复方天棘胶囊对老龄鼠血气影响的研究

本研究选用昆明种老龄鼠５０只，随机分为正常对照组、阳性对照组和复方天棘胶囊高、中、低剂量组；每组１０只。观察灌服复方天棘胶囊溶液对实验性老龄鼠血气的影响。结果表明，老龄鼠灌服２．０、１．０和０．５ｇ／ｋｇ体重复方天棘胶囊溶液及５．０ｇ／ｋｇ体重红参水煎液１０天后，复方天棘胶囊各剂量组均有不同程度的升高动脉血氧分压（ＰａＯ＿２）和血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ＿２）的作用；且随剂量的递增，ＰａＯ＿２和ＳａＯ＿２明显升高，其中高剂量组升高ＰａＯ＿２和ＳａＯ＿２的作用最为明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）；红本组ＳａＯ＿２也有明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示复方天棘胶囊具有升高ＰａＯ＿２和ＳａＯ＿２的作用。     

成人斯蒂尔病1例

成人斯蒂尔病起病原因及发生机制仍不清楚,临床主要表现为发热、关节痛、皮疹,且有白细胞、血清铁蛋白等指标增高,但缺乏针对该病的特定诊断指标,导致临床漏诊、误诊比率较高。通过查阅相关文献,发现本病内镜下报道资料较少。本文就1例成人斯蒂尔病病例及胃镜下表现进行报道,并结合AOSD相关诊断指标、治疗方面的最新进展进行归纳,旨在为临床诊疗本病寻求更精准的选择。     

金茵利胆胶囊的体外抗炎活性评价及其谱效关系研究

目的 评价金茵利胆胶囊的体外抗炎活性,并研究其抗炎谱效关系。方法 建立LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞炎症模型,通过检测细胞上清中NO、TNF-α和IL-6等指标的含量来评价金茵利胆胶囊的抗炎活性。在此基础上,采用均匀设计法制备金茵利胆胶囊组成饮片的不同配伍样本,采用高效液相法建立均匀设计样品的指纹图谱,对均匀设计样品进行抗炎活性测定;以细胞上清液中NO、TNF-α和IL-6的抑制率为药效指标,与共有峰峰面积经灰色关联分析构建抗炎谱效关系。结果 金茵利胆胶囊提取物（0.25~1.00 mg/mL）能显著降低LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞分泌NO、TNF-α和IL-6。经对照品比对指认出其中7个色谱峰,分别为新绿原酸（9号峰）、绿原酸（13号峰）、隐绿原酸（14号峰）、1, 3-二咖啡酰奎宁酸（16号峰）、对羟基苯乙酮（17 号峰）、柚皮苷（21 号峰）、新橙皮苷（23 号峰）。抗炎谱效关系结果表明,共有峰均具有一定的抗炎贡献度,其中共有峰峰21（柚皮苷）、峰23（新橙皮苷）与3个细胞炎症指标的关联度均大于0.74。结论：金茵利胆胶囊发挥抗炎作用是多种成分共同作用的结果,为金茵利胆胶囊抗炎药效物质基础及其质量控制提升提供参考。     

Histological score for cells with irregular nuclear contours for the diagnosis of reflux esophagitis in children

Histological criteria for the diagnosis of reflux esophagitis include basal zone hyperplasia, stromal papillae elongation, and inflammatory infiltrate. However, endoscopic esophageal biopsy specimens may include little or no lamina propria. Intraepithelial T lymphocytes, seen in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections as cells with irregular nuclear contours (CINC), may have a higher density in children with esophagitis. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of a numerical score built up by grading the "classical" parameters and its correlation with CINC density in grasp biopsy specimens obtained from children undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy with and without esophagitis. We analyzed esophageal biopsy specimens from 349 children (median age, 5 years) subdivided in 4 groups according to the previous routine histology report: group 1, 144 children with esophagitis; group 2, 65 controls; group 3, 51 children with dubious esophagitis; and group 4, 75 children with esophagitis on endoscopy but a normal histology report. A numerical value was assigned to each parameter; the sum of these values represented the histological score. We also evaluated intraepithelial CINC density (ie, number of CINC per high-power field). We separately analyzed histological sections with and without lamina propria. For both total score and for CINC density, we calculated a cutoff using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Cutoffs of 6 for score and of 4 for CINC density provided the best sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity of the histological score was better in biopsy specimens containing lamina propria (94%) than in those without lamina propria (4%). Sensitivity of CINC density was satisfactory in both specimens with (78%) and without (75%) lamina propria. Specificity was satisfactory for both parameters. In conclusion, when lamina propria was present in sections of endoscopic esophageal biopsy specimens, histological score provided a better diagnostic accuracy for the diagnosis of esophagitis. However, when no lamina propria was present, as was the case in 67% of our children, CINC density had better sensitivity. In addition, this latter parameter showed esophageal mucosa damage in 34% of previously dubious cases or cases with esophagitis at endoscopy but a previous routine histology report of normal mucosa.     

Early Resistance to experimental plague in animals immunized with recombinant plague vaccine

The protective properties of recombinantSalmonella minnesota R595/pFS1 strain soon after immunization (1–3 days) are studied in a model of experimental mouse plague. Unlike the commercial EV strainYersinia pestis vaccine produced at the Saratov Anti-Plague Institute (Mikrob Research-Manufacturing Conglomerate), the experimental recombinant p preparation affords a high level of protection from the 1st day postvaccination, and surpasses the commercial preparation in such parameters as LD₅₀, mean survival time, and percentage of survivors. By the 21st day the protective indexes of both preparations are comparable. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny,Vol. 119, N ^o 1, pp. 54–57, January, 1995 Presented by A. A. Vorob'ev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Distribution of the largest neuron in mouse caudate-putamen nucleus: Its position in large-cell — Medium-cell clusters

Summary The position of the largest striatal neuron within territories delimited by medium-sized clustered neurons was charted in Nissl-stained sections through the mouse caudate-putamen nucleus. Medium-sized neuron somata occur in close proximity to this large cell at some point in the anteroposterior, mediolateral or dorsoventral extent of its soma. The size of the network of medium-sized neurons associated with the large cell may vary from two to 15 neurons. Even when this network is extensive, the large neuron is never completely surrounded. Most often, this cell also borders a fascicle of internal capsule fibers, and the entire cellular island may be aligned either parallel to or perpendicular to the orientation of these fibers. These findings suggest the hypothesis that cellular territories in the caudate-putamen nucleus have a very specific orientation in three dimensional space.     

益骨胶囊含药血清对共育体系中破骨细胞活性和凋亡的影响

目的： 观察益骨胶囊含药血清在成骨-破骨细胞共育体系中对SD大鼠破骨细胞（OC）活性和凋亡的影响。 方法： (1)取1d龄SD大鼠颅骨分离培养成骨细胞（OB），取5d龄SD大鼠四肢股骨、胫骨分离培养OC，建立细胞上清相通但细胞间不相互混杂的平面式成骨-破骨细胞共育体系，实验分为含药血清组和对照组；（2）将10月龄SD雌性大鼠分为益骨胶囊灌胃组和生理盐水对照组，制备含药血清和对照血清；（3）重氮盐法检测抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）和光镜观察骨陷窝数；（4）光镜和荧光显微镜下观察共育体系中OC凋亡情况。 结果： 含药血清组在48 h、72 h、96 h对成骨-破骨细胞共育体系中OC分泌TRACP的活性均明显降低于对照组，OC的存活数明显低于对照组，OC的凋亡率明显高于对照组且呈明显的时效关系；所形成骨吸收陷窝的数目明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。 结论： 益骨胶囊含药血清在共育体系中能够抑制OC活性，诱导破骨细胞的凋亡。     

菊藤胶囊对应激大鼠血压、血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ和血液流变学的影响

目的观察中药复方菊藤胶囊对慢性应激性高血压大鼠血压、血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）及血液流变学的影响。方法大鼠随机分为6组（每组7只）：应激＋蒸馏水组（model），应激＋菊藤胶囊高剂量组（JT—H），应激＋菊藤胶囊中剂量组（JT—M），应激＋菊藤胶囊低剂量组（JT—L），应激＋卡托普利组（captopril），正常对照组（control）；除正常对照组外，其余5组均采用低频低压交流电间断电击法。电击大鼠足底28d，制作应激性高血压模型，同时各组均加入不同的干预。后应用经尾动脉测量血压和心率，酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测大鼠血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ，血液流变学和细胞流变学的各项指标。观察比较菊藤胶囊不同剂量组、卡托普利组对应激致大鼠血压及相关指标的影响。结果与正常对照组相比，模型组大鼠血压和血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ含量明显升高（P〈0．01）。全血黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原及红细胞聚集指数均明显升高（P〈0．05），红细胞变形指数无变化。与模型组相比，菊藤胶囊高、中组均能抑制应激大鼠的血压及血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ含量的升高（P〈0．01），菊藤胶囊高剂量能明显改善应激大鼠的血液流变性（P〈0．05），低剂量组应激大鼠的血液流变学无明显改变（P〉0．05）。结论菊藤胶囊能够降低应激性高血压大鼠的血压，其机理可能是通过降低血浆中血管紧张素Ⅱ的含量和改善血液流变和细胞流变性实现的。     

人和大鼠腰椎关节突关节的SP能神经纤维的分布

目的：证实支配腰椎关节突关节的神经支配和化学性质，方法：用逆行荧光素标记结合免疫组化法，研究７只大鼠腰部脊神经节细胞的周围突分支投射到腰椎关节突关节及其递质性质以及３例人腰椎关节突关节囊上神经末梢的化学性质，结果：发现大鼠一侧Ｌ５和Ｌ６之间的关节突关节受同侧Ｌ２－５节段的脊神经节的部分细胞周围突分支支配，其中有３３．３９９％的中型和小型细胞为中ＳＰ能免疫反应阳性，人的关节突关节囊含有ＳＰ阳性的神经     

Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction of the Optic Canal‐Based on Multislice Helical CT: A Comparison Analysis with Skull Dissection of 40 Postmortem Cases

Decompression operation of the optic canal via the nasal path under endoscope is widely used, but it is both a challenging and controversial method. Unsatisfactory results were largely associated with otolaryngologists' limited understanding of the real anatomical situations of the optic canal before operation. To provide otolaryngologists with the real situations and data preoperation, multislice helical CT was used to reconstruct the images of the optic canal. Using multislice helical CT‐aided three‐dimensional reconstructive methods in combination with direct anatomic measurement, we dissected and analyzed the shape of the optic canal and its anatomic relationship with the adjoining structures in 40 intact postmortem skull samples. The In‐Space technique clearly showed the structure and the related region of the optic canal. The virtual endoscopy technique showed superbly the spatial appearance and topography of the inner optic canal and also gave the inner structure of the optic canal optically. There was no statistic difference in three‐dimensional reconstructive data with that obtained by anatomical measurements and thus can be used to directly instruct the clinic operation. These results demonstrate that a combined In‐Space technique with virtual endoscopy can accurately define the subtle structure and the related region of the optical canal. In conclusion, multislice helical CT‐based three‐dimensional reconstruction is of important value for clinical operations. Anat Rec, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.