营养乐粉对大鼠氮代谢影响的研究

本文研究了营养乐粉对幼龄大鼠氮代谢的影响。结果表明，2周后营养乐粉能明显升高氮平衡、氮储存、表观消化率，能增加大鼠净氮利用率。能促进幼龄大鼠体重的增加，使机体处于较高水平的正氮平衡状态。     

大豆磷脂脂质体对培养心肌细胞缺氧缺糖性损伤的影响

本文研究大豆磷脂脂质体对培养心肌细胞缺氧缺糖性损伤的影响。结果表明：在培养心肌细胞６小时缺氧缺糖的同时，补充大豆磷脂脂质体可抑制培养液中乳酸脱氢酶活性和心肌细胞内琥珀酸脱氢酶损伤反应的增加，减轻心肌Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋－三磷酸腺苷酶（ＡＴＰａｓｅ）活性的降低，提高心肌细胞总磷脂和总胆固醇含量。提示：大豆磷脂脂质体可减轻培养心肌细胞缺氧缺糖性损伤，可能与其作用于细胞膜脂质有关。     

Lipid Effects of Antihypertensive Drugs

Despite the well-established correlation between coronary heart disease (CHD) and hypertension, conventional anti-hypertensive therapy with diuretics and beta-adrenergic blockers has failed to provide protection against CHD. A possible explanation for this failure is the unfavourable effect such drugs have on lipid metabolism. To compare the lipid profiles of commonly used antihypertensive drugs, a survey was made of selected studies from the literature. Diuretics and selective and nonselective beta-blockers were found to have adverse effects on blood lipids. Beta-blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, labetalol, methyldopa, calcium channel blockers and ACE-inhibitors are lipid neutral, whereas alpha-adrenergic blockers seemed to have a favourable effect on lipid metabolism. Controlled clinical trials with drugs that have no adverse effects on lipid metabolism are needed to establish the long-term clinical importance of such agents.     

大豆油对阿斯匹林所致大鼠胃粘膜损伤的保护作用

给大鼠阿斯匹林糊状液100mg/kg一次性灌胃。之后各实验组在不同时间分别灌胃大豆油1～3次,每次1ml,未次大豆油或生理盐水灌胃48小时后观察粘膜损伤程度。结果:各实验组与对照组相比,粘膜损伤指数分别降低35.75％、55.80％和65.85％。各组差异具有高度显著性(P<0.001)。提示:大豆油对胃粘膜损伤有修复和保护作用。     

脂肪乳剂对食管癌术后细胞因子和免疫功能的影响

目的：本研究探讨脂肪乳剂对食管癌术后炎症反应和免疫功能的影响。方法：采用前瞻性、随机、对照设计，将33例食管癌切除术病人随机分成2组，A组(15例)为对照组接受不含脂肪乳剂的肠外营养，B组(18例)接受含有脂肪乳剂的肠外营养。2组病人的一般临床情况、非蛋白热量分布一致。分别于术前术后不同时段测定血清中IL—6、IL—10浓度、T细胞亚群和NK细胞活性。结果：术后1、3天两组血清IL—6水平均显升高，且B组显高于A组。血清IL—10与IL—6变化相似。术后3天血清IL-6浓度与IL—10浓度显正相关。术后血清IL—6／IL—10比值显升高，术后7天B组显高于A组。术后CD4^ /CD8^ ,NK细胞活性均显降低，术后10天B组CD4^ /CD8^ 比值显低于A组。术后3天CD4^ /CD8^ 比值与术后1天IL—6水平显正相关。结论：高应激病人输注脂肪乳剂能增加细胞因子产生并促进免疫抑制。     

大豆超氧化物歧化酶的分离和鉴定

采用磷酸盐缓冲液使样品匀浆,两次硫酸铵分级沉淀和DEAE-Cellulose离子交换层析从大豆中分离出超氧化物歧化酶。分离酶的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳呈一条蛋白谱带。过氧化氢和乙醇-氯仿试验表明,该酶属铜锌超氧化物歧化酶。酶的比活力为4710u/mg Pr,活力回收率23％,紫外吸收峰在265.4nm,分子量为32.4kD。     

大豆制品中胰蛋白酶抑制物活性测定方法的改进——多因素正交试验的应用尝试

本文对胰蛋白酶抑制物活性的测定方法进行了改进。应用多因素正交试验获得了最佳实验条件。最佳实验条件为样品提取液1ml(相当原样品1mg),胰蛋白酶用量4mg,保温时间为37℃15分钟。本文也探讨了胰蛋白酶与光密度的关系,并应用本文的条件和改进的方法对生豆粉和烘烤过的豆粉(150℃30分钟)中胰蛋白酶抑制物的活性进行了测定。     

Dissolving intravenous cyclosporin A in a fat emulsion carrier prevents acute renal side effects in the rat

Cyclosporin A (CyA)-induced nephrotoxicity is still a serious clinical problem. The nephrotoxicity seems to be more pronounced when CyA (solubilized in water with Cremophore EL, as in Sandimmun) is given intravenously than when it is given orally. Using soybean oil in which CyA was dissolved, we prepared an intravenous fat emulsion without an artificial detergent, such as Cremophore EL. The renal effects of our new formula were compared with those of Sandimmun and Cremophore EL in a rat model. CyA in the fat emulsion did not significantly affect the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Both Sandimmun and Cremophore EL significantly reduced the GFR. These results suggest that a change in the vehicle may obviate the acute nephrotoxic side effects caused by intravenous administration of CyA solubilized by Cremophore EL.     

大豆异黄酮对阿尔茨海默病模型大鼠行为学及抗氧化能力的影响

目的：探讨不同剂量大豆异黄酮（SIF）对β淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）介导的大鼠行为学及抗氧化能力的影响。方法：60只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、SIF低、中、高剂量组和阳性对照组,每组10只。SIF组按规定剂量灌胃给药,阳性对照组给予维生素E,假手术组和模型组灌胃等量的0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）。连续灌胃14d后,模型组和实验组大鼠双侧海马CA1区注射Aβ25-35,假手术组注射等量生理盐水,于术后7d,Morris水迷宫实验检测大鼠学习记忆能力,之后处死大鼠,观察病理形态学改变及检测血清和脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧物酶（GSH-Px）、丙二醛（MDA）等抗氧化指标的水平。结果：与模型组比较,SIF各剂量组和阳性对照组平均逃避潜伏期缩短,穿越站台所在位置的次数增多（P〈0.05）,SIF中、高剂量组较阳性对照组潜伏期缩短明显（P〈0.05）。免疫组化结果显示,与模型组比较,SIF各剂量组和阳性对照组可减少海马区Aβ25-35免疫反应阳性产物的表达,SIF高剂量组较阳性对照组减少明显（P〈0.05）。与模型组比较,SIF中、高剂量组及阳性对照组大鼠血清和脑组织SOD和GSH-Px活性不同程度增加,MDA含量不同程度降低（P〈0.05）;SIF高剂量组在提高大鼠血清和脑组织SOD活性及降低MDA含量方面优于阳性对照组（P〈0.05）;SIF高剂量组提高大鼠血清中GSH-Px活性较阳性对照组明显（P〈0.05）,对脑组织中GSH-Px活性的影响与阳性对照组相比无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论：SIF能改善Aβ25-35所致阿尔茨海默病模型大鼠的行为能力,可能是通过改善机体氧化还原状态,提高抗氧化水平,由此发挥其神经保护作用。