单能量X线测定骨密度的初步分析

目的：了解温州地区人群不同年龄组骨质疏松患病率及同年龄组男女骨质疏松患病的差异，强调早期预防治疗老年人及绝经期妇女骨质疏松的重要性，方法：应用单能量X线（SXA）骨密度仪测量246例正常人的右跟骨骨密度，结果：男性大于60岁组较小于60岁组骨密度（BMD）降低明显（P＜0．05）；女性50岁以上组与小于50岁组相比，BMD下降差异有极显性（P＜0．01）；各年龄组男女相比，男性BMD明显高于女性（P＜0．05）。结论：女性骨质疏松症的发病大多以绝经后为主，雌激素在维持骨量方面具有重要的作用。SXA检测的跟骨含95％小梁骨，能较好地确定骨质疏松的风险水平，且其具有价廉、简便，快捷，较准确等特点，故不失为一种较好的临床筛查手段。     

HBV转录激活蛋白HBx、MHBst78MHBst155真核重组载体构建

目的分别构建人乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)X蛋白、羧基端截断的中分子表面蛋白MHBst78、MHBst155编码基因的真核重组表达载体,以便进一步研究其转录激活功能及对宿主细胞信号传导通路的影响。方法设计合成3对寡核苷酸引物,以adr亚型HBV质粒pHBVDNA为模板,采用PCR法分别扩增HBVX基因、MHBst78与MHBst155编码基因片段;用HindⅢ,KpnⅠ双酶切HBVⅩ基因;用HindⅢ和BamHⅠ双酶切MHBst78与MHBst155编码基因片段后,分别定向插入到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1相应酶切位点,转化宿主菌JM109,提取质粒,分别用上述内切酶酶切及DNA测序鉴定重组质粒。结果酶切重组体显示所切下的片段大小均与预计相符,测序结果与文献报道序列及预计结果一致。结论成功构建了HBVX基因、羧基端截断的HBV中分子表面蛋白MHBst78、MHBst155编码基因的真核重组表达载体,为进一步研究HBV转录激活蛋白HBx、MHBst78MHBst155对宿主细胞信号转导通路的影响奠定基础。     

无精子及严重少精子症的遗传学缺陷分析

目的 探讨遗传缺陷在无精子、严重少精子症中的检测意义。方法 采用细胞遗传学技术及多重聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术对65例无精子及严重少精子症患者进行染色体核型分析、Y染色体无精子因子(AZF)检测，同时行精索输精管诊察，阴性者行精液果糖定量实验。结果 染色体核型异常8例(12．3％)，AZF因子缺失7例(10．8％)，输精管缺如2例(3.1％)。结论 遗传学检测在男性无精子、严重少精子症有重要意义。     

钡灌肠和CT及MRI对结直肠癌诊断的比较影像学研究

目的比较钡灌肠(BE)、计算机X线断层扫描(CT)和磁共振成像(MRI)对结直肠癌检查的临床价值。方法对64例经临床拟诊结直肠癌患者的影像学资料进行对比分析。结果64例患者中39例行BE检查,31例行螺旋CT检查,42例行MRI检查。其中经手术病理证实的结直肠癌54例。BE、CT和MRI对结直肠癌检查的敏感度分别为96.9%、96.2%和97.1%;准确度分别为92.3%、83.9%和90.5%。CT和MRI对结直肠癌T分期诊断的准确度分别为73.1%和82.9%。结论BE是结直肠癌的基本影像学检查方法,CT和MRI是BE必要的补充检查手段,BE加MRI是诊断结直肠癌的优选组合检查方法。     

Orthotopic placement of the dunning R3327 AT-3 prostate tumor in the copenhagen X fischer rat

Orthotopic placement of in vitro propagated Dunning R3327 AT-3 tumor cells resulted in a greater percentage of tumor takes and a two-fold shift in the exponential growth curve compared to flank implantation. The orthotopic tumor appeared to disseminate preferentially to regional lymph nodes, rather than to the lungs which is characteristic of flank tumors. The results suggest an important role of stromal-epithelial interactions in the growth of this tumor. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Identification of cultured male epidermal allografts by detecting Y chromosome DNA fragments in female burn victims

ltiswellknownthattheskinofextensivelyburnedcasesthemselvesisinsufficienttoprovidecoverageforwounds.Thoughallogeneicskincancoverthewoundstemporari1y,itwillberejectedwithin2-3weeks.Thiscanthreatenthepatient'slifeifthereisnoenoughautogenousskintoreplacetherejectedoneontime.GreenetalL1]reportedthattheburnwoundsofpatientswithextensiveburnscouldbetreatedbytransplantingepidermalautograftsafterautologousepidermalcellsmulti-plyforthousandsoftimesinvltrowithinashortperiodoftime-Butittakesatleast2-3weeks…     

Reizhusten, Belastungsdyspnoe und zystische Lungenveränderungen bei einem 28jährigen Patienten

Zusammenfassung Eine neu aufgetretene Dyspnoesymptomatik und eine symmetrische, apikal betonte retikulonodul?re Zeichnungsvermehrung im R?ntgen-Thorax bei jungen rauchenden Erwachsenen müssen an das seltene Krankheitsbild der pulmonalen Histiocytosis X denken lassen. Klinischer Befund, laborchemische- und Lungenfunktionsuntersuchungen zeigen unspezifische Befunde. Neue radiologische Verfahren wie die hochaufl?sende Computertomographie (HRCT) leisten bei gezielter Indikationsstellung eine entscheidende differentialdiagnostische Hilfestellung. Dieser Fall verdeutlicht die M?glichkeit einer Diagnosesicherung durch transbronchiale Biopsien unter Verzicht auf offene Lungenbiopsien. Eine ambulante Diagnostik war m?glich, das h?here Risiko eines operativen Eingriffes konnte vermieden werden. Die Indikation zur Therapie ist nicht gesichert und wird daher durch den Grad der subjektiven bzw. funktionellen Einschr?nkung sowie den Verlauf bestimmt.     

Absent chondrodysplasia punctata in a male with an Xp terminal deletion involving the putative region for CDPX1 locus

This is a follow-up report on a male patient with a 46, Y, r(X) karyotype. Although he had no clinico-radiological features of X-linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata (CDPX1), molecular studies revealed an Xp terminal deletion involving the putative region for the CDPX1 locus (PABX-DXS31). We suspect that the absence of CDPX1 may be attributable to the nature of the disease and the extreme short stature of the patient (mean – 5.6 S.D.). © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

The Lewis blood group--a new genetic marker of ischaemic heart disease.

In a cohort of 3383 men aged 53 to 74 in the Copenhagen Male Study we investigated the association between ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and the Lewis blood group, assigned to chromosome 19. Among men with the Le(a-b-) phenotype, 8% had a history of non-fatal myocardial infarction, among others the frequency was 4%. The corresponding odds ratio was (95% confidence interval: CI) 1.9 (1.2-3.0) P < 0.01, men with Le(a-b-) had a risk-factor profile and pattern of disease resembling that of Reaven's syndrome X. In a subsequent prospective study 343 men with arteriosclerotic stigmas were excluded. The men had their morbidity and mortality recorded over the next 4 years. One-hundred-and-one men suffered IHD; 26 dying from IHD. In total 162 men died. Men with Le(a-b-) had an increased risk of death from IHD compared with others. Adjusted for age, relative risk (RR) (95% CI) was: 4.4 (1.9-10.3), P < 0.001, and for all causes of mortality: RR = 1.6 (1.0-2.6), P < 0.05. Men with the Le(a-b-) phenotype had an increased risk of an IHD event compared to men with other phenotypes (RR = 1.6 (0.9-2.8), P = 0.10) and a significantly higher IHD case fatality rate (RR = 2.8 (1.5-5.2), P = 0.01). The finding that the Le(a-b-) phenotype is a genetic marker of IHD risk may have implications in terms of prevention. The Le(a-b-) phenotype may also contribute to providing an explanation for the substantial ethnic differences found in the incidence of IHD. The similar risk-factor profile and pattern of disease found between Le(a-b-) men and individuals with Reaven's syndrome X is hypothesized to be due to a close genetic relationship on chromosome 19.