Complex Ph1 translocation in chronic myeloid leukemia

This report describes a new case of chronic myeloid leukemia with an unusual Philadelphia chromosome translocation involving chromosomes No. 4,9, and 22; t(4,9,22) (q31;q34;q11).     

Origins of the projections of the superior colliculus to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and the pulvinar in the rabbit

The origins of the projections of the superior colliculus to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and to the pulvinar in Dutch-belted rabbits were investigated using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) methods. Following injections of HRP in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, retrogradely labeled neurons were found in the upper two-thirds of the stratum griseum superficiale of the ipsilateral superior colliculus. Most of the labeled somata were spindle-shaped, and their major axes tended to be perpendicular to the surface of the superior colliculus. In contrast, following injections of the pulvinar, labeled neurons were found in the lower third of the ipsilateral stratum griseum superficiale. In these cases, the labeled somata were larger than those labeled following dorsal lateral geniculate injections and were multipolar in shape.     

Transcatheter arterial embolization of abnormal neovessels in a swine model of knee arthritis

BackgroundIn recent years, transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) using imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS) has attracted attention as a treatment for relieving osteoarthritis (OA) pain. However, IPM/CS is not approved by Japanese medical insurance for use as an embolic material. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new embolic materials for TAE to relieve OA pain. The purpose of this study was to develop a swine model of knee arthritis and embolize abnormal neovessels (ANs) using two different embolic materials. We compared the embolic effects and tissue damage in knees.MethodsKnee arthritis was induced by intra-articular injection of papain into 12 knees in six female swine. The swine were divided into two groups of three swine each (six knees per group) for embolization of ANs in the knees with either IPM/CS or soluble gelatin sponge particles (SGSs). Three days after embolization, we compared the embolic effects using angiography and the tissue damage histopathologically.ResultsANs were observed in all 12 knees at 42 days after papain injection. The ANs disappeared and the patent arteries were recanalized 3 days after TAE in all 12 knees. Histopathological evaluation revealed synovitis changes, such as synovial thickening and inflammatory cell infiltration, in all 12 knees. There was no evidence of skin or muscle necrosis in either group. The appearance of ANs, recanalization of the parent arteries, and histopathological outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups.ConclusionSGSs were as safe as IPM/CS for TAE of ANs in this swine model of knee arthritis.     

Adrenaline turnover rates in the medial preoptic area and mediobasal hypothalamus in relation to the release of luteinizing hormone in female rats

The turnover rates of adrenaline in the medial preoptic area and mediobasal hypothalamus, areas which, respectively, include the cell bodies and terminals of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons, have been measured in female rats on pro-oestrus, the day of the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone, and on dioestrus, the preceding day. A rise in the rate of turnover was found in the medial preoptic area coinciding with the surge of luteinizing hormone in the late afternoon of pro-oestrus; the rate of turnover at this time was higher than at the same time on dioestrus. No changes in turnover rate were found in the mediobasal hypothalamus within either of these days.The results indicate that the adrenaline-containing projections to the preoptic area may be actively involved in the production of the spontaneous preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone in rats.     

Sister chromatid exchanges in patients with retinoblastoma

Spontaneous and mitomycin C(MMC)-induced sisyer chromatid exchanges were studied in 11 patients with retinoblastoma and 7 normal controls. Spontaneous rates were similar in patients and in controls. The MMC-induced rate was found to be significantly higher in bilaterally affected patients than in controls. It is suggested that this increase may be due to a DNA repair deficiency. However, it is not possible to clarify wether this abnormality is associated with the retinoblastoma gene or with another factor acting on the degree of expressivity of the disease in gene carriers.     

重组小鼠干细胞逆转录病毒载体高效基因转染CD41+、UT7、U937和MDA-MB-435细胞

目的:研究重组小鼠干细胞逆转录病毒载体介导基因转染,探索一条高效基因转染的途径,为重组小鼠干细胞逆转录病毒载体在基因转染中的应用提供理论依据和奠定实验基础。方法:①逆转录病毒载体的构建:EC1-4(repeats1-4ofcadherin-5extracellulardomains)基因克隆产物和mutant(Ser222A)MEK1基因克隆产物,Bg1Ⅱ和EcoRⅠ限制性内切核酸酶切割后,克隆进入逆转录病毒表达载体pMSCV。②CD41⁺细胞的获取和细胞培养:从脐带血分离的CD34⁺细胞通过TPO诱导表达CD41,FACS分离CD41⁺细胞。高糖DMEM培养液培养NIH3T3和MDA-MB-435细胞,U937细胞培养在RPMI-1640培养液,UT7细胞是细胞因子依赖性细胞株,Iscove'smodifiedDulbeco's培养液中加入GM-CSF。③测定病毒滴度:逆转录病毒载体转入包装细胞293,36h后收集病毒上清液,感染NIH3T3细胞,流式细胞仪测定病毒滴度。④Westernblot:基因转染CD41⁺、UT7、U937和MDA-MB-435细胞,Westernblot检测基因产物的表达。结果:293细胞产生高滴度MEK1pMSCV病毒:3.1×10⁷,高滴度EC1-4pMSCV病毒:1.0×10⁸。用稀释8倍的病毒转染基因,重组逆转录病毒MEK1pMSCV转染白血病细胞株UT7和U973,GFP阳性细胞(转染阳性细胞)分别是60.73％、72.56％。重组逆转录病毒MEK1pMSCV转染原代培养细胞CD41⁺,GFP阳性细胞为30.57％。重组逆转录病毒EC1-4pMSCV转染人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-435,GFP阳性细胞为97.54％。TPO作用CD41⁺和UT7细胞以及血清对U973细胞的作用,显示出外源mutationMEK基因的dominantnegative的效应,实验组磷酸化的MEK1减少。EC1-4基因转染的MDA-MB-435细胞表达了EC1-4基因产物。结论:重组小鼠干细胞逆转录病毒载体能高效基因转染CD41⁺、UT7、U937和MDA-MB-435细胞,转染的基因能稳定地表达。     

The dual effect of L-proline on spreading depression in the chicken retina

Evidence was presented for a glutamate agonistic effect of L-proline which promotes K+-based spreading depressions (SD) in chick retinas at relatively high concentrations (5 mM), in addition to an antagonistic effect which inhibits glutamate-based SDs at lower (2 mM) concentrations. Together these effects explain the observed biphasic effect of L-proline on the incidence of SD in the retina.     

A portable device for the rapid concentration of viruses from large volumes of natural freshwater

A portable device for the rapid concentration of viruses from natural freshwaters described and its performance in field use is evaluated. The system handled up to 500 litres of water in less than 90 min at a cost of only 2 pounds per sample. Where the samples contained sufficient bacteriophages for detection by direct plating the apparent phage recoveries were greater than 75%. Plant and animal viruses were also concentrated from waters with this system.