β-环连蛋白及其mRNA在肾癌中的表达

目的　探讨β -环连蛋白在肾癌发生发展过程中的作用及其变化机制。方法　我们采用免疫组织化学、Westernblot、RT -PCR等方法对本院收治的 2 6例肾癌患者手术标本进行了研究。结果　 2 6例患者中有 2 5例癌组织中细胞胞浆内β 环连蛋白表达明显高于正常组织内 ,而且肿瘤分期越高 ,癌细胞内β 环连蛋白的表达也越强 ,pT3和pT4期的肿瘤内的表达明显高于pT1和pT2期的肿瘤 ,P <0 .0 1,而其β -环连蛋白mRNA的表达水平并无明显变化。结论　细胞内 β -环连蛋白表达的增加与肾癌的发生发展有关 ,而且可能是肾癌形成和发展的重要机制之一。     

孕妇血清标记物在中孕筛查中的应用

目的 :通过对孕妇血清标记物甲胎蛋白 (AFP)和人绒毛膜促性腺激素 ( β -HCG )测定来筛选缺陷儿。 方法 :用放射免疫法对 6 2例孕 14～ 2 3周妊娠妇女上述标记物连测 3次 ,每次隔 12～ 14d ,以两次异常为高危个体。每例筛查者跟踪至胎儿出生后。结果 :在筛查中发现了 1例先天愚型和 1例无脑儿。结论 :上述两种血清标记物可以作为神经管缺陷和先天愚型筛查的一项常规方法     

黄芩甙、地塞米松对大鼠感染性脑水肿细胞因子的影响

目的 :探讨黄芩甙、地塞米松对大鼠感染性脑水肿白细胞介素 1(IL 1β)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF α)的影响。方法 :应用大鼠感染性脑水肿模型 ,采用干湿法、原子吸收分光光度法、ELISA测定各组脑组织水含量、钠离子含量及脑匀浆上清液中IL 1β,TNF α水平的变化 ;在光镜下观察各组脑组织的细胞形态学改变。结果 :在大鼠感染性脑水肿(感脑 )组脑水含量、钠离子、IL 1β、TNF α含量均比生理盐水 (对照 )组明显增高 (P <0 .0 1)。在黄芩甙和地塞米松两组则上述指标均下降 ,低于感脑组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而两组间各指标比较差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;脑组织水含量与IL 1β ,TNF α含量成正相关 (r分别为 0 9381,0 8349,P <0 .0 1)。对照组脑组织结构正常 ,感脑组织脑组织可见弥漫的灶性水肿区 ;黄芩甙和地塞米松组水肿明显减轻。结论 :黄芩甙、地塞米松对大鼠感染性脑水肿有保护作用 ,效果相近 ;作用机制与抑制IL 1β ,TNF α过度产生有关     

Pathogenetic role and clinical significance of interleukin-1β in cancer

In recent years, pro-oncogenic mechanisms of the tumour microenvironment (ТМЕ) have been actively discussed. One of the main cytokines of the TМЕ is interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), which exhibits proinflammatory properties. Some studies have shown an association between an increase in IL-1β levels and tumour progression. The purpose of this review is to analyse the pathogenic mechanisms induced by IL-1β in the TМЕ, as well as the diagnostic significance of the presence of IL-1β in patients with cancer and the efficacy of treatment with IL-1β inhibitors. According to the literature, IL-1β can induce an increase in tumour angiogenesis due to its effects on the differentiation of epithelial cells, pro-angiogenic molecule secretion and expression of adhesion molecules, thus increasing tumour growth and metastasis. IL-1β is also involved in the suppression of anti-tumour immune responses. The expression and secretion of IL-1β has been noted in various types of tumours. In some clinical studies, an elevated level of IL-1β was found to be associated with low efficacy of anti-cancer therapy and a poor prognosis. In most experimental and clinical studies, the use of IL-1β inhibitors contributed to a decrease in tumour mass and an increase in the response to anti-tumour drugs.     

陵水暗罗活性成分研究

从陵水暗罗(polyalthia nemoralis A.etDC)根的乙醇提取物中分离得到五个化合物。经光谱(UV,IR,¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR,DEPT和MS)解析和化学反应,分别鉴定为暗罗素(zincpolyanemine,PN1),2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物铜盐(PN₂),β-谷甾醇(PN₃),β-谷甾醇-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(PN₄)和2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物-2-S-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(PN₅),其中PN₅为新化合物,PN2为新天然产物。PN1和PN2有较强抗疟、防霉杀菌作用。PN5的抗疟、防霉试验尚在进行中。     

IGF-I and NGFβ enhance in vitro progressive motility and vitality of human spermatozoa

Purpose

Progressive motility (PM) and vitality are positively associated with fertilization ability of spermatozoa. Here, the effects of IGF-I and NGFβ on PM and vitality of human spermatozoa were investigated.

Methods

Forty-three volunteers gave semen samples after 2-3 days of sexual abstinence. Each sample was processed with density gradient centrifugation and sperm washing. The pellet was divided into 3 aliquots. An aliquot containing one million of progressively motile spermatozoa was incubated for an hour (37°C) in standard culture medium (control group), and two aliquots with the same number of progressively motile spermatozoa were incubated in medium supplemented with IGF-I or NGFβ. Two concentrations of IGF-I (100 ng/ml and 1000 ng/ml) and NGFβ (0,5 ng/ml and 5 ng/ml) were tested.

Results

Both growth factors significantly increased PM and vitality in comparison with control either at the low or the high concentration. IGF-I seemed to be more effective than NGFβ. The effects did not seem to be dose dependent with the exception of the effect of IGF-I on vitality.

Conclusions

The enhancement of PM and vitality of human spermatozoa by IGF-I and NGFβ opens new ways for the improvement of sperm processing. Further research is needed to determine the most effective concentrations.

     

中药厚朴及其类似品的有效成分分析

本文对中药厚朴及其类似品中的有效成分——厚朴酚、和厚朴酚及木兰箭毒碱分别进行了高效液相色谱法和双波长扫描法测定;对其挥发油中化学成分进行了气-质联用分离与鉴定。     

pD2-, pA2- and pD2'-values of a series of compounds in a histaminic and a cholinergic system.

(1) Affinity and intrinsic activity values of 75 compounds for a histaminergic and a cholinergic system are presented. The quantitative correlations between the affinity values of 35 compounds and some physicochemical constants (Van der Waals volume, lipophilicity, number of hydrogen atoms on the protonated amine) are discussed. (2) Absence of systematic differences between pD2 and pA2 of partial agonists supports the assumption that these values are equivalent expressions of the same affinity. (3) The "mimetic moiety" in a number of the antihistaminic test compounds hardly contributes to their affinity. The affinity mainly depends on an interaction tendency with additional receptor areas. (4) The correlation between pA2 and pD2' of the whole series of compounds in the histaminergic system is artificial. The method only allows determination of both values if their ratio lies between certain limits. (5) The correlation between pA2 and pD2' for 16 closely related compounds in the guinea pig ileum and for nearly all compounds in the rat intestine has to be explained by an influence of the structural differences on drug transference and/or the less specific binding forces. (6) The metactoid receptors in the two systems are different structures. (7) Possible molecular modifications to maximize the separation of antihistaminic form cholinergic affinity are suggested.     

雷公藤内酯醇抑制大鼠脑局灶性缺血再灌注后脑组织IL-1βmRNA表达的研究

目的　观察雷公藤内酯醇 (Triptolide ,TL)对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑组织内IL 1βmRNA水平变化的影响 ,探讨雷公藤内酯醇对大鼠局灶性缺血再灌注脑损伤保护作用的机制。方法　建立大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型 ,观察应用雷公藤内酯醇 (0 2和 0 4mg·kg-1)对大鼠脑组织微血管内附壁中性粒细胞计数 ,以及神经功能受损程度的影响。应用RT PCR技术 ,检测大中动脉闭塞侧脑组织IL 1βmRNA表达水平的变化情况。结果　与对照组比较 ,雷公藤内酯醇两治疗组大脑中动脉闭塞侧微血管内附壁中性粒细胞计数、脑组织IL 1βmRNA水平均明显下降。神经功能受损程度也明显改善。结论　雷公藤内酯醇具有明显抑制缺血再灌注大鼠脑组织内IL 1βmRNA表达、降低IL 1β含量和抑制白细胞浸润的作用。这可能是雷公藤内酯醇对大鼠缺血再灌注脑损伤保护作用的机制之一