The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and hypertension in primary hyperparathyroidism

To evaluate the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the hypertension associated with primary hyperparathyroidism, we measured plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration before and after maneuvers to suppress and stimulate this system in 11 hypertensive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. We also measured plasma or urinary norepinephrine concentration to examine the role of catecholamines in the hypertension. The results were compared with an age- and race-matched control population. While the mean plasma aldosterone concentrations were normal, the mean plasma renin activity in response to furosemide stimulation was subnormal in subjects with hyperparathyroidism. Plasma or urinary norepinephrine concentrations were within the normal range. Thus a specific abnormality of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system or catecholamines could not be identified in these hypertensives with primary hyperparathyroidism.     

p53-Ser~(392)的磷酸化在肿瘤治疗中的作用

磷酸化是p53转录后修饰最常见的方式,但对p53-Ser392的磷酸化在肿瘤治疗中的作用及具体机制知之甚少。我们就p53-Ser392的磷酸化状态对野生型及突变型p53功能的影响、放疗化疗因素及蛋白激酶对p53-Ser392的磷酸化水平的调节和p53-Ser392的磷酸化研究意义进行了阐述。     

PP2A Ligand ITH12246 Protects against Memory Impairment and Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice

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Behavioral analysis of predictive saccade tracking as studied by countermanding

The ability to make predictive saccadic eye movements is dependent on neural signals that anticipate the onset of a visual target. We used a novel paradigm—based on the saccade-countermanding task—as a tool to investigate rhythm saccade pacing and to provide information on the mechanisms of predictive timing. In particular, we examined the ability of normal subjects to stop a sequence of periodically paced eye movements when cued by a stop signal that was presented at different times with respect to the last target of the sequence (stop signal delay, SSD). The timing of the stop signal affected the ability to stop the saccadic sequence (make a saccade to a central target rather than to the peripheral alternating targets) in different ways, depending on the preceding tracking behavior. For the same SSD, subjects cancelled fewer trials during predictive tracking (promoted by tracking targets alternating at a fast pacing rate, 1.0 Hz) than during reactive tracking (tracking alternating targets at a low pacing rate, 0.2 Hz). In addition, on non-canceled trials, there was an increase in the delay of the corrective saccade to the central target with increasing SSD for pacing at 0.2 Hz, but the timing of the corrective saccade remained near constant for 1.0 Hz pacing. In examining the timing between movements, we estimate that the repetitive GO process that drives the saccades during predictive tracking begins earlier and has a shorter duration than the repetitive GO process during reactive tracking. These behavioral results provide further insight into the initiation process of predictive responses. In particular, the reduced reaction time and the corresponding short duration of the predictive process may result from a faster accumulation of neuronal discharge to a relatively fixed threshold.     

Changes in Energy Intake and Diet Quality during an 18-Month Weight-Management Randomized Controlled Trial in Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Background

Previous research indicates that individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) are at risk for poor diet quality.

Retention of Tourniquet Application Skills Following Participation in a Bleeding Control Course

IntroductionThe American College of Surgeons’ Stop the Bleed program has trained more than 1 million individuals to recognize and treat external hemorrhage. Central to this training is tourniquet application. No published studies review the retention of this skill after initial class participation.MethodsOne hundred fourteen volunteers agreed to participate. A random sample of 57 was selected and 46 participated. Upon return 6 months later, each participant demonstrated tourniquet application. An observer compared the application process with steps on a checklist. Each step completed correctly was tallied, and the total score for all 10 steps was computed as a percentage correct between 0% and 100%.ResultsThe baseline score on the tourniquet skill test was 100% following initial training. At 6 months, mean scores were lower, 69% (SD = 31%) (χ² = 52.09, df = 1, P < 0.001). Fourteen volunteers (30%) attained a score of 100%, and 28 volunteers (61%) achieved a passing score. Bleeding was stopped or reduced to non–life-threatening levels by 34 participants (74%). Participants with passing scores were more likely to stop or reduce the bleeding than those with failing scores (97% vs 35%; χ² = 20.99, df = 1, P < 0.001). Of the 17 volunteers who failed, 18% stopped the bleeding, 18% slowed bleeding to a non–life-threatening level, and 64% were unable to control bleeding.DiscussionAt 6 months, 39% of participants were unable to successfully apply a tourniquet, and 26% were unable to control life-threatening bleeding. This study demonstrates that refresher training is needed within 6 months of initial training.     

A Study of Ser217Leu and Ala541Thr Polymorphism in the Men Afflicted with Prostate Cancer and in the Men being Suspicious of Prostate Cancer

Background and objective: Prostate cancer is one of the most widespread cancers among men throughout the world. In addition, it is the second cause of death after lung cancer. Occurrence of the prostate cancer is variable in various regions of the world. Solely, there are three known risk factors for the prostate cancer, including: Age, inheritance and ethnic origin. ELAC2 protein is a phosphodiesterase enzyme encoded by ELAC2 gene in human. This gene is placed on chromosome 17, and it is believed that product of the mentioned gene is an endonuclease contributed in puberty of mitochondrion’s tRNA. From clinical viewpoint, variables of ELAC2 gene such as Ser217Leu and Ala541Thr Missense mutations which are accompanied by hereditary prostate cancer (HPC2).Objective of this study is to investigate Ser217Leu (rs4792311) and Ala541Thr (rs5030739) polymorphisms in the individuals with prostate cancer or those who are suspicious of prostate cancer with family past record/history. Study method: In this study conducted by case-control method in 2018, 102 men with prostate cancer and 98 men being suspicious of prostate cancer out of 10 families referred to shahid Rajaei Hospital in Tonekabon county to study and check were investigated. After collection of data using questionnaire, sampling from individuals and performance of the rest steps, study of polymorphism was carried out by PCR sequencing technique, and the results were analyzed by Chromas software. Finding: Of the total studied 102 individuals, 44 individuals (43.1%) were homozygote for Ser217Leu mutation, 36 individuals (35.2%) were heterozygote and 22 individuals (21.5%) lacked Missense mutation. for Ala541Thr mutation, 18 ones (17.6%) were heterozygote and 84 ones (82.3%) lacked Missense mutation. For Ser217Leu mutation, out of 98 suspicious individuals, 21 individuals (21.4%) were homozygote. 6 individuals (6.1%) were heterozygote and 71 individuals (72.4%) lacked the mutation. For Ala541Thr mutation, 15 ones (15.3%) were homozygote and 84 ones (84.6%) lacked the studied mutation. Conclusion: Results of this research showed that, in the individuals with the prostate cancer, there is a relationship between Ser217Leu and Ala541Thr polymorphism of ELAC2 gene and/with prostate cancer, and the suspicious individuals gotten involved in the mutation must take action to prevent this cancer.     

RhoA和肌球蛋白轻链在肝纤维化大鼠肝组织中的表达

目的观察Rho/Rho激酶信号转导通路关键信号分子RhoA和磷酸化肌球蛋白轻链[p-MLC(Thr18/Ser19)]在大鼠肝纤维化组织中的表达规律。方法HE及Masson三色染色观察肝病理组织学变化;用Western blot检测RhoA、p-MLC(Thr18/Ser19)蛋白的表达;RT-PCR方法检测RhoAmRNA的表达。结果随着肝纤维化的进展,RhoA、p-MLC(Thr18/Ser19)蛋白表达明显增加,RhoAmRNA基因表达也逐渐加强。RhoA和p-MLC(Thr18/Ser19)分别与α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)呈显著正相关。结论Rho/Rho激酶信号转导通路在肝纤维化形成过程中发生变化。     

山苦瓜化学成分及药理作用的研究进展

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