大鼠液压脑损伤后bax和bcl—XL的表达改变在mRNA和蛋白水平的相关性

目的探讨脑创伤后bax和bcl-XL在mRNA和蛋白水平的变化规律及其与神经细胞凋亡发生、发展的关系.方法在液压脑损伤模型中,应用逆转录聚合酶链反应、免疫组化分别检测大鼠脑创伤后不同时程bax和bcl-xL的表达;采用凋亡原位末端标记、电镜超微结构、DNA凝胶电泳观察脑创伤后细胞凋亡的形态和生化特征.结果伤后6h,bcl-xL.mRNA下调[伤侧半球为对侧的(67.42±7.54)%],bcl-xL蛋白水平下降[伤侧为对侧的(85.85±5.72)%].伤后3d,bcl-xLmRNA和bd-xL蛋白表达分别为对侧的(39.97±3.61)%和(57.50±6.21)%;baxmRNA和bax蛋白分别为对侧半球的(203.95±17.53)%和(189.02±7.23)%.伤后bax/bclxL比率升高比细胞凋亡提前出现,早期由于bcl-xL.的表达下降,后期主要是由于bax的升高所致.结论细胞凋亡及其调节基因的表达间具有一致性;脑创伤对bax和bcl-xL的调节发生在转录水平以前的某一环节.bax/bcl-xL平衡体系的维持或紊乱影响脑创伤后神经细胞生存或死亡.     

缺血预处理结合心麻痹液保护未成熟兔心肌的效果

目的 探讨缺血预处理（IPC）结合心麻痹液对未成熟兔心肌的保护作用。方法 采用体外左心作功模型,比较缺血5min再灌注5min的缺血预处处理加ST.ThomasⅡ液（IPC组）和仅ST,ThomasⅡ液（对照组）对幼兔（3-4周）心脏缺血再灌注后心脏功能,冠脉微循环、能量代谢及超微结构的影响。结果 IPC组心脏收缩功能、冠脉流量及阻力恢复更佳,冠脉流出液中的一氧化氮含量较高而内皮素较低,能量物质含量高,心肌细胞超微结构的影响。结果 IPC组心脏收缩功能、冠脉流量及阻力恢复更佳,冠脉流出液中后 氧化氮含量较高而内皮素较低,能量物质含量高。心肌细胞超微结构损害轻,结论 缺血预处理结合心麻痹液对未成熟兔心肌提供更佳的保护。     

东莨菪硷对兔急性脑损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的 :研究M受体拮抗剂东莨菪硷对兔急性脑损伤的保护作用 ,并初步探讨乙酰胆碱 (ACh)在创伤性脑伤早期病理变化中的作用。方法 :用自由落体打击器制作兔脑外伤模型 ,并于伤后 5min ,2h腹腔注射东莨菪硷 ,用经颅多谱勒监测大脑中动脉血流速度和搏动指数的变化 ;取脑组织检测Ca2 +、伊文思蓝 (EB)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、丙二醛 (MDA) ,并作病理检查。结果 :病检证实本模型符合临床所见加速性脑损伤的病理变化 ,东莨菪硷可降低兔脑外伤后脑组织中Ca2 +,MDA ,EB含量 ,升高SOD ,增加脑血流。结论 :脑外伤后早期ACh可致神经元钙超载、氧自由基反应、脑血管痉挛和血脑屏障 (BBB)通透性增强 ,M受体拮抗剂东莨菪硷可改善这些病理变化 ,具有脑保护作用     

烧伤血清对腹腔巨噬细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨体外培养的腹腔巨噬细胞（Ｍ）经烧伤血清刺激后的凋亡情况。方法制作３０％体表总面积（ＴＢＳＡ）Ⅲ 度烧伤大鼠模型,分离其伤后２４ ｈ血清。流式细胞术检测体外培养的Ｍ经烧伤血清刺激后的凋亡情况并与正常大鼠 进行对照。结果烧伤大鼠血清诱导Ｍ凋亡明显增加,这种作用随刺激时间的延长和烧伤血清浓度的增加而加强,与 对照组比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论烧伤血清可能在烧伤后Ｍ功能失调中起重要作用。     

创伤后肺内炎性细胞凋亡与继发性坏死的观察及意义

目的 探讨严重创伤后肺内炎性细胞凋亡与继发性坏死在急性肺损伤发病机制中的地位和作用。方法 复制大鼠多发骨折合并休克模型,采用Annexin-V和PI双标法经流式细胞仪检测创伤后肺泡灌洗液中凋亡与坏死炎性细胞的数量变化,测定细胞分类计数及肺通透指数并作比较。结果伤后动物肺泡灌洗液中巨噬细胞数量减少,而白细胞数量增加。伤后凋亡炎性细胞数量增加,于伤后3h达到高峰。部分凋亡炎性细胞发生继发性坏死,其数量进行性升高并与肺通透指数变化显著相关（r=0.90,P<0.01）。结论 严重创伤后肺泡内炎性细胞发生凋亡,可能因为继发性坏死致炎性内容物外泄而引发急性肺损伤。     

颅脑损伤合并高渗高血糖非酮症性昏迷的诊治

目的总结颅脑损伤患者合并高渗高血糖非酮症性昏迷的诊治经验.方法回顾分析11例颅脑损伤合并出现高渗、高血糖非酮症性昏迷的诊断及治疗经过.结果6例病人纠正了高渗状态,其中恢复正常生活、工作2例,生活自理3例,长期昏迷1例.死于高渗生休克5例.结论注意防止颅脑损伤所致的高渗高血糖非酮症性昏迷是降低死亡率和病死率的重要环节之一.     

足冻伤的手术治疗

目的总结足冻伤的手术治疗经验.方法回顾性总结和分析了自1996年以来,采用多种小腿筋膜皮瓣修复足冻伤后的临床资料和随访结果.结果所有患者术区外形和功能恢复良好,随访结果显示所有患者行走正常,术区局部无破溃.结论小腿筋膜皮瓣是修复冻伤足的良好方法.     

Protective effects of dexmedetomidine on ischaemia-reperfusion injury in an experimental rat model of priapism

The study aimed to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine against ischaemia-reperfusion injury occurring after priapism in a model of induced-priapism in rats. A total of 18 male rats were randomised into three groups. Group 1 was the control group. A priapism model was performed rats in Group 2 and then ischaemia-reperfusion injury was evaluated. Group 3 had similar procedures to the rats in Group 2. Rats in Group 3 additionally had 100 μg/kg dexmedetomidine administered intraperitoneally immediately after reperfusion. Blood and tissue samples were analysed. Biochemical analysis of blood samples revealed a decrease in the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 Beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p:.04, p:.009 and p:.009, respectively). Similarly, the highest malondialdehyde (MDA) level was in Group 2 (p:.002). The levels of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were significantly higher in Group 3 than that of Group 2 (p:.037 and p:.045, respectively). Direct microscopic examinations revealed positive changes in desquamation, oedema, inflammation and vasocongestion scores in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p:.007, p:.008, p:.007 and p:.006, respectively). Dexmedetomidine has a protective effect against ischaemia-reperfusion injury in penile tissue.     

Comparative study of different transplantation methods of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in the treatment of erectile dysfunction caused by cavernous nerve injury

We aimed to compare intracavernosal injection (ICI), tail vein injection (IV), and periprostatic injection (PPI) of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for their ability to improve erectile function in cavernous nerve injury-induced erectile dysfunction (CNIED) rats and to explore the possible mechanism. Eighty-four male SD rats were divided into the sham group (n = 6), BCNI group (bilateral CN crush injury, n = 6), PBS-ICI group (n = 6), PBS-IV group (n = 6), PBS-PPI group (n = 6), ADSC-ICI group (n = 18), ADSC-IV group (n = 18) and ADSC-PPI group (n = 18). ADSCs were labelled with 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU), and six rats each in the ADSC-ICI group, ADSC-IV group, and ADSC-PPI group were sacrificed 2, 7, and 28 days after injection. EdU-labelled ADSCs were tracked by immunofluorescence staining. The intracavernosal pressure (ICP)/mean arterial pressure (MAP) ratio, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-positive nerve fibres in the dorsal penile nerve and the smooth muscle/collagen ratio in the cavernosum between groups were also evaluated. ADSCs can significantly improve erectile function through ICI or IV. The two are similar in efficacy and superior to PPI. The mechanism may be that after CN injury, ADSCs are recruited to around the MPG and secrete a variety of neurotrophic factors that promote the repair of the CN, thereby improving erectile function.