Novel colloidal associations of soyasaponins and lipid components (DPPC,cholesterol) as potential adjuvants for vaccines

Soyasaponins from soybean (Glycine max) represent promising new potent adjuvants for vaccine research because of their immunostimulating properties and weak hemolytic activity. In the present study, saponin microstructures of soyasaponins (soyasaponin Bb, soyasaponin Ab) with lipid components (cholesterol, DPPC (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine)) were designed by the lipid film method. In interaction studies between soyasaponins (soyasaponin Ab/Bb) and Langmuir monolayers (model membranes), composed of cholesterol and DPPC, marked interactions between soyasaponins and a pure cholesterol monolayer were observed. No interaction was detected for soyasaponins with a pure DPPC monolayer. The intercalation of soyasaponins in a mixed DPPC/cholesterol (3:1, w/w) monolayer was only observed for the monodesmosidic soyasaponin Bb whereas the second sugar chain of the bidesmosidic soyasaponin Ab impaired the access to the monolayer. Transmission electron microscopy was used for visualizing particle formation of soyasaponins and lipid components. Pseudo-binary systems (soyasaponin Ab/Bb, cholesterol) formed colloidal associations built up from ring-like subunits in the nanometer size range. In pseudo-ternary systems (soyasaponin, cholesterol, DPPC) soyasaponin Bb attacked the liposomal membrane by forming colloidal associations. Colloidal associations in pseudo-ternary systems with soyasaponin Ab, cholesterol and a phospholipid were only observed in the presence of PE (phosphatidylethanolamine) instead of DPPC. In an MTT assay with a HaCaT cell line (keratinocyte cell line) the cell viability was neither affected by the soyasaponins nor by the corresponding formulations. Both the pure soyasaponin solution and the saponin formulations may be promising adjuvant systems for the intradermal vaccine application. Furthermore, interaction studies between the model antigen ovalbumin and colloidal associations of saponins and cholesterol using MST (Microscale Thermophoresis) gave first indications of an antigen binding to colloidal associations. Ex vivo T-cell proliferation in the presence of soyasaponin Ab was confirmed.     

大豆磷脂脂质体对培养的缺血心肌细胞膜损伤保护作用的电镜观察

用培养乳鼠心肌细胞的缺血模型，观察了大豆磷脂脂质体抗心肌缺血膜损伤的效应。结果显示，大豆磷脂脂质体具有是减轻心肌缺血所致的心肌细胞质膜缺损、线粒体肿胀，线粒体无定形颗粒沉积及心肌细胞膜酶（Ｃａ＾＋＋，Ｍｇ＾＋＋，－ＡＴＰａｓｅ）活性降低的作用。本研究提示，大豆磷脂脂质体具有保护心肌膜完整性及维护其功能的作用。     

大豆异黄酮诱导人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901凋亡的研究

目的:探讨大豆异黄酮对体外培养的人胃癌细胞SGC-7901生长的抑制和诱导细胞凋亡的作用.方法:用MTT法检测药物效应,透射电镜及流式细胞仪观察大豆异黄酮处理SGC-7901细胞后细胞周期和细胞凋亡.结果:(1)MTT法证实大豆异黄酮对SGC-7901细胞生长有抑制作用,并呈剂量-效应关系.(2)流式细胞仪分析大豆异黄酮处理SGC-7901细胞后细胞滞留于G2/M期,并可见凋亡峰.(3)透射电镜可见SGC-7901细胞出现典型的凋亡细胞形态学改变.结论:大豆异黄酮对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901有抑制作用,抑制作用与诱导胃癌细胞凋亡、阻抑细胞周期进程有关,诱导胃癌细胞凋亡、阻抑细胞周期进程是大豆异黄酮抗胃癌作用的机制之一.     

大豆异黄酮抗骨质疏松症的实验研究及作用机制的探讨

目的 观察大豆异黄酮的抗骨质疏松作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法 (1)切除10月龄大鼠双侧卵巢,3个月后分为己烯雌酚组、模型组、大豆异黄酮高、中、低荆量组,并灌胃,每日1次,连续3个月;用切除双侧卵巢旁部分脂肪的假手术同龄大鼠作对照(对照组)。测定各组动物的骨形态学指标、血清雌二醇(E2)、血清骨源性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、血清钙磷、骨钙磷、尿钙磷以及子宫系数。(2)用含药血清培养成骨细胞,以MTT法检测成骨细胞增殖情况。结果 (1)大豆异黄酮能明显增加去卵巢大鼠骨小梁平均宽度、单位面积骨小粱骨细胞数、骨皮质平均厚度、股骨头平均吸光度和股骨干平均吸光度;明显升高血清E水平：明显降低血清BALP值;明显增加血清钙、骨钙含量：明显增加子宫系数。(2)大豆异黄酮能明显促进成骨细胞增殖。结论 大豆异黄酮具有明显的抗骨质疏松作用,其作用机制可能与其拟雌激素作用、提高体内雌激素水平、提高机体对钙的吸收与利用、促进成骨细胞DNA合成和生长增殖有关。     

大豆膳食纤维和低聚果糖临床降糖效果研究

目的 探讨大豆膳食纤维和低聚果糖临床降糖效果,为改善糖尿病人膳食结构提供依据.方法 从大豆中提取膳食纤维,选购市售低聚果糖,按照特定加工工艺制成高纤维面包,对糖尿病患者进行膳食干预实验.将60例糖尿病患者随机分为大豆纤维(A)组,低聚果糖(B)组和混合(AB)组,分别补充相应的高纤维食品进行降糖效果观察.结果 补充大豆...     

Diversity of nitrogenase (nifH) genes pool in soybean field soil after continuous and rotational cropping

Diazotrophs diversity in soybean is a topic requiring thorough investigation since the previous researches have focused on only rice, forest, grass, water, etc. In this research, iron‐only nitrogenase nifH gene was as genetic marker. PCR‐RFLP was used to investigate the difference of diazotrophs community diversity in the soil from the continuous cropping (CC) (the 5‐yr tilling of soybean) and the rotational cropping (RC) (soybean‐corn) soils in the northeast of China. A total of 36 isolates were genetically characterized. Most of the isolates closely related to Azospirillum and Azotobacter. Eighty‐six unique nifH gene sequences were obtained by cloning of the respective PCR products in two soil samples. It was found that the diversity of nifH genes in CC changed obviously compared with RC. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that most of the clones clustered together in a high homogeneity with some sequence retrieved from environmental representatives. The sequence diversity of nifH genes was high and the members of the Alphaproteobacteria were predominant in both samples. The experimental study also revealed the two non‐proteobacterial diazotrophs, firmicutes and euryarchaeota. Through this study, it can be assumed that different tillage perhaps affected the nifH gene‐containing population diversity. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

淡豆豉与黑豆提取物抗癌细胞增殖作用及4种异黄酮成分的含量测定

目的:探讨淡豆豉和黑豆提取物对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖的调节作用,并检测提取物中4种异黄酮成分的含量。方法:MTT法观察淡豆豉和黑豆提取物对乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7细胞增殖率的影响,Annexin/PI法流式细胞仪分析检测细胞的早期凋亡,高效液相色谱法检测淡豆豉和黑豆提取物中4种异黄酮成分大豆苷、染料木苷、大豆苷元和染料木素的含量变化。结果:淡豆豉和黑豆提取物对MCF-7细胞的增殖均有抑制作用且诱发癌细胞凋亡,但高浓度淡豆豉提取物的抑制癌细胞增殖作用明显高于黑豆(P0.05)。淡豆豉提取物中大豆苷、大豆苷元和染料木素的含量显著高于黑豆提取物(P0.01),但染料木苷的含量未见明显变化。结论:淡豆豉提取物与黑豆相比具有较强的抑制癌细胞增殖作用,淡豆豉中含量较高的异黄酮成分大豆苷、大豆苷元和染料木素,可能是其较强的抗癌细胞增殖作用的物质基础。     

大豆卵磷脂对大鼠调节血脂作用的实验研究

目的研究大豆卵磷脂对大鼠调节血脂的作用。方法将雄性SD大白鼠根据TC水平随机分为空白对照组、高脂模型对照组和大豆卵磷脂低、中、高3个剂量组,剂量组给予高脂饲料和不同剂量的受试物。45 d后取血,测血清TC、TG、HDL-C三项指标。结果0.67 g/kg BW、2.00 g/kg BW剂量组的大豆卵磷脂能使大鼠血清中TC、TG降低,与高脂模型对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大豆卵磷脂对大鼠具有降血脂作用。     

大豆蛋白与动物蛋白对糖尿病肾病患者肾功能影响的Meta分析

目的通过Meta分析评价大豆蛋白与动物蛋白对糖尿病肾病患者肾功能的不同影响,为临床实践提供参考。方法收集1980年1月—2011年11月间公开发表的关于糖尿病肾病摄取大豆蛋白和动物蛋白的研究文献,应用RevMan5．0录入相应资料,对相关肾脏指标进行Meta分析。结果共有5篇文献纳入研究,对相关指标进行异质性检验,根据结果分别采用随机效应模型或固定效应模型,Meta分析结果显示：大豆蛋白与动物蛋白相比,可以改善内生肌酐清除率[WMD=-11．51,95％ci（-16．37,6．65）,P〈0．05]、蛋白尿[WMD=-0．96,95％c1（-1．36,-0．58）,P〈0．05]、尿肌酐[WMD=-1．11,95％CI（-1．91,-0．30）,P〈0．05],而对肾小球滤过率[WMD=0．28,95％CI（-0．12,0．68）,P〉0．05]、血清尿素氮[WMD=-0．20,95％CI（-0．60,0．19）,P〉0．05]、血清肌酐[WMD=-0．22,95％CI（-0．54,0．10）,P〉0．05]的影响差异无统计学意义。结论大豆蛋白与动物蛋白相比,在改善肾脏尿液内生肌酐清除率、尿肌酐、蛋白尿等方面具有一定优势,而在肾小球滤过率方面逊于动物蛋白。     

围绝经期综合征中西医临床研究进展

本综述回顾了围绝经期综合征的中医西医病因病机、治疗现状,并展望了该病的可能研究方向。特殊的身体时期下丘脑一垂体一卵巢这个内分泌轴发生变化,导致一系列植物神经紊乱为主的症状。中医认为本病肾虚为本,同时肝气郁结、痰瘀内生等密切相关。西医治疗以激素替代疗法为主,大豆异黄酮治疗以及心理治疗也取得一定的研究进展。中医以辨证治疗为主,专方专药、针灸疗法也广泛应用于临床。中医治疗可能有一定的治疗效果,但是低质量的随机对照研究充斥,尚无充分的循证医学证据肯定其疗效。严格的中药治疗围绝经期综合征的随机双盲对照试验是未来的研究重点。