豆油对螺旋霉素发酵的影响

以螺旋霉素链霉菌SPM1 1 0 8为出发菌株 ,经波长为 2 54nm、功率 30W的紫外诱变处理 50s,筛选豆油耐性突变株 ,得到一株螺旋霉素高产菌株SPM2 89,其发酵效价较出发菌株提高了 2 2 5 %。以此为试验菌株 ,采用含豆油培养基进行发酵试验 ,结果表明 ,豆油的最佳加入量为 2 0 % ,加入时间以 0～ 1 2h为宜。采用上述含豆油培养基并补加前体正丙醇 ,发酵效价比不添加前体提高 2 1 %。此工艺应用于 50m3发酵罐工业生产 ,月平均发酵水平较原工艺提高 30 %～ 50 % ,产品质量稍有提高     

脂肪乳剂对食管癌术后应激反应和免疫功能的影响

目的：探讨脂肪乳剂对食管癌术后应激反应和免疫功能的影响。方法：采用前瞻性随机对照设计，将３３例食管癌切除术病人随机分为两组，A组（15例）为对照组，接受不含脂肪乳剂的肠外营养，B组（18例）接受含有脂肪乳剂的肠外营养。两组病人的一般临床情况、营养热量分布一致。分别于术前、术后不同时段测定血清中皮质醇、IL－6和IL－10、T细胞亚群、NK细胞活性、免疫球蛋白和血清蛋白浓度。结果：术后第1、3天两组病人血清皮质醇和IL－6水平均显著升高（P＜0．01），且B组显著高于A组。术后两组CD3^ 、DC4^ 、CD4^ /CD8^ 均显著降低（P＜0．01）。术后10天B组CD4^ /CD8^ 比值显著低于A组（P＜0．05）。术后3天CD4^ /CD8^ 比值与血清皮质醇呈显著正相关，亦与术后第1天IL－6水平呈显著正相关。然而，术后血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平无显著变化，两组间亦无显著差异。结论：含大剂量亚油酸的脂肪乳剂能提高机体的应激反应及应激诱导的免疫抑制。     

Effect of Fermented Soybean Meal on Intestinal Morphology and Digestive Enzyme Activities in Weaned Piglets

The objective of the current experiment was to investigate the effect of Bacillus subtilis fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on intestinal morphology and digestive enzyme activities in piglets. Sixty crossbred (Duroc×Landrance×Yorkshire) piglets at an average weight of 8.62 kg were randomly allotted to two treatments and fed diets containing soybean meal (SBM) and FSBM, respectively. At the end of the experimental period, six piglets of each treatment were slaughtered humanly to collect the contents and tissue samples at three different locations in small intestine. Light microscopy and scanning electron indicated that piglets fed FSBM had a higher (P<0.05) villus height at three different locations of small intestine and had la ower (P<0.05) crypt depth in the duodenum compared to piglets fed SBM. The results showed that activities of total protease and trypsin at the duodenum and jejunum of piglets fed with FSBM increased (P<0.05) compared with the control. The trypsin activity in the pancreas of piglets decreased (P<0.05) when they were fed with FSBM. The results showed that FSBM improved intestinal morphology and digestive enzyme activities in weaned piglets.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定大豆异黄酮多种组分

目的建立同时测定保健食品中大豆异黄酮多种组分的高效液相色谱法。方法样品中的大豆异黄酮采用甲醇＋水提取,经C18柱分离,在紫外检测器254nm波长处检测。结果此方法的回收率为91．9％～102．0％,RSD为2．5％。结论此方法操作简单,准确可靠,为保健食品中大豆异黄酮含量的检测提供参考。     

Assessment of the contents of phytic acid and divalent cations in low phytic acid (lpa) mutants of rice and soybean

The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of mutational breeding on the contents of nutritionally relevant minerals in low phytic acid (lpa) mutants compared to their wild-types. Three lpa rice (Os-lpa-XQZ-1, Os-lpa-XS110-1, Os-lpa-XS110-2) and two lpa soybean mutants (Gm-lpa-TW75-1, Gm-lpa-ZC-2) were analyzed regarding their contents of phytic acid, lower inositol phosphates and the minerals calcium, iron and zinc. Additionally, cadmium was included into the spectrum of divalent cations analyzed. The phytic acid reduction in lpa rice was consistently more pronounced in Os-lpa-XS110-1 than in Os-lpa-XQZ-1 and Os-lpa-XS110-2. However, only for Os-lpa-XQZ-1, levels of calcium, iron and zinc were found to be consistently increased, whereas the cadmium level was shown to be predominantly decreased compared to the wild-type. Investigation of the two lpa soybean mutants, characterized by absence (Gm-lpa-TW75-1) and accumulation (Gm-lpa-ZC-2) of lower inositol phosphates, respectively, revealed no consistently decreased or increased contents of calcium, iron, zinc and cadmium. The data do not change the view that lpa mutations do not result in systematic increases or decreases of mineral contents in these crops. However, on the basis of the molar ratios of phytate/minerals in lpa rice and soybean mutants which are considered as predictive parameters, an improved bioavailability of minerals in the lpa materials can be expected.     

高效液相色谱法测定食品中大豆异黄酮

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定食品中大豆异黄酮（包括染料木黄酮和大豆苷元）的含量，探讨样品的提取方法及测定影响因素。方法：样品经0.50mol/L盐酸回液和乙醇提取大豆异黄酮后，采用甲醇－0.01mol/L乙酸铵溶液（pH4.5)(60 40)作为流动相分离待测物质，等度洗脱，采用紫外检测器于254nm波长下测定。结果：染料木黄酮的检出限为0．04μg/ml，大豆苷元为0．05μg/ml，样品的加标回收率为91．4％－113．1％，日内和日间相对标准偏差分别为1．1％－2．8％和2．9％－5．1％。结论：本法简便、快速，易于推广普及，为大豆及其制品和保健食品中大豆异黄酮的检测和膳食摄取植物性雌激素提供了分析方法。     

大豆异黄酮抑制大鼠前列腺增生及其作用机制

目的观察大豆异黄酮(SI)对良性前列腺增生(BPH)大鼠体内性激素、生长因子及细胞凋亡相关基因的影响,探讨SI对BPH的防治及作用机制。方法选择SPF级健康成年雄性SD大鼠100只,随机分为正常对照(NC)组、BPH模型组、低剂量[6 mg/(kg·d)]SI组、中剂量[12 mg/(kg·d)]SI组及高剂量[24 mg/(kg·d)]SI组,每组各20只。灌胃给药4周后麻醉处理大鼠,腹主动脉取血,制备血清;完整摘取大鼠前列腺组织。称重测定前列腺组织湿质量,计算前列腺指数(PI);酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定大鼠血清雌二醇(E2)、睾酮(T)水平;免疫质印迹法(Western blotting)检测前列腺组织Fas、Fas L、Bax、Bcl-2、表皮生长因子(EGF)及其受体EGFR的表达。结果与NC组比,BPH组前列腺组织湿质量及PI均较明显增加(P<0.05);血清E2及T水平均显著升高(P<0.05);前列腺组织中Fas L、Bcl-2、EGF及EGFR表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05),而Fas和Bax表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。与BPH组比,中、高剂量SI组前列腺组织湿质量及PI均明显减少(P<0.05);血清E2及T水平均显著下降(P<0.05);前列腺组织中Fas L、Bcl-2、EGF及EGFR表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05),而Fas和Bax表达水平显著升高(P<0.05);其中,中剂量SI组各指标变化较低、高剂量组更显著(P<0.05)。结论 SI对BPH具有较好的抑制作用,其中中剂量SI作用效果更佳,其作用机制可能与调节机体性激素水平,下调生长因子及其受体表达以及调控细胞凋亡基因表达有关。     

营养乐粉对大鼠氮代谢影响的研究

本文研究了营养乐粉对幼龄大鼠氮代谢的影响。结果表明，2周后营养乐粉能明显升高氮平衡、氮储存、表观消化率，能增加大鼠净氮利用率。能促进幼龄大鼠体重的增加，使机体处于较高水平的正氮平衡状态。     

大豆磷脂脂质体对培养心肌细胞缺氧缺糖性损伤的影响

本文研究大豆磷脂脂质体对培养心肌细胞缺氧缺糖性损伤的影响。结果表明：在培养心肌细胞６小时缺氧缺糖的同时，补充大豆磷脂脂质体可抑制培养液中乳酸脱氢酶活性和心肌细胞内琥珀酸脱氢酶损伤反应的增加，减轻心肌Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋－三磷酸腺苷酶（ＡＴＰａｓｅ）活性的降低，提高心肌细胞总磷脂和总胆固醇含量。提示：大豆磷脂脂质体可减轻培养心肌细胞缺氧缺糖性损伤，可能与其作用于细胞膜脂质有关。     

Lipid Effects of Antihypertensive Drugs

Despite the well-established correlation between coronary heart disease (CHD) and hypertension, conventional anti-hypertensive therapy with diuretics and beta-adrenergic blockers has failed to provide protection against CHD. A possible explanation for this failure is the unfavourable effect such drugs have on lipid metabolism. To compare the lipid profiles of commonly used antihypertensive drugs, a survey was made of selected studies from the literature. Diuretics and selective and nonselective beta-blockers were found to have adverse effects on blood lipids. Beta-blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, labetalol, methyldopa, calcium channel blockers and ACE-inhibitors are lipid neutral, whereas alpha-adrenergic blockers seemed to have a favourable effect on lipid metabolism. Controlled clinical trials with drugs that have no adverse effects on lipid metabolism are needed to establish the long-term clinical importance of such agents.