XL PCR for the detection of large trinucleotide expansions in juvenile Huntington's disease

Juvenile Huntington's disease (HD) becomes clinically manifest before 20 years of age. The diagnosis of HD is based on family history, characteristic clinical findings, and the detection of an expansion of a CAG polyglutamine tract in the Huntingtin gene. Juvenile HD is characterized by paternal anticipation and large CAG expansions that may be missed using routine molecular analysis. We have developed an easy, rapid, and reliable modified PCR method using XL (Extra Long) PCR that allowed us to diagnose one of the youngest children reported with juvenile HD. Without this innovation we would not have been able to demonstrate the large CAG expansion. This assay could become part of a standard protocol for HD testing in molecular diagnostic laboratories.     

稳心颗粒及合剂对豚鼠急性心肌缺血所致心律失常的影响

目的:观察稳心颗粒(WenXin XL)及加用益气养血药物的稳心合剂对心肌缺血所致心律失常及心肌缺血的药理效应.方法:用垂体后叶素造成豚鼠急性心肌缺血模型,观察颗粒剂及合剂对豚鼠急性心肌缺血引起的心律失常的作用.以及对豚鼠心电图S-T段和T波的影射.结果:颗粒剂及合剂组均能明显降低心律失常发生率,延长心律失常出现时间,缩短心律失常持续的时间,并有明显的抗心肌缺血功效.结论:稳心颗粒及合剂可有效改善心肌缺血后心律失常,并有明显抗心肌缺血的作用.     

地塞米松对P.y17XL感染DBA/2小鼠早期免疫应答的影响

目的探讨地塞米松对约氏疟原虫(Plasmodium yoelii 17XL,P.y17XL)感染DBA/2小鼠早期免疫应答的调节效应机制。方法 6～8周、雌性DBA/2小鼠,随机分为实验组和对照组,经腹腔接种1×106P.yl7XL寄生的红细胞,实验组于感染后第1和2天尾静脉给予地塞米松处理。动态观察各组感染小鼠原虫血症水平和生存率;于感染后第0天、3天和5天分别提取小鼠脾细胞,流式细胞术检测树突状细胞(DCs)亚群(髓样树突与浆样树突)百分比及功能分子的表达,CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T细胞占CD4+T细胞总数的百分比;ELISA法检测脾细胞培养上清中IFN-γ、IL-10的分泌水平;Griess反应检测脾细胞培养上清中一氧化氮(NO)含量。结果与正常感染组相比,地塞米松处理组:①生存率明显降低;②感染后第3和5天脾细胞中两种树突状细胞亚群水平以及DCs表面MHCⅡ类分子和共刺激分子CD86的表达水平显著下降,而CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T细胞仅于感染后第3天降低,而第5天之后则明显升高;③脾细胞培养上清中IFN-γ、IL-10、NO的产生水平均明显降低。结论地塞米松由于显著抑制DBA/2小鼠抵御P.y17XL感染保护性免疫应答的建立,从而致其死亡。     

桑叶水提物及其含药血清化学成分分析

目的:分析并鉴别桑叶水提取物化学成分及其口服后大鼠血清中的成分。方法:采用HPLC对桑叶水提物及灌胃后大鼠血清样品进行分离,用静电场轨道阱组合式高分辨质谱仪进行在线离子检测、二级碎片离子扫描,分析鉴别桑叶水提物体外成分及血中代谢成分。结果:桑叶水提物中初步鉴定了11个化学成分,分别为异绿原酸(1),5,7-二羟基香豆素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2),东莨菪苷(3),绿原酸(4),山柰酚-3,7-二-O-D-吡喃糖苷(5),4-咖啡酰奎宁酸甲酯(6),芦丁(7),金丝桃苷(8),异槲皮苷(9),紫云英苷(10),异鼠李素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(11)。初步鉴定血中成分30个,多为上述苷类的苷元代谢产物,血清中未发现上述11个原型成分。结论:该方法可成功用于桑叶水提物及其口服后血中成分的鉴别,为桑叶进一步的药效研究及二次开发提供了参考。     

硝苯地平及克罗卡因对离体大鼠膀胱和主动脉平滑肌的影响

用体外大鼠胸主动脉条和膀胱条的制备,比较了钙拮抗剂硝苯地平(nifedipine)和钾通道开放剂克罗卡因(cromakalin)对受体激活和KCl引起的平滑肌收缩的作用。结果表明,对NE引起的大鼠主动脉收缩,nifedipine的抑制作用明显强于cromakalim;而用氨甲酰胆碱(carbachol)激动胆碱能M 受体引起大鼠膀胱环形肌和纵形肌收缩时,两者的抑制作用无明显差异。由KCl 27.5mmol·L^-1去极化引起收缩时,nifedipine对大鼠膀胱环形肌、纵形肌及血管这3种组织的舒张作用均明显比cromakalim强。提示:在由受体介导的收缩中,cromakalim对膀胱组织的舒张作用较强,而nifedipine对血管平滑肌则作用更强;但在由KCl去极化引起的收缩中,nifedipine对血管和膀胱这两种组织的抑制作用较强。     

Changes in serum acute phase proteins in breast cancer patients receiving methotrexate infusion therapy

The serum concentrations of six glycoproteins (alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, AGP; haptoglobin, Hp; alpha 1-antitrypsin, AT; ceruloplasmin, Cp; prealbumin, PALB; and alpha 2-macroglobulin, MACRO) have been estimated serially in nine advanced breast cancer patients who received a total of 24 intravenous infusions of methotrexate (MTX). The serum glycoprotein levels taken before the first drug exposure did not relate with the prognosis of these patients. In eight patients, constantly high or rising levels of AGP, Hp and AT during consecutive infusions of the drug were associated with continued metastatic disease. A transient tumour regression occurred in one patient which correlated with falling serum levels of these proteins into the normal range. The serum levels of Cp, PALB and MACRO did not correlate with the clinical status of these patients during treatment. Possible factors which may influence the serum levels of these glycoproteins in cancer patients during therapy are discussed.     

约氏疟原虫17XL和17XNL感染小鼠组织病理学差异研究

目的 观察感染约氏疟原虫17XL(P.y 17XL)和17XNL(P.y 17XNL)小鼠的组织病理学差异.方法 常规腹腔注射感染P.y 17XL和P.y 17XNL,观察感染小鼠原虫率和存活率,以及感染对小鼠贫血、体重的影响;感染后第6天处死小鼠,灌注固定后解剖小鼠取出大脑和脾脏,石蜡包埋切片,HE染色进行组织形态学...