黄芪沙参煎剂对博莱霉素诱导的大鼠肺纤维化模型的干预作用

目的：观察中药黄芪沙参煎剂对肺纤维化大鼠病理、肺泡灌洗液中细胞因子（TGF-β1）表达的影响,探讨黄芪沙参煎剂作用机制,为其临床治疗肺纤维化提供实验依据。方法：取体重190-210g的健康雌性SD大鼠90只,采用随机数字表随机分为6组,每组15只。博莱霉素（B组）、黄芪沙参煎剂高剂量组（H组）、中剂量组（M组）、低剂量组（L组）、强的松组（P组）、生理盐水组（N组）,各组大鼠于造模后第7、14和28天分别随机处死5只。行HE染色、Masson三色染色;右肺支气管肺泡灌洗,收集灌洗液（BALF）,用ELISA法测BALF上清液细胞因子TGF-β1的表达。结果：H组、M组、P组与B组早期肺泡炎和晚期肺纤维化程度比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;第7、14、28天P组、H组、M组的BALF中TGF-β1水平与Β组相比差异有显著统计学意义（Ρ〈0.01）。结论：黄芪沙参煎剂具有与强的松相似的疗效,但副反应小、服用方便,可以明显减少肺泡炎症及肺纤维化形成。黄芪沙参煎剂治疗肺纤维化机制可能与早期抑制炎症细胞浸润,减少炎症细胞分泌释放细胞因子TGF-β1,从而抑制成纤维细胞产生胶原和ECM积聚,起到对肺纤维化的治疗作用。     

罗格列酮钠对葡萄糖胺诱导的HIT-T15细胞超微结构损伤的保护作用

目的:观察罗格列酮钠(RSGN)对葡萄糖胺(GLcN)诱导的HIT-T15细胞超微结构损伤及其保护作用。方法:以叙利亚仓鼠胰岛β细胞株HIT-T15细胞作为研究对象,实验分组:正常对照组;GLcN+高浓度葡萄糖培养组;GLcN+高浓度葡萄糖+RSGN10-6M培养组;GLcN+高浓度葡萄糖+RSGN10-8M培养组。各组培养48h,透射电镜观察HIT-T15细胞线粒体超微结构。结果:透射电镜观察HIT-T15细胞,GLcN组可见凋亡细胞及较多的坏死细胞,多数线粒体模糊不清,个别线粒体有肿胀,核周隙变宽内质网空泡变性的病理变化;RSGN10-8M组的HIT-T15细胞超微结构病变明显减轻,与RSGN10-8M组比较,RSGN10-6M组病变无明显改变。结论:GLcN可使胰岛β细胞株HIT-T15细胞超微结构损伤,RSGN可部分地阻止这种损伤的形态改变,且和其剂量有一定关系。     

电针对角叉菜胶致炎大鼠的抗炎效应及对白细胞介素-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α的影响

目的:观察电针对角叉菜胶致炎大鼠的治疗作用,并探讨电针抗急性炎症的部分机理。方法:正常Wistar大鼠分别在电针、消炎痛和罗非昔布预处理5 d后致角叉菜胶急性炎症模型。电针刺激"曲池"穴,刺激参数为:连续波,频率2 Hz,强度5 mA,时间30 min,每天1次,连续5 d;消炎痛和罗非昔布预处理分别以7.5 mg/kg灌胃,每天1次,连续5 d;另一组大鼠在相同造模后进行即刻电针处理(参数同电针预处理组)。以毛细管放大法检测足跖肿胀度,ELISA法检测炎症足爪PGE2、IL-1β和TNF-α水平,RT-PCR法检测足爪炎症组织IL-1βmRNA、TNF-αmRNA表达。结果:电针可有效抑制角叉菜胶致炎大鼠足跖肿胀,尤以造模后2、3 h最为显著;可降低大鼠炎症足爪组织中的PGE2水平;不同时段电针介入治疗均能下调炎症足爪组织中IL-1β和TNF-α水平,但以造模后治疗为佳;电针对足爪炎症组织IL-1βmRNA、TNF-αmRNA表达产生不同程度的下调作用。结论:电针对角叉菜胶致炎大鼠急性炎症具有良好的抗炎效应,并通过抑制局部促炎症因子(如IL-1β、TNF-α)的生成与表达而控制炎症的发展。     

Anti-osteoporotic effect of Erythrina variegata L. in ovariectomized rats

The present study was designed to investigate whether Erythrina variegata L. (EV), which belongs to the leguminous family, exerted any beneficial effects on bone in ovariectomized rats. Daily oral administration of the EV extract at 300 and 600 mg/kg for 14 weeks to rats prevented the OVX-induced increase in the serum OCN, ALP, and urinary DPD levels. Histomorphometric analysis of the proximal end of the tibia showed that the EV extract prevented the estrogen deficiency-induced decrease in trabecular thickness and trabecular area, as well as restoring the increase in trabecular separation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the EV extract improved the energy absorption and stiffness of the mid-shaft of the rat femur. Thus, the present study clearly demonstrated that EV could suppress the high rate of bone turnover induced by estrogen deficiency, inhibit bone loss and improve the biomechanical properties of bone in the OVX rats.     

杜仲苷对炎性环境下软骨细胞的增殖和Ⅱ型胶原蛋白分泌的影响

目的：观察杜仲苷对IL-1β刺激大鼠体外软骨细胞的增殖及Ⅱ型胶原蛋白分泌的影响。方法：利用IL-1β刺激建立体外大鼠软骨细胞炎性模型,实验分为空白组、IL-1β组、10μM杜仲苷组、100μM杜仲苷组、500μM杜仲苷组、1000μM杜仲苷组;空白组加入10%FBS培养液,IL-1β组加入10ng/mL IL-1β＋10%FBS培养液,4个不同浓度杜仲苷组分别加入10μM、100μM、500μM、1000μM杜仲苷＋10ng/mL IL-1β＋10%FBS培养液,分别培养48小时,采用CCK8检测软骨细胞增殖活力及Ⅱ型胶原蛋白的分泌。结果：IL-1β组的OD值低于空白组（P〈0.05）;4个不同浓度杜仲苷组的OD值均高于IL-1β组（P〈0.05）,且存在一定的量效关系;4个不同浓度杜仲苷组的Ⅱ型胶原蛋白表达均高于IL-1β组（P〈0.05）,且存在有一定的量效关系。结论：杜仲苷可以提高体外大鼠软骨细胞炎性环境下的增殖活力,促进Ⅱ型胶原蛋白的分泌,表明杜仲苷对体外大鼠软骨细胞有一定的抗炎保护作用。     

金芪降糖片对糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用的实验研究

[目的]观察金芪降糖片对糖尿病大鼠肾组织晚期糖化终末产物受体(RAGE)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)表达的影响。[方法]测定造模后20周糖尿病组(DM组)、糖尿病给药组(DD组)和对照组(N组)大鼠24 h尿微量白蛋白定量(UMA)、平均血糖(APG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)、RAGE、TGF-β1、VEGF、CTGF水平及肾脏形态学改变,评价金芪降糖片的肾保护作用。[结果]与DM组相比,DD组平均血糖、TC差异无统计学意义,Ccr高于DM组,而UMA、TG、RAGE、TGF-β1、VEGF、CTGF水平降低,差异有统计学意义;光镜和电镜下,DD组肾组织损伤程度均轻于DM组。[结论]金芪降糖片可以减轻糖尿病慢性肾损伤的程度,其肾保护作用可能与其降脂及降低RAGE、TGF-β1、VEGF、CTGF水平有关。     

Evidence of anti-inflammatory effects of Passiflora edulis in an inflammation model

The popular medicine Passiflora edulis has been used as a sedative, tranquilizer, against cutaneous inflammatory diseases and intermittent fever. Most of the pharmacological investigations of Passiflora edulis have been addressed to its Central Nervous System activities, such as anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and sedative actions. Otherwise, there are few reports about the anti-inflammatory activity of the Passiflora species. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous lyophilized extract obtained from leaves of Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa Degener (Passifloraceae) in the mouse model of pleurisy induced by carrageenan (Cg), bradykinin, histamine or substance P, observing the effects upon leucocytes migration, myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO) concentrations and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) levels. RESULTS: Passiflora edulis (250mg/kg) administered by intraperitoneal route (i.p.) inhibited the leukocyte, neutrophils, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, TNFalpha and IL-1beta levels (P<0.01) in the pleurisy induced by carrageenan. Passiflora edulis (250-500mg/kg, i.p.) also inhibited total and differential leukocytes in the pleurisy induced by bradykinin, histamine or substance P (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Several mechanisms, including the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFalpha, IL-1beta), enzyme (myeloperoxidase) and mediators (bradykinin, histamine, substance P, nitric oxide) release and/or action, appear to account for Passiflora edulis's actions.     

白子菜药材薄层色谱鉴别的实验研究

目的:为白子菜药材地上部分的品质评价及其活性成分的开发利用提供实验依据,以利于更全面地对该药材进行质量控制。方法:白子菜经乙醇和酸等不同提取方法提取后进行薄层色谱鉴别和分析。结果:白子菜中槲皮素鉴别的最佳薄层条件为甲苯-乙酸乙酯-甲酸(5∶4∶1),白子菜中β-谷甾醇鉴别的最佳薄层条件为甲苯-氯仿-丙酮-甲醇(8∶5∶1∶1)。结论:以上薄层色谱条件可以较好地分离和鉴别白子菜中的槲皮素和β-谷甾醇。     

Attenuation of diabetic nephropathy by Chaihuang-Yishen granule through anti-inflammatory mechanism in streptozotocin-induced rat model of diabetics

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Traditional Chinese medical herbs have been used in China for a long time to treat different diseases. Based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) principle, Chaihuang-Yishen granule (CHYS) was developed and has been employed clinically to treat chronic kidney disease including diabetic nephropathy (DN). The present study was designed to investigate its mechanism of action in treatment of DN.

Materials and methods

Diabetic rats were established by having a right uninephrectomy plus a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Rats were divided into four groups of sham, diabetes, diabetes with CHYS and diabetes with fosinopril. CHYS and fosinopril were given to rats by gavage for 20 weeks. Samples from blood, urine and kidney were collected for biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses.

Results

Rats treated with CHYS showed reduced 24 h urinary protein excretion, decreased serum TC and TG levels, but CHYS treatment did not affect blood glucose level. Glomerular mesangial expansion and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic rats were significantly alleviated by CHYS treatment. Moreover, CHYS administration markedly reduced mRNA levels of NF-κB p65 and TGF-β1, as well as decreased protein levels of NF-κB p65, MCP-1, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the kidney of diabetic rats.

Conclusions

CHYS ameliorates renal injury in diabetic rats through reduction of inflammatory cytokines and their intracellular signaling.     

蒙药胃舒安对束缚-水浸应激致胃溃疡的预防作用及对TGF-β1表达的影响

[目的]评价蒙药胃舒安对束缚-水浸应激所致大鼠胃溃疡的预防作用。[方法]将Wistar实验大鼠,分正常组、给药组和对照组3组,正常组不给药,无束缚-水浸应激压力,对照组给淀粉,给药组灌胃给蒙药胃舒安,给药剂量为0．9～1．3mL／只（82．5g／L）,连续给胃舒安7d后,停食24h,建立3h束缚-水浸应激性胃溃疡模型,取胃,肉眼观察胃黏膜损伤,用Image J图像分析法测定胃黏膜溃疡面积,并进行比较。用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测胃溃疡大鼠血清转化生长因子（TGF-β1）含量并进行比较。[结果]蒙药胃舒安对3h束缚-水浸应激所致大鼠胃溃疡形成有抑制作用。胃舒安组大鼠血清TGF-β1含量明显低于对照组。[结论]蒙药胃舒安对实验大鼠束缚-水浸应激3h所致胃溃疡的形成有显著抑制作用。