Ⅵ型分泌系统研究进展

VI型分泌系统(Type VI secretion system,T6SS)是存在于约25%革兰阴性细菌中的一种分泌系统。研究表明T6SS不仅具有对抗其他细菌和杀伤真核宿主细胞的能力,还与细菌的生存及致病能力等方面有着密切的联系。T6SS在不同菌种中表达与功能差异较大,多种致病菌T6SS得到了广泛的研究及讨论。本文主要对T6SS的结构、表达及其功能进行综述,为后续相关研究提供思路。     

Muscle diseases with prominent joint contractures: Main entities and diagnostic strategy

Muscle diseases may have various clinical manifestations including muscle weakness, atrophy or hypertrophy and joint contractures. A spectrum of non-muscular manifestations (cardiac, respiratory, cutaneous, central and peripheral nervous system…) may be associated. Few of these features are specific. Limb joint contractures or spine rigidity, when prevailing over muscle weakness in ambulant patients, are of high diagnostic value for diagnosis orientation. Within this context, among several disorders, four groups of diseases should systematically come to mind including the collagen VI-related myopathies, the Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophies, the SEPN1 and FHL1 related myopathies. More rarely other genetic or acquired myopathies may present with marked contractures. Diagnostic work-up should include a comprehensive assessment including family history, neurological, cardiologic and respiratory evaluations. Paraclinical investigations should minimally include muscle imaging and electromyography. Muscle and skin biopsies as well as protein and molecular analyses usually help to reach a precise diagnosis. We will first describe the main muscle and neuromuscular junction diseases where contractures are typically a prominent symptom of high diagnostic value for diagnosis orientation. In the following chapters, we will present clues for the diagnostic strategy and the main measures to be taken when, at the end of the diagnostic work-up, no definite muscular disease has been identified.     

续断“发汗”前后HPLC指纹图谱与细胞增殖分化药效的谱效关系研究

目的研究续断"发汗"前后水煎液HPLC指纹图谱与促进大鼠成骨细胞、人成骨样MG-63细胞增殖药效的谱效关系,寻找续断发汗前后发挥药效的物质基础,为明确"发汗"对药效的影响提供依据。方法采用DAD检测器建立续断"发汗"前后水煎液的HPLC指纹图谱,采用灰色关联度分析法建立其谱效关系。结果 14和4号峰代表的化学成分与成骨细胞的增殖分化及MG-63细胞的增殖都具有较高的关联度,关联度均在0.7以上。与成骨细胞增殖、MG-63细胞增殖、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性3个药效指标关联度排序比较靠前的特征峰有14、4、6、16、13、11、5号峰。结合前期研究推断,这些峰可能为川续断皂苷VI、绿原酸、马钱苷、川续断皂苷IV同分异构体、川续断皂苷X、异绿原酸C、咖啡酸。结论川续断皂苷VI、绿原酸、马钱苷、川续断皂苷IV同分异构体、川续断皂苷X、异绿原酸C、咖啡酸可能是续断"发汗"前后影响细胞增殖分化作用的主要物质基础,进而影响其药效。     

重楼多指标UPLC定量分析及其化学品质综合评价

目的探讨10种重楼药材中7种有效成分含量,并进行化学成分整合评控,为其资源评价提供了科学依据。方法收集不同产地55批重楼药材,采用UPLC法测定重楼皂苷Ⅰ、重楼皂苷Ⅱ、重楼皂苷Ⅵ、重楼皂苷Ⅶ、薯蓣皂苷、重楼皂苷H、纤细薯蓣皂苷的含量,进一步采用TOPSIS数学模型对含量结果进行归一化与多指标数据集成化,获得重楼中7种指标的化学品质综合指数。结果 10种重楼药材的综合评价排名由高到低依次为长柱重楼(Ci=0.275 5)多叶重楼(Ci=0.273 2)大理重楼(Ci=0.269 8)滇重楼(Ci=0.244 5)南重楼(Ci=0.234 5)狭叶重楼(Ci=0.159 1)黑籽重楼(Ci=0.141 6)矮重楼(Ci=0.117 8)七叶一枝花(Ci=0.115 1)毛重楼(Ci=0.114 9),表明不同种重楼化学综合质量差异较大,其长柱重楼、多叶重楼和大理重楼的化学综合质量优于滇重楼,南重楼与滇重楼的结果较为接近,可作为滇重楼资源扩充的优势品种。结论通过TOPSIS整合评控对重楼类中药材的质量评价有一定的参考依据。     

川续断皂苷Ⅵ对小鼠成肌细胞成骨分化的影响

目的 探讨川续断皂苷Ⅵ对小鼠成肌细胞成骨分化的作用及影响.方法 配制浓度为1×10-8～1×10-3 mol/L的川续断皂苷Ⅵ药物溶液,用细胞计数试剂盒8检测其对小鼠成肌细胞的细胞毒性和增殖能力.然后用碱性磷酸酶活性分析确定促进其成骨分化的最佳浓度.最后采用免疫印迹分析、实时定量PCR和茜素红染色观察成骨分化效果.结果...     

Are lasers superior to lights in the photoepilation of Fitzpatrick V and VI skin types? – A comparison between Nd:YAG laser and intense pulsed light

Background and objectives: There are no large volume comparative studies available to compare the efficacy of lasers over lights for hair removal in Fitzpatrick V and VI skin types. This study is designed to compare the efficacy of Nd:YAG laser versus IPL in the darker skin types. Study design/materials and methods: Thirty-nine patients included in Group-1 were treated with Nd:YAG and 31 in Group-2 with IPL. Both groups received 5 sessions of treatment. The hair counts were assessed using digital photography and manual counting method before and after treatment and the results were analysed. Patient satisfaction scores and pain scores were recorded in each session and compared. Results: Mean hair reduction in the IPL group was 25.70 and Nd:YAG group was 24.12 (95% CI). In the Nd:YAG group, 59% of subjects had burning sensation while the figure was 32.3% in IPL group. Burning was less in IPL group (p < 0.023). There were no statistically significant differences noticed regarding hyperpigmentation in both the groups (p < 0.115). Conclusion: Both Nd:YAG and IPL are equally effective for epilation of the darker skin types. Nd:YAG is associated with mild burning sensation in a significant number of patients. Patient satisfaction scores were comparable in both the groups.     

Crosslinking of extracellular matrix proteins: a preliminary report on a possible mechanism of argon laser welding

In order to elucidate the biochemical mechanism of laser welding of tissues, we have compared protein profiles from argon laser-treated specimens with controls. Extracellular matrix components from untreated and laser-welded skin and blood vessels were extracted with guanidine hydrochloride and separated by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. When compared with matched, untreated tissues, protein electrophoretic profiles from laser-treated samples showed several changes. In both tissue types, argon laser treatment decreased the concentration of a 235 kd protein that migrates between the alpha and beta chains of type I collagen. Laser-treated blood vessels showed significantly more low molecular weight protein at the dye front than in control tissue, whereas significantly more high molecular weight protein appeared in laser-treated skin samples when compared with untreated tissue. These results suggest that the argon laser may either degrade or crosslink proteins in vivo. Laser-induced protein crosslinks may be the biochemical basis of argon laser welding.