超声WI技术在脉象客观化研究中的应用

目的：探讨瞬时波强（WI）技术在脉象客观化研究中的可行性。方法：72例健康受试者应用ALOKA Prosoundα7彩色多普勒超声诊断仪进行颈动脉WI检测,同步应用双DDMX-100脉象仪进行寸口脉、趺阳脉的脉象参数检测,分析三者各参数的相关性。结果：WI参数与脉象参数之间具有显著相关性,寸口脉与趺阳脉的脉象参数之间呈显著正相关。结论：WI技术有助于完善脉象的客观化研究。     

Delphi在24小时动态心电监护系统软件分析中的应用

在回放式２４ｈ 动态心电监护系统中，需要对大量的数据进行处理和分析，从而实现对心电信号的检测，分类，心律失常分析，心律变异分析，报表打印功能。本文介绍了利用面向对象的Ｄｅｌｐｈｉ 开发工具和其内置数据库引擎（ＢＤＥ） 来实现上述功能，并介绍了利用Ｄｅｌｐｈｉ 来进行心电信号波形浏览控件研制，使之可成为生物医学虚拟仪器中的医学信号波形浏览控件。     

Continuous wave Doppler umbilical artery blood flow velocity wave forms in drug addicted mothers

Summary Continuous wave Doppler umbilical artery blood flow velocity wave form is presented in 14 drug addicted mothers between 22–40 weeks of gestational age from New York City. The mean S/D ratio ranged from 2.36 to 4.30. Doppler study of the fetal umbilical artery could be a valuable addition for assessment of fetal well being in drug addicted mothers.     

心-踝血管指数与颈动脉内膜中膜厚度在动脉硬化评价中的诊断效度比较

目的通过对新近开发应用的动脉硬化度测定指标——心-踝血管指数与已用于临床多年的颈动脉内膜中膜厚度两种非侵袭性测定方法的各自优势与不足的比较,获得各自的诊断效度,从而向临床医师提供依据,以求在今后的动脉硬化度评价中能够更为客观地反映临床实际。方法对受检的同时具备有心-踝血管指数和颈动脉内膜中膜厚度检查报告的连续病人183例,各自左右侧测定值的差异度进行了比较。按相差百分比的不同进行区段划分,求出各自区段内所出现的频数,由此比较不同相差百分比区段时各自出现的频度百分比。在30例连续的无动脉硬化危险因素和动脉硬化疾病的人群及42例冠状动脉狭窄和47例已患脑梗死的患者人群中,分别进行心-踝血管指数和颈动脉内膜中膜厚度各自特异度和敏感度的比较。并作出各自的ROC曲线,比较各自的曲线下面积。结果心-踝血管指数测定值左右两侧差异度在5%和10%以内的出现频度分别为86.7%和99.1%,而颈动脉内膜中膜厚度测定值其两侧浮动幅度在10%以内的人数仅占24.6%,浮动度>20%而≤30%之间者占66.6%,甚至有8.8%的受检个体其两侧测定值的差异度超过了30%。即两侧测定值的不一致程度内膜中膜厚度要远远大于心-踝血管指数测定...     

代谢综合征与肱-踝脉搏波传导速度的相关性研究

目的分析查体人群肱-踝脉搏波传导速度（baPWV,Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity）的变化与代谢综合征（MS,Metabolic Syndrome）及其它影响因素的关系。方法对某单位1003名查体人群统一进行代谢综合征评估（中华医学会糖尿病学会标准）并行baPWV检查。根据baPWV数值将男女各分4组,将相关代谢指标代入多元逐步回归方程,得到baPWV分级的独立危险因素。同时根据不同异常代谢组份数量,将男女各分5组,比较各组间baPWV差异。结果多元逐步回归分析提示在男性人群中年龄、收缩压、口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）2h血糖（2hBG）是baPWV分级的独立危险因素;在女性中年龄、收缩压、高血压史是baPWV分级的独立危险因素。在总体人群中,baPWV检测值随着异常代谢组份的增多而增加（P〈0.01）。结论年龄、收缩压、口服葡萄糖耐量试验2h血糖及高血压病史是baPWV的独立危险因素,随着代谢综合征异常组份的增多baPWV数值逐渐增加。     

Potential and limitations of wave intensity analysis in coronary arteries

Wave intensity analysis (WIA) is beginning to be applied to the coronary circulation both to better understand coronary physiology and as a diagnostic tool. Separation of wave intensity (WI) into forward and backward traveling components requires knowledge of pulse wave velocity at the point of measurement, which at present cannot accurately be determined in human coronary vessels. This prompted us to study the sensitivity of wave separation to variations in wave speed. An estimate of wave speed (SPc) was calculated based on measured distal intracoronary pressure and Doppler velocity in normal and diseased coronary vessels of patients during hyperemia. Changes of the area under separated WI waveforms were determined for a range of wave speeds from 25 to 200% of the calculated value. Variations in wave speed between half to twice the calculated value did not substantially alter separated WI. In conclusion, although SPc lacks accuracy in determining local coronary wave speed it is within limits still applicable for wave separation in coronary WIA.     

Correlação entre a Circunferência de Cintura e Medidas Centrais da Pressão Arterial

Background:Arterial stiffness is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Body fat measures such as waist circumference (WC) have been associated with CVD in adulthood.Objectives:The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of arterial stiffness, measured by applanation tonometry-Sphygmocor, with WC.Methods:Observational study with 240 participants who make routine consultations at the outpatient clinic of a university hospital. Participants were interviewed and had central blood pressure measurements (CBPM), anthropometric parameters, abdominal fat and visceral fat measured. Paired and unpaired t and chi-square tests were used. A significance level of 5% was adopted.Results:Of the 240 participants, 51.82% were male with a mean age of 59.71(±14.81) years and a mean WC of 99.87 (11.54) cm. Mean CBPM values were: Central arterial pressure (CAP) = 130.23 (91-223) mmHg, pulse wave velocity (PWV) = 9.8 (5.28-19.6)m/s and Augmentation Index [Amplification Index (AI)] = 29.45 (-14-60). PWV and CAP were highly correlated with WC with p<0.001 and p=0.02, respectively; however, the same positive correlation was not found between WC and AI (p=0.06).Conclusion:The present study showed a positive association between WC and arterial stiffness, through the femoral carotid pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and AI, being stronger with cf-PWV, suggesting the evaluation of the effect of WC in vascular health as a method of aid in the early treatment of CVD and in the prevention of clinical outcomes.     

Assessment of Structural Heterogeneity and Viscosity in the Cervix Using Shear Wave Elasticity Imaging: Initial Results from a Rhesus Macaque Model

Shear wave elasticity imaging has shown promise in evaluation of the pregnant cervix. Changes in shear wave group velocity have been attributed exclusively to changes in stiffness. This assumes homogeneity within the region of interest and purely elastic tissue behavior. However, the cervix is structurally/microstructurally heterogeneous and viscoelastic. We therefore developed strategies to investigate these complex tissue properties. Shear wave elasticity imaging was performed ex vivo on 14 unripened and 13 misoprostol-ripened cervix specimens from rhesus macaques. After tests of significant and uniform shear wave displacement, as well as reliability of estimates, group velocity decreased significantly from the distal (vaginal) to proximal (uterine) end of unripened, but not ripened, specimens. Viscosity was quantified by the slope of the phase velocity versus frequency. Dispersion was observed in both groups (median: 5.5 m/s/kHz, interquartile range: 1.5–12.0 m/s/kHz), also decreasing toward the proximal cervix. This work suggests that comprehensive assessment of complex tissues such as cervix requires consideration of structural heterogeneity and viscosity.