生。为了保护无偿献血人群的献血资格,必须建立一套科学、合理并具有实际操作性的献血者归队检测模式,以保护有限的无偿献血资源。     

肝病与乙型、丙型肝炎病毒感染关系的探讨

本文采用ELISA法对25例慢性肝炎，105例肝硬化，64例肝癌，以及8例急性黄疸型肝炎进行了HBV标志物及抗－HCV的检测，结果：HBV感染率为80．6％，抗－HCV检测阳性率为46％，二者均阳性的双重感染率为32％。其中肝癌组双重感染明显高于肝硬化组，P＜0．001。单纯抗-HCV检出率为10．8％，说明HBV是引起肝炎，肝硬化，肝癌的主要原因，而CV感染也是其致病因素。本文对有输血史的慢性肝炎，肝硬化，肝癌100例进行抗－HCV检测其阳性率为59％，而02例无输血史的肝病患者抗－HCV检出率为25％，输血组抗－HCV检出率明显高于无输血组，P＜0．001。其中慢性肝炎，肝硬化，肝癌病人输血组抗－HCV检出率亦明显高于无输血组，各组P＜0．001，故提示，HCV感染与输血有密切关系。50例HBV标志物阴性的健康献血员抗－HCV阳性率为6％。     

Estimation of IgG subclasses of anti-HCV (C100-3) in non-A,non-B fulminant,acute and chronic hepatitis and it’s significance

To determine whether identification of subclasses of anti-HCV IgG would help distinguish between acute and fulminant hepatitis, we assayed serum IgG subclasses of anti-HCV (C100-3) in non-A, non-B hepatitis. Anti-HCV IgG was restricted to two subclasses in different diagnostic conditions; anti-HCV IgGl and anti-HCV IgG3. Anti-HCV IgGl was the main subclass in acute hepatitis (AH), and was positive in all the cases and only one case was positive for anti-HCV IgG3. Anti-HCV IgG3 was the dominant subclass in fulminant hepatitis (FH). Out of the total 12 cases of FH, who were positive for either anti-HCV IgG or for any of it’s subclasses, in 10 cases (83%), anti-HCV IgG3 had higher optical density (OD) values than anti-HCV IgGl and in 6 cases (50%) was the only subclass of anti-HCV IgG being positive. In 5 cases with FH, anti-HCV IgG3 became positive even when anti-HCV IgG was negative. These findings form the basis of a new observation and are likely to be helpful in the diagnosis of non-A, non-B fulminant hepatitis. This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from viral Hepatitis and Research Foundation of Japan, 1991.     

Thymosin-alpha 1 plus interferon-alpha for naive patients with chronic hepatitis C: results of a randomized controlled pilot trial

Summary.  In this pilot study, we evaluated the efficacy of interferon- α (IFN) plus Thymosin- α 1 (TA1) to that of IFN alone in naive patients with chronic hepatitis C. Twenty-two patients were randomized to receive interferon- α _2b (3 million units three times a week) plus thymosin- α l (900  μ g/m² body surface area) and 19 received interferon- α _2b alone at the same dose. Patients were treated for 6 months and followed up for another 6 months. Biochemical (alanine aminotransferase values) and virological (hepatitis C virus-RNA) responses to treatment were determined. Combination treatment showed significantly higher efficacy than monotherapy in achieving virological end-of-treatment response ( P  = 0.03). At 6-month follow up, the sustained biochemical and virological response was not different between the two groups. Our results indicate that the immune modulator TA1 may enhance the end-of-treatment response in naive patients with chronic hepatitis C. Higher doses and/ore more prolonged courses as well as the association with new interferon formulation such as pegylated interferons could improve the sustained response rates to this treatment.