Post-laparoscopic mesh in post-menopausal umbilical hernia repair: A case series

Abstract

We evaluated the efficacy and safety of the use of a composite PTFE/polypropylene patch, Ventralex (Davol Inc., C.R. Bard, Inc., RI, USA), to repair, concurrent with laparoscopy, umbilical hernia in 51 postmenopausal women. After laparoscopy, patients were submitted to the hernia repair by a patch intraperitoneally placed behind the hernia. Primary outcomes included complication rates, while hernia recurrence was the secondary outcome. Patient age range was 58 ± 4.3 years, the size of patches was small in 17.6% of women, medium in 68.7% and large in 13.7%. Seventy-six percent of patients had an ASA I–II score, the mean operating time for hernia repair was 7 ± 2 minutes with 15 cc of related blood loss, with 1.8 days of hospital stay. The visual analogue scale was 0–3 for 62.7%, 4–6 for 27.5% and 7–10 for 9.8% of women. All laparoscopic and umbilical hernia repair terminated without any further intra or postoperative complications, with 36 months of follow-up; none of the patients showed recurrences. Combining laparoscopy and intraperitoneal mesh repair appears to be indicated for umbilical hernia treatment in post-menopausal patients undergoing laparoscopy, resulting in a safe and easy procedure, with short hospital stay and fast dismissal, with no major morbidity or recurrence.     

Fetal and perinatal stem cells in cardiac regeneration: Moving forward to the paracrine era

Cardiovascular disease (CD) is a major burden for Western society. Regenerative medicine has provided encouraging results, yet it has not addressed the focal defects causing CD and mainly related to the inefficient repair programme of the heart. In this scenario, stem cells have been broadly investigated and their paracrine effect proposed as a possible working strategy to boost endogenous mechanisms of repair and regeneration from within the cardiac tissue.The scientific community is now focusing on identifying the most effective stem cell secretome, as the whole of bioactive factors and extracellular vesicles secreted by stem cells and endowed with regenerative potential. Indeed, the adult stem cell-paracrine potential for cardiac regeneration have been widely analyzed with positive outcome. Nevertheless, low yield, invasive sampling and controversial self-renewal may limit adult stem cell application. On the contrary, fetal and perinatal stem cells, which can be easily isolated from leftover sample via prenatal screening during gestation or as clinical waste material after birth, can offer an ideal alternative. These broadly multipotent immature progenitors share features with both adult and embryonic stem cells, show high self-renewal, but they are not tumorigenic neither cause any ethical concern. While fetal and perinatal stem cells demonstrated to improve cardiac function when injected in the injured heart, the comprehensive characterization of their secretome for future applications is still at its infancy.In this review, we will discuss the paracrine potential of the fetal and perinatal stem cell secretome to provide cardiac repair and resurge the dormant mechanisms of cardiac regeneration for future therapy.     

新生儿ABO溶血病相关性研究

目的 研究母婴血型、孕期血型抗体效价、胎儿性别、胎儿血型、羊水性质、脐血胆红素、脐血溶血三项实验与新生儿ABO溶血病的相关性.方法 分析我院568例ABO血型不合孕妇及其分娩的新生儿病例,根据母婴血型、是否发病来分组分析.结果 母婴血型不同组脐血血清胆红素浓度、新生儿ABO溶血病(ABO-HDN)的发生率及新生儿高胆红素血症发生率均显著高于母婴血型相同组;当孕期血型抗体效价≥1/128时,新生儿患ABO-HDN的几率明显增加;A型血的胎儿更易患新生儿溶血病,胎儿性别及羊水性质与新生儿溶血病的发生无明显相关性.结论 孕期血型抗体效价、胎儿血型、脐血胆红素和脐血溶血三项均与新生儿ABO溶血病有密切相关,根据检测结果可提前预防疾病的发生.     

人脐带间充质干细胞定向诱导分化成类神经元的实验研究

目的:采用不同细胞因子定向诱导人脐带间充质干细胞分化成类神经元,为脐带间充质干细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤提供理论依据。方法:采用Ⅱ型胶原酶消化法分离培养人脐带间充质干细胞,采用流式细胞术鉴定细胞。取第5代细胞随机分成A、B、C、D 4组,在A组基础培养基中加入b FGF,B组中加入b FGF和BDNF,C组中加入b FGF、BDNF和BHA诱导培养,D组为对照组,使用含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM-F12培养基培养。诱导2周后采用实时荧光定量PCR检测细胞的nestin、NEFH和GFAP mRNA表达情况,并通过原子力显微镜观察细胞超微结构的的变化。结果:Ⅱ型胶原酶消化法能成功分离人脐带间充质干细胞。通过流式细胞术检测第3代细胞发现,细胞均强表达CD29、CD44和CD105,而CD34、CD45和HLA-DR均未见表达。经定向诱导分化成类神经元后,原子力显微镜观察细胞表面突起增多,实时荧光定量PCR检测显示nestin在A、B、C组均呈阳性表达,NEFH在A、B组呈阳性表达,而GFAP在A、B、C、D 4组均不表达。A、B组n EFH和nestin表达具有显著差异(P﹤0.05)。结论:本实验成功分离培养人脐带间充质干细胞,所培养的细胞扩增迅速,生物学性状稳定;与b FGF单独处理相比,b FGF联合BDNF更能有效诱导人脐带间充质干细胞分化成类神经元。     

Sensory Innervation of the Female Human Umbilical Skin: Morphological Studies

Background: Sensory stimuli are conducted by several cutaneous sensory nerves and tactile corpuscles. The latter are specialized sensory organs that represent the starting point of many afferent sensory pathways. To date, our knowledge about the distribution of the sensory innervation in the umbilical skin of females is incomplete.

Aim of the study: To elucidate the morphology of the cutaneous innervation of the normal female umbilical skin.

Materials and methods: Biopsies of normal umbilical skin were obtained from female patients undergoing umbilical hernial repair. The specimens were processed for both immunohistological (antibodies against PGP9.5, pan-neuronal marker, and S-100 protein, marker of Schwann cells) and ultrastructural (transmission electron microscopy) examinations.

Results: The authors found abundant genital end-bulb-like structures, numerous epidermal and dermal Merkel cells, Meissner and Ruffini corpuscles, intraepidermal nerve terminals, and multiple free nerve endings surrounding the ducts and acini of the sweat glands.

Conclusions: The umbilical skin of females has abundant sensory innervation similar to that of the glans penis.     

小鼠睾丸支持细胞对人脐带间充质干细胞增殖能力的影响

目的 探讨睾丸支持细胞（SCs）对体外培养人脐带间充质干细胞(hUCMSCs）增殖能力的影响。方法 体外分离培养并鉴定hUCMSCs和SCs;
Transwell-insert系统共培养SCs 和hUCMSCs（共培养组）;普通DMEM-F12培养基培养的hUCMSCs作为对照（对照组）;添加细胞因子
(白细胞介素-3,粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子) 的DMEM-F-12培养基培养的hUCMSCs作为阳性对照 (细胞因子组）。用流式细胞术、免疫细胞
化学等方法检测SCs对hUCMSCs增殖、细胞周期、表面标记分子表达的影响,透射电镜观察细胞超微结构。结果 与对照组相比,共培养组和细胞
因子组hUCMSCs增殖明显加快,以共培养组尤为显著（P<0.05）;共培养组和细胞因子组hUCMSCs 表面分子CD29和CD105阳性率均增高;细胞周
期分析显示,共培养组G₀/G₁期细胞数与对照组相比无明显改变,而细胞因子组略有减少。透射电镜观察对照组与共培养组细胞均呈现原始细胞
的超微结构特点。结论 SCs共培养可促进hUCMSCs增殖,且共培养后仍保持其干细胞特性。     

超声检测胎儿脐动脉血流对预测帆状胎盘孕妇预后的价值

目的 超声检测胎儿脐动脉血流对预测帆状胎盘孕妇预后的价值.方法 95例单胎妊娠合并帆状胎盘孕妇,根据妊娠结局分为妊娠结局良好组51例和不良组44例;孕检正常的孕妇100例为对照组,应用脉冲多普勒获得胎儿脐动脉收缩末期峰值与舒张末期峰值的比值（S/D）,测量阻力指数.结果 妊娠结局不良组脐动脉S/D和阻力指数高于对照组及妊娠结局良好组 （P＜0.05）.随着胎儿脐动脉S/D增高,胎儿分娩周数提前,胎儿妊娠结局不良率增高.S/D＜3时,胎儿宫内情况良好;S/D为3～4时,胎儿预后不良率约29.4％,其中以轻度不良为主;S/D＞4时,胎儿预后不良率87.5％.结论 超声提示帆状胎盘时,胎儿脐动脉血流参数对监测胎儿宫内情况及预测胎儿妊娠结局具有一定的临床价值.     

脐血干细胞与骨髓干细胞联合移植治疗大鼠急性肝衰竭实验研究

目的：观察脐血干细胞和自体骨髓干细胞共同移植治疗D-半乳糖苷所致急性肝衰竭大鼠的疗效。方法采集大鼠脐血和骨髓中单个核细胞,以促肝细胞生长因子和干细胞因子培养3w,采用免疫细胞化学法检测白蛋白和甲胎蛋白表达情况;以D-半乳糖苷腹腔注射法建立大鼠急性肝衰竭模型,24 h后每日经鼠尾静脉分别注入脐血干细胞,或骨髓干细胞,或混合的脐血干细胞和骨髓干细胞,对照组注射等量生理盐水,治疗7d,观察4组大鼠存活率、肝功能和肝组织病理学变化。结果在促肝细胞生长因子及干细胞因子的诱导下,脐血干细胞和骨髓干细胞可以在体外扩增并分化为肝细胞;脐血干细胞移植、骨髓干细胞移植和联合细胞移植组大鼠9d 存活率分别为55.6%、50.0%和77.8%,均明显高于生理盐水对照组（16.7%,P〈0.01）;联合移植组存活率高于任何一种单纯干细胞移植（P〈0.01）。结论脐血干细胞和骨髓干细胞移植对大鼠急性肝损伤有一定的保护作用,两者联合移植有协同作用。