Associations between objective afternoon and evening physical activity and objective sleep in patients with fibromyalgia and insomnia

Patients with fibromyalgia (FM) suffer from chronic pain, which limits physical activity and is associated with disturbed sleep. However, the relationship between physical activity, pain and sleep is unclear in these patients. This study examined whether actigraphic (Actiwatch‐2, Philips Respironics) afternoon and evening activity and pain are associated with actigraphic sleep. Adults with FM and insomnia complaints (n = 160, mean age [M_age] = 52, SD = 12, 94% female) completed 14 days of actigraphy. Activity levels (i.e., activity counts per minute) were recorded, and average afternoon/evening activity for intervals 12:00–3:00 PM, 3:00–6:00 PM and 6:00–9:00 PM was computed. Multiple linear regressions examined whether afternoon/evening activity, pain (daily evening diaries from 0 [no pain sensation] to 100 [most intense pain imaginable]), or their interaction, predicted sleep onset latency (SOL), wake time after sleep onset (WASO), total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE). Greater afternoon activity was independently associated with lower SE (B = ?0.08, p < .001), lower TST (β = ?0.36, standard error [SE] = 0.06, p < .001) and longer WASO (B = 0.34, p < .001). Greater early evening activity was independently associated with lower SE (B = ?0.06, p < .001), lower TST (β = ?0.26, SE = 0.06, p < .001) and longer WASO (B = 0.23, p < .001). Self‐reported pain intensity interacted with afternoon and early evening physical activity, such that associations between higher activity and lower SE were stronger for individuals reporting higher pain. Late evening activity was not associated with sleep outcomes. Results suggest that in FM, increased afternoon and early evening physical activity is associated with sleep disturbance, and this relationship is stronger in individuals with higher pain.     

天麻钩藤饮加减对妊娠期高血压疾病患者RSS系统的影响

目的观察天麻钩藤饮加减对妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)患者RSS系统的影响。方法将160例HDCP患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各80例。对照组给予硫酸镁注射液静脉滴注;治疗组在硫酸镁注射液治疗基础上加用天麻钩藤饮加减治疗。于两组治疗前和治疗72 h后比较血压、24 h尿蛋白定量及血清肾素活性(PRA)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)水平变化。结果两组治疗后收缩压和舒张压与治疗前比较均明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗后,治疗组收缩压和舒张压显著优于对照组,与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。两组治疗后24 h尿蛋白定量与治疗前比较均明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗后,治疗组24 h尿蛋白定量显著优于对照组(P0.01)。治疗后,治疗组血清肾素活性(PRA)和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)下降明显(P0.01)。结论在硫酸镁解痉药物治疗基础上应用天麻钩藤饮加减治疗HDCP能够显著改善患者血压和24 h尿蛋白定量,其作用可能与降低血清PRA和AngⅡ水平有关。     

Social cognitive correlates of device-measured and self-reported physical activity in Black and White individuals with multiple sclerosis

BackgroundThere is increasing research interest regarding physical activity behavior among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), yet there is little known about physical activity and its correlates in Black persons with MS.ObjectiveThis cross-sectional study assessed associations among social cognitive theory (SCT) variables and device-measured and self-reported physical activity in samples of Black and White persons with MS.MethodsParticipants included 67 Black and 141 White persons with MS who wore an ActiGraph accelerometer on a belt around the waist measuring moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for seven days and completed a battery of questionnaires. Questionnaires included demographic and clinical characteristics, leisure-time exercise, exercise self-efficacy, overcoming barriers self-efficacy, function, social support, exercise outcome expectations, and goal setting and planning.ResultsBlack participants with MS engaged in significantly less MVPA, but not sedentary behavior or light physical activity, than the White participants with MS. Black participants further had significantly lower levels of exercise self-efficacy and outcome expectations than the White sample. All SCT correlates were significantly correlated with self-reported physical activity, but only exercise and barriers self-efficacy, perceived function, and exercise goal setting were associated with device-measured MVPA. The difference in physical activity between Black and White participants with MS was accounted for by differences in exercise self-efficacy and outcome expectations.ConclusionsResearchers should consider developing behavioral interventions that target exercise self-efficacy and outcome expectations as SCT variables for increasing physical activity in Black persons with MS.