Quantitative analysis of paradoxical inward rib cage movement during sleep in children

Paradoxical inward rib cage movement in children is quantified by the labored breathing index (LBI) on the respiratory inductive plethysmography. Labored breathing index during rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) in 59 children without obvious sleep disordered breathing (SDB) declined with age, and decreased to the mature low level at 35 months of age. The LBI was also found to reflect well the severity of SDB. Paradoxical inward rib cage movement, which was quantified by LBI, is concluded to be an important finding in diagnosing SDB in child patients.     

Esophageal pressure and apnea hypopnea index in sleep-disordered breathing

Severity of negative esophageal pressure (Pes) and apnea hypopnea index (AHI) were investigated in six cases of upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) and 11 cases of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The severity of negative Pes was represented by the highest peak (Pes Max) and the number of increased episodes (more than 13.5 cmH2O) per h (NPesI13.5). There was no significant correlation between Pes indices and AHI. Pes Max and NPesI13.5 were not different among severe OSAS (AHI > 30), mild OSAS (AHI < 30) and UARS. Apnea hypopnea index failed to represent the severity of negative Pes, which is an important aspect of the pathophysiology of sleep-disordered breathing.     

Body mass index percentiles among adolescent girls living in Edirne, Turkey

BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) is the simplest way to measure obesity; therefore, it is chosen by many authorities as a screening method for adolescent obesity. Body mass index is positively correlated with the complications of childhood and adolescent obesity, such as hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, hyper-tension and long-term development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study was to produce percentile curves for bodyweight, height and BMI in a representative sample of adolescent girls living in urban and rural areas of Edirne, Turkey, and to compare these percentile curves with curves from other countries. METHODS: The present study was a cross-sectional study, including a representative sample of 1687 adolescent girls from rural and urban areas of Edirne, who were evaluated between May and July 2001. Bodyweight and height were measured using standard procedures. Body mass index (kg/m2) was calculated as the ratio of bodyweight to body height squared. Smoothed percentiles for these variables were calculated using polynominal regression models. Crude weight, height and BMI percentile values, as well as smoothed percentile curves are presented. RESULTS: Body mass index, weight and height reference curves for adolescent girls were produced. When we compared the BMI values of subjects in the present study with those of other countries, 85th and 95th percentiles of BMI in the present study were found to be generally lower than those for other ethnicities. CONCLUSION: Our findings show ethnic differences in BMI among adolescent girls. It will be usefull for each country to produce its own BMI percentiles.     

结直肠癌组织中Survivin表达与细胞增殖的关系

目的 :探讨结直肠癌组织中Survivin表达的临床病理学意义及其与癌细胞增殖的关系。方法 :免疫组织化学染色方法 (SP法 )检测 10 6例结直肠癌组织中Survivin、Ki 6 7、P5 3的表达 ,分析Survivin表达与Ki 6 7增殖指数、P5 3表达及各临床病理因素的关系。结果 :Survivin阳性表达结直肠癌的Ki 6 7增殖指数 (4 1.31%± 19.83% )明显高于Survivin阴性者 (2 6 .2 1%± 2 0 .36 % ) ,Survivin表达与肿瘤细胞增殖呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。Survivin表达与P5 3表达无显著相关。Survivin在结直肠癌组织中的表达率为 6 4 .2 % (6 8/10 6例 ) ,癌旁形态学正常的结直肠粘膜未见Survivin表达 ;Survivin在中高分化结直肠癌表达阳性率 72 .4 % (6 3/87例 ) ,明显高于低分化结直肠癌 (2 6 .3% ,5 /19例 ) ,P <0 .0 5。此外 ,Survivin表达与患者性别、肿瘤位置、浸润深度、淋巴结转移、远处转移以及Dukes’分期无显著相关 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :凋亡抑制蛋白Survivin在结直肠癌组织中阳性表达率为 6 4 .2 % ,与细胞分化程度有关 ,可促进结直肠癌细胞的增殖     

Changes in patterns of left ventricular hypertrophy after aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis and regurgitation with St. Jude Medical cardiac valves

In this study, we analyzed the extent and pattern of regression of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy after aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) and compared the results with those of another group of patients with aortic regurgitation (AR). Seventy patients who underwent isolated aortic valve replacement were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 was comprised of 29 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis, and Group 2 of 41 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement for aortic regurgitation. A third group of 10 healthy subjects served as a healthy control group. Echocardiographic studies were done before the operation and 5 years postoperatively. At follow-up, a significant reduction in the left ventricular mass was found in both groups, but it remained significantly greater than in the healthy control group. The ratio of LV wall thickness to radius (th/r) in Group 1 decreased significantly, and at follow-up it was within the normal value. In Group 2, the th/r ratio increased, and at follow-up it was within the normal value. After aortic valve replacement, the wall thickness remained significantly greater than normal for patients with AS, and the chamber radius remained significantly greater than normal for patients with AR. For these reasons, LV hypertrophy still existed in both groups at postoperative follow-up. The actuarial survival rate was 85.3% at 16 years for Group 1 and 83.4% at 18 years for Group 2. There was no significant difference in the long-term survival rates between the 2 groups. Actuarial freedom from valve-related events was 91.9% at 16 years for Group 1 and 82% at 18 years for Group 2. There was no significant difference in the valve-related event free curves between groups. After 5 years of follow-up, th/r reached normal for both groups, indicating remodeling of the LV geometry after aortic valve replacement.     

二子阳宝的药理实验研究

二子阳宝能明显提高去势雄性小鼠副性器官和提肛肌指数；明显增加性交配功能；并能增强肾阳虚小鼠的耐缺氧，抗疲劳能力。     

肿瘤内血流检测对卵巢肿瘤定性诊断的研究

目的：评价多普勒血流显象技术检测卵巢肿瘤内血流定性诊断卵巢肿瘤的价值。方法：对疑诊卵巢肿瘤的75例（其中53例卵巢良性肿瘤和22例恶性肿瘤）于术前1w内行C超检查及肿瘤内血流检测，并与术后组织病理学诊断对照。结果：53例卵巢良性肿瘤中的21例（39．62％）及22例卵巢恶性肿瘤中的21例（95．45％）C超均显示其结构鼻常；在21例卵巢良性肿瘤内检测到血流高峰收缩速度（PSV）的均值为14．2±8．1cm／s，阻抗指数（RI）均值为0．478±0．119。当以PSV＝16cm／s为卵巢良、恶性肿瘤的界值时，PSV诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的敏感性和特异性率分别为90．91％和90．57％；当以RI＝0．72为卵巢良、恶性肿瘤的界值时，RI诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的敏感性和特异性率分别为86．36％和69．81％；C超诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的敏感性和特异性率分别为95．45％和71．70％。三者的敏感性差异无显著性，而PSV诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的特异性率明显高于RI和C超检查者，差异具有显著性（P＜0．05）。结论：用多普勒血流显象技术检测卵巢肿瘤内异常。流的PSV，对预测卵巢肿瘤性质具有一定的临床意义。     

妊高征患者合体滋养细胞质膜部分生化指标的变化

目的：研究妊高征（ＰＩＨＳ）患者胎盘合体滋养细胞质膜（ＳＴＣＰＭ）中生化指标的变化及原因。方法：ＰＩＨＳ２４例，其中轻度８例、中度７例、重度９例，以正常孕妇１８例作对照，用Ｗｈｉｔｓｅｔ等法制备ＳＴＣＰＭ，以孔雀石绿无机磷法（ＭＧＩｏＰＡ）测定ＡＴＰａｓｅ的活性，用ＤＰＨ荧光探针测定膜的微粘度来推断膜的流动性，用硫代巴比妥酸荧光微量测定法测丙二醛酸（ＭＤＡ）以代表脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）。结果：ＰＩＨＳ组Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ、Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性均显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），且随病情加重而降低，膜的流动性亦显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＭＤＡ则显著增高，且随病情加重而增高；ＭＤＡ与两种ＡＴＰ酸呈负相关关系（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＰＩＨＳ的ＳＴＣＰＭ生化指标发生变化，其变化的原因之一是脂质过氧化作用增强     

A longitudinal,functional study of peripheral nerve recovery in the mouse

Objectives: To verify the validity of the recently described sciatic functional index for mice to monitor neuronal functional recovery over time using a blinded, randomized, and controlled evaluation. Study Design: Surgery was performed on the left sciatic nerves of 62 C57/BL mice after randomly assigning them to one of four surgical groups: sham surgery, sciatic nerve crush, nerve transection without repair, and nerve transection followed by epineurial suture repair. Sciatic functional indices were measured before surgery and then after surgery at 10-day intervals for 90 days, using a previously described formula. Results: Sham surgery did not affect nerve function when compared with preoperative values (P > .24). Crush surgery produced a reversible nerve injury that fully recovered after 20 days. Nerve transection without repair resulted in complete functional disability without recovery of function during the 90-day follow-up interval. When transected nerves were repaired, complete functional disability was noted at day 10, with subsequent functional recovery to 26% of function at day 30. This level of recovery persisted until the 60th postoperative day when muscle contractures resulted in progressive worsening of the index. There were statistically significant differences between the sciatic functional indices of each of the groups (P < .05). Conclusions: The previously described sciatic functional index for mice is an accurate indicator of the level of sciatic neuronal function during recovery. This index represents a method of evaluating neuronal function that may provide a better reflection of the recovery parameters that are important in clinical situations. The sciatic functional index will allow for study of sciatic nerve functional recovery in genetically engineered transgenic mice.     

应用皮肤试验抑制指数评价阿伐斯汀的起效时间

目的皮肤试验抑制指数(Skin Test Inhibition Index,STII)是评价抗组胺药疗效的一个药效学指标,本试验以阿伐斯汀为例应用STII方法评价抗组胺药阿伐斯汀的起效时间。方法选择27例花粉症病人,分为阿伐斯汀组(24例)和安慰剂组(3例),并分别于服药前及服药30、90min后观察受试者的过敏原皮试反应,计算STII值,并将STII达到10的时间定为起效时间。结果安慰剂组前后过敏原皮试风团无显著差异,而阿伐斯汀组30、90min后,STII值分别为22.2、237.7。故可初步认为阿伐斯汀的起效时间小于30min。结论 STII可做为评价抗组胺药起效时间的客观指标之一。