Flow Cytometric Analysis of Lymphocyte Subsets of Mice Maintained on an Ethanol-Containing Liquid Diet

Alcoholic patients often have impaired immune function, yet little is known about the precise mechanism(s) of this impairment. We have previously shown that ethanol consumption by mice alters copolymer-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. In this study, we asked whether alcohol consumption by mice would phenotypically alter lymphocyte populations. Female C57BL/6 mice were fed a nutritionally complete liquid diet containing 35% ethanol-derived calories for up to 8 days. As controls, mice either were fed a liquid control diet that isocalorically substitutes sucrose for ethanol or remained on a standard solid diet and water ad libitum. Although mice fed ethanol-containing liquid or pair-fed control liquid diets have decreased numbers of spleen cells compared with solid diet controls, only the ethanol-containing diet allowed normally nonresponder C57BL/6 spleen cells to make antibody responses to the poly(Glu⁵⁰Tyr⁵⁰) synthetic copolymer antigen. Flow cytometric analysis of splenic lymphocyte populations of mice on the ethanol-containing diet shows an increase in the relative proportion of T-lymphocytes as compared with mice on either solid or liquid control diets. No such change is seen for either B-cell or natural killer cell populations in these same mice. Both liquid control and liquid ethanol diets caused a slight decrease in the CD4:CD8 ratios of splenic T-lymphocytes. We see the relative percentage of T-cells bearing the αβ-cell receptor (TcR) increases in the spleens of liquid ethanol diet mice; a smaller increase TcRαβ usage is seen in the spleens of liquid control mice, compared with solid diet mice. Flow cytometric analysis shows that little, if any, difference exists in TcRγδ expression between the liquid ethanol and either the liquid control or solid diet groups. Preliminary analysis of TcRαβ subsets suggest that ethanol increases the percentage of T-cells expressing Vβ5 and Vβ8, and decreases the percentage of Vβ11 expressing cells. These findings suggest that, in addition to modifying the immune response, ethanol alters the phenotypic expression of lymphocyte subsets.     

连续肾替代治疗对严重烧伤脓毒症患者血浆内毒素和细胞因子水平的影响

目的　分析连续肾替代治疗 (continuousrenalreplacementtherapy,CRRT)对严重烧伤脓毒症患者血浆内毒素和细胞因子水平的影响。　方法　对 10例应用CRRT及 10例应用常规疗法治疗的严重烧伤脓毒症患者血浆内毒素和细胞因子 (TNFα、IL 1β、IL 6、IL 8)浓度变化进行比较分析。　结果　严重烧伤脓毒症患者应用CRRT后血浆内毒素、细胞因子浓度较治疗前明显下降 ,其下降速度与常规治疗组比较差异有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论　严重烧伤脓毒症患者应用CRRT能有效降低血浆内毒素和细胞因子浓度     

玻璃体切割手术治疗化脓性眼内炎

目的 观察玻璃体切割手术治疗化脓性眼内炎的疗效。方法 对1999年6月～2003年2月在我院行玻璃体切割术的14例(14只眼)化脓性眼内炎患者进行回顾性分析。除眼内异物外，其余患者临床诊断化脓性眼内炎后均先采用保守治疗，密切观察1～2天无好转而行玻璃体切割手术。眼内炎的原因：眼球穿通伤13只眼，青光眼术后晚期滤过泡感染1只眼。玻璃体切割手术前先抽取前房及玻璃体腔内液体涂片及培养。采用标准三通道闭合式玻璃体切割手术，7只眼因前房积脓及晶状体前大量渗出和3只眼外伤性白内障影响手术而同时切除晶状体，8只联合巩膜环扎。缝合巩膜切口后玻璃体腔内注射罗氏芬2．5mg及地塞米松0．4mg。术后全身继续使用抗生素及激素1周。术后平均随访14．8个月(2～24个月)．结果 14只眼中术后视力提高12只眼(85．7％)，眼球保留13只眼(92．6％)。5只眼培养阳性。术后玻璃体腔内少量出血2只眼，无其它手术并发症。结论 玻璃体切割手术联合眼内注射抗生素治疗化脓性眼内炎疗效可靠。只要手术时机选择适当，大多数患者能保住眼球，恢复有用视力。     

肺脾双补治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染

目的 :观察肺脾双补法治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染 (RRTI)的疗效并探讨其作用机理。方法 :RRTI患儿 1 2 0例随机分为治疗组及对照组 ,治疗组在急性呼吸道感染期给以中药汤剂 ,感染好转后口服中药 (玉屏风散合四君子汤加减 ) ,每日一剂 ,连用两周。对照组感染期间使用西药抗生素及抗病毒剂治疗 ,感染缓解后不用药 ,两组于治疗前及治疗后 1月检测免疫球蛋白、T细胞亚群。结果 :治疗组有效率为 92 .6% ,对照组有效率为 34.6% ,两组比较差异显著( p <0 .0 1 )。治疗组IgA、IgG及CD3、CD4、CD4/CD8增高 ,CD8降低 ,与对照组比较有显著差异。结论 :肺脾双补法对RRTI有较好疗效 ,并有提高体液免疫与细胞免疫的作用     

Open mesh versus non-mesh repair of groin hernia meta-analysis of randomized trials leased on individual patient data

Abstract Background. The EU Hernia Trialists Collaboration was established to provide reliable evaluation of newer methods of groin hernia repair. It involved 70 investigators in 20 countries. Materials and methods. Twenty eligible trials (5016 participants) of open mesh vs. non-mesh groin hernia repair were identified. Meta-analysis was performed using raw individual patient data where possible. Results. Fewer hernia recurrences were reported after mesh repair. There were no clear differences between mesh and non-mesh groups in complications. Overall, those in the mesh groups had a shorter hospital stay, quicker return to usual activities and less frequent persisting pain, but individual trial results varied. Conclusions. The review provides strong evidence that open mesh repair is associated with a reduction in the risk of recurrence of between 50% and 75%. There is also some evidence of quicker recovery and of lower rates of persisting pain following open mesh repair. Electronic Publication     

预防胰十二指肠切除术后并发胰胆瘘的体会

目的　探讨胰十二指肠切除术后胰胆瘘的预防。方法　对 1994年 3月 - 2 0 0 1年 11月因恶性肿瘤施行胰十二指肠切除术的 81例病人 ,统一手术方式 ,在胆肠及胰肠吻合口处肠管内置引流管减压。结果　治愈 78例 ,死亡 3例 ,术后无一例胰胆瘘发生。结论　正确而精细的手术操作 ,确保吻合口血运 ,使各吻合口处无压力、无张力 ,是保证吻合口顺利愈合的关键。完善的术前准备及术后处理 ,也是减少胰胆瘘发生的重要因素。     

老年病毒性肝炎62例临床分析

本文分析62例老年病毒性肝炎。曾查感染标志者42.4%为乙型肝炎,仅1例为甲型肝炎。重症、慢性、瘀胆性分别为24.2%,25.8%,12.9%,均显著高于其他年龄组肝炎。83.9%为黄疸性,部份病例曾疑为肝外梗阻.61.3%有并发症。发生肝昏迷、上消化道大出血、原发性腹膜炎或肝肾综合征者大多病死。病死率为19.4%,远较其他年龄组肝炎高。提示老年人原因未明的不完全梗阻性黄疸宜先进行内科治疗。老年病毒性肝炎应注意加强综合治疗、预防和及时控制并发症。     

硬脊膜动静脉瘘(附1例临床分析)

目的探讨硬脊膜动静脉瘘(SDAVF)的病因、发病机制、临床表现、诊断及治疗。方法回顾性分析了1例患者的相关临床资料。结果本例患者以双下肢渐进性麻木、无力1年余,加重伴大小便障碍9个月为主要临床表现,脊髓MRI显示T9~L1髓内以长T2长T1为主之异常信号,超选择DSA造影可见位于入LT12椎管处一硬脊膜动静脉之瘘口,成功地进行了经单侧椎板开窗夹闭瘘口术。结论SDAVF为一具有直接的动静脉交通性病变,常伴有小型畸形团,多发生于中年男性,误诊率高,主要表现为渐进性的肢体麻木、无力及大小便障碍,MRI有助于诊断,但仍须DSA确诊。阻断连接瘘口与冠状静脉丛的引流静脉是治疗SDAVF的有效方法,显微外科手术效果可靠、复发率低,尽早地确诊和治疗是取得良好疗效的根本前提。     

酵母菌2号培养最佳条件的选择

成人特发性乳糖酶缺乏症的发生率极高，这些人进食牛奶后会出现胃肠胀气、腹痛、腹泄等对牛奶不耐受的消化不良症状。为解决这一问题，自１９８９年起，国内外不少学者是主张有产替代疗法，即将人工培养制备纯化的乳糖酶直接加入牛奶中以水解其中的乳糖来弥补成人乳糖酶的缺乏。