六味地黄汤联合逍遥散加减治疗肾虚肝郁型围绝经期睡眠障碍临床研究

目的:评价六味地黄汤联合逍遥散加减治疗肾虚肝郁型围绝经期睡眠障碍的有效性和安全性。方法:受试者随机分为两组,试验组予六味地黄汤联合逍遥散加减口服;对照组予戊酸雌二醇联合地屈孕酮序贯口服。试验组以30 d为1个疗程,对照组以21 d为1个疗程,连续治疗3个疗程。观察两组治疗前后PSQI评分、Kupperman评分、中医证候积分、血清FSH、E₂及血尿常规、肝肾功和心电图等指标的变化。结果:试验组总有效率93.3%,对照组90.0%;两组均能明显降低PSQI、改良Kupperman和中医证候评分,在改善中医证候积分方面试验组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。对照组在减低Kupperman评分上优于试验组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组对血清FSH水平均有下调趋势,均可上调血清E₂水平,对照组较试验组对血清E₂上调更明显(P<0.01)。结论:六味地黄汤联合逍遥散加减治疗肾虚肝郁型围绝经期睡眠障碍安全有效。     

布地奈德联合福莫特罗干粉剂在急诊治疗重症支气管哮喘患者中的应用效果评价

目的 观察布地奈德联合福莫特罗干粉剂在急诊治疗重症支气管哮喘患者中的应用效果。方法 参照随机数字表法,将2017年7月—2019年6月在某医院接受急诊治疗的40例重症支气管哮喘患者分为两组,每组各20例。对照组患者采用布地奈德治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合福莫特罗干粉剂治疗。两组患者均治疗1个月,观察两组C反应蛋白(CRP)、血常规水平及肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1与用力肺活量(FCV)比值(FEV1/FCV)和最大呼气流量(PEF)]。结果 治疗期间对照组患者夜间睡眠时憋醒次数为(13.55±3.25)次,观察组患者夜间睡眠时憋醒次数为(5.25±0.95)次;组间相比,差异有统计学意义(t=10.962,P<0.05);治疗后,观察组CRP、白细胞计数、嗜酸性粒细胞比率、淋巴细胞比率分别为:(12.36±1.43)mg/L、(6.31±1.05)×109/L、(4.82±2.03)%、(20.06±2.48)%,均低于对照组的(15.98±1.95)mg/L、(8.59±1.34)×109/L、(6.79±2.68)%、(25.09±3.12)%,(t值分别为6.695、5.990、2.621、5.644,P值均<0.05);治疗后,观察组FEV1、PEF及FEV1/FCV水平分别为:(2.51±0.70)L、(3.28±0.75)L/s、(75.38±8.49)%,均高于对照组(2.02±0.52)L、(2.76±0.66)L/s、(62.63±6.89)%,(t 值分别为2.513、2.328、5.215,P值均<0.05)。结论 布地奈德联合福莫特罗干粉剂在急诊重症支气管哮喘患者的治疗中效果较好,能有效改善CRP及血常规水平,提高肺功能。     

利福霉素类抗生素的晶型与血（尿）药浓度

目的：探讨利福霉素类抗生素的衍生物（利福平,利福定,利福喷丁）的晶型与血（尿）药浓度的关系。方法：通过正常人空腹口服各不同型晶粉,定时收集血、尿标本,用杯碟法测定血、尿药含量。结果：同一药物的不同晶型粉,显示出各自不同的结构图形、溶解度及生物有效度的特性。结论：凡是稳定的晶型均具恒定的结构及生物有效度,利福霉素类药物的含水量,对其晶型的稳定性至关重要,干燥失重,不是越低越好。     

脱脂豆粉对去卵巢大鼠骨质量的保护作用

目的 探讨脱脂豆粉对去卵巢大鼠骨质量减低的预防作用。方法 ３０只３月龄ＳＤ大鼠随机分为３组：假手术（ｓｈａｍ,Ｓ）组、脱脂粉（ｌｉｐｉｄ－ｆｒｅｅ ｓｏｙ ｐｏｗｄｅｒ,ＳＰ）组和酪蛋白（ｃａｓｅｉｎ,Ｃ）组。８周后测骨密度（ＢＭＤ）等指标。结果 ①ＳＰ组的腰椎ＢＭＤ低于Ｓ组（Ｐ〈０．０５）,股骨ＢＭＤ与Ｓ组无差异,两者均高于Ｃ组（Ｐ均〈０．０５）。②ＳＰ组腰椎的抗压强底低于Ｓ组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,股骨的抗弯强度与Ｓ组无差异,两者均高于Ｃ组（Ｐ均〈０．０１）。③ＳＰ组和Ｃ组的子宫重量均代于Ｓ组（Ｐ均〈０．０５）。结论 脱脂豆粉可以预防去卵巢大鼠股骨及部分预防其腰椎骨质量的降低,对子宫无不良影响。     

聚乙烯醇在α-Al_2O_3颗粒上的吸附平衡

考察了温度、悬浮液浓度、相对分子质量对聚乙烯醇 ( PVA)在 α- Al2 O3颗粒上吸附的影响 ,实验测定了相对分子质量为 80 0 0 0和 56 0 0的 PVA在 2 88.1 5K、2 98.1 5K和 30 8.1 5K、α- Al2 O3悬浮液质量浓度为 0 .0 5、0 .1 0和 0 .1 5时的吸附等温线 ,用 Langmuir吸附模型对实验数据进行了关联。结果表明 ,吸附量随悬浮液浓度的增加或温度的升高而降低 ,随 PVA相对分子质量的增加而增加。PVA相对分子质量越大 ,其吸附等温线受温度、悬浮液浓度的影响也越大。     

玉屏风散对强的松反应及NSI型病程的影响——附58例分析

探讨中药玉屏风散加味对强的松不良反应的拮抗作用及对肾病综合征Ⅰ型的病程的影响 ,将病人随机分为玉屏风散加味治疗组(37例 ) 和对照组(2 1例 ) ,观察用药后 2、4、6周自汗、心悸症状及心率变化情况及治疗后 1年内各种感染次数 ,治疗 1年后强的松服药量及 2 4小时尿蛋白定量情况。结果 :治疗第 4、6周自汗、心悸症状发生率及心率治疗组均低于对照组 ,感染次数治疗组低于对照组 ,1年未服强的松量及其 2 4小时尿蛋白量均低于对照组 ,两组数据经统计学处理有显著性差异。结论 :玉屏风散加味能明显减轻强的松引起的自汗、心悸等不良反应 ,减少感染次数 ,缩短NSI型的病程。     

Respiratory health and fluoride exposure in different parts of the modern primary aluminum industry

Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate possible acute and long-term respiratory health effects of work at different working places in the primary aluminum industry. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 78 potroom workers, 24 foundry workers, and 45 carbon-plant workers (n = 147, exposed group), and 56 control workers (watchmen, craftsmen, office workers, laboratory employees) of a modern German prebake aluminum plant. The survey consisted of pre- and postshift spirometric and urinary fluoride measurements. Results: Potroom workers had significantly lower preshift results with regard to forced vital capacity (FVC, 99.5% versus the 107.2% predicted; P < 0.05) and peak expiratory flow (PEF, 85.2% versus the 98.4% predicted; P < 0.01) as compared with controls. In a multiple regression model a small but significant negative correlation was found between postshift urinary fluoride concentrations and FVC, FEV₁, and PEF. Across-shift spirometric changes were observed only in FVC among carbon-plant workers (103.0 ± 13.3% predicted preshift value versus 101.2 ± 13.6% predicted postshift value; P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that lung function impairment in the modern primary aluminum industry may be only partly due to fluoride exposure and that working in aluminum carbon plants may cause acute lung function changes. Received: 8 July 1998 / Accepted: 31 October 1998     

骨立拮抗维甲酸所致大鼠骨质疏松的实验研究

目的　观察骨立对维甲酸所致骨质疏松大鼠的股骨骨密度、骨矿含量的影响。方法　采用ig维甲酸造成大鼠骨质疏松模型 ,使用骨立高、中、低 3种剂量分别进行治疗 ,观察其结果并与空白对照组和阳性对照药物组进行比较。结果　骨立 3个剂量治疗的骨质疏松大鼠的股骨骨密度和骨钙、骨磷含量均明显高于骨质疏松模型组大鼠 (P <0 .0 1或 0 .0 5 ) ,骨立高、中剂量组大鼠的尿钙排泄量明显低于骨质疏松模型组大鼠 (P <0 .0 1) ,其中以高剂量组疗效最佳。结论　骨立可明显提高骨质疏松大鼠的骨密度并升高其骨钙、骨磷的含量 ,降低尿钙排泄量 ,从而拮抗维甲酸所致的大鼠骨质疏松症。     

紫石英和寒水石超微饮片粉末粒径的研究

目的：为矿物类药材超微粉末粒径提供试验数据。方法：采用电镜扫描，X射线定性，原子发射光谱定量。结果：选择粒度为K4的微粉制备超微饮片，Ca^2 成分溶出度较高。结论：使用超微紫石英和寒水石，会减少服用量。     

Effect of aluminum adjuvants on safety and immunogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae type b-CRM197 conjugate vaccine

OBJECTIVE: The present study was carried out to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the Haemophilus influenzae type b-CRM197 (Hib-CRM197) conjugate vaccine in relation to the change of adjuvant from aluminum hydroxide to aluminum phosphate (AlPO4). METHODS: The present study was a clinical phase II, observer-blind, randomized, multicenter, controlled study. Subjects were healthy infants aged 6-12 weeks, eligible for expanded program of immunization (EPI) routine vaccination and admitted to Hacettepe University Department of Social Pediatrics and Gülveren Health Center, Ankara. A total of 520 healthy infants were randomized in a 2:2:1 ratio to receive at either Chiron Hib/AlPO4 vaccine or VaxemHib (aluminum hydroxide adjuvant) vaccine or HibTiter (no adjuvant). Vaccines were administered simultaneously with routine diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTaP) and oral polio vaccine (OPV) vaccines at 2, 4 and 6 months of age. Blood samples for anti-plain polysaccharide (PRP) antibody measurement were collected before the first vaccination and 1 month after the last vaccination. After each vaccination parents filled out a diary for 7 days. RESULTS: Out of 520 subjects enrolled, 514 received three doses and were included for safety analysis. Local and systemic reactions occurred with low and similar frequencies in all groups. Only erythema was more common in Chiron Hib/AlPO4 vaccine (19, 10, 11% in Chiron Hib/AlPO4, VaxemHib and HibTiter, respectively, P < 0.05). Nine serious adverse events were reported in seven cases of which none were related to vaccines. A total of 504 subjects were included in the immunogenicity analysis. The three vaccines were highly immunogenic and equivalent in terms of percentage of acquisition of long-term protective levels. The anti-PRP geometric mean titers were 9.9, 8.3 and 5.14 micro g/mL, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of aluminum compounds adjuvants in Hib-CRM197 conjugate vaccines does not impact the safety profile, while it does increase the magnitude of anti-PRP antibody titers.