Self‐reported previous knee injury and low knee function increase knee injury risk in adolescent female football

Knee injuries are common in adolescent female football. Self‐reported previous knee injury and low Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) are proposed to predict future knee injuries, but evidence regarding this in adolescent female football is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate self‐reported previous knee injury and low KOOS subscale score as risk factors for future knee injuries in adolescent female football. A sample of 326 adolescent female football players, aged 15–18, without knee injury at baseline, were included. Data on self‐reported previous knee injury and KOOS questionnaires were collected at baseline. Time‐loss knee injuries and football exposures were reported weekly by answers to standardized text‐message questions, followed by injury telephone interviews. A priori, self‐reported previous knee injury and low KOOS subscale scores (< 80 points) were chosen as independent variables in the risk factor analyses. The study showed that self‐reported previous knee injury significantly increased the risk of time‐loss knee injury [relative risk (RR): 3.65, 95% confidence (CI) 1.73–7.68; P < 0.001]. Risk of time‐loss knee injury was also significantly increased in players with low KOOS subscale scores (< 80 points) in Activities of Daily Living (RR: 5.0), Sport/Recreational (RR: 2.2) and Quality of Life (RR: 3.0) (P < 0.05). In conclusion, self‐reported previous knee injury and low scores in three KOOS subscales significantly increase the risk of future time‐loss knee injury in adolescent female football.     

电话或手机短信随访对提高肺结核患者抗结核治疗疗效的作用

目的探讨电话或手机短信随访对提高肺结核患者抗结核治疗疗效的作用。方法选取我院收治的400例经确诊的肺结核病患者并随机抽取分成两组：实验组200例,实行电话或短信随访跟踪治疗;对照组200例,实行常规门诊随访。随访时间为6个月,比较两组患者随访后对肺结核认知与治疗依从性的差别。结果6个月随访后,两组对肺结核相关知识的掌握情况以及治疗依从性方面都存在明显差别,胸部X线片吸收情况存在差别,观察组均优于对照组,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论电话或短信随访方式可行性较好,能够提高肺结核病患者抗结核治疗效果．值得推广应用。     

Role of Der p 1–specific B cells in immune tolerance during 2 years of house dust mite–specific immunotherapy

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Evaluating the reliability, validity, acceptability, and practicality of SMS text messaging as a tool to collect research data: results from the Feeding Your Baby project

Objective

To test the reliability, validity, acceptability, and practicality of short message service (SMS) messaging for collection of research data.

Materials and methods

The studies were carried out in a cohort of recently delivered women in Tayside, Scotland, UK, who were asked about their current infant feeding method and future feeding plans. Reliability was assessed by comparison of their responses to two SMS messages sent 1 day apart. Validity was assessed by comparison of their responses to text questions and the same question administered by phone 1 day later, by comparison with the same data collected from other sources, and by correlation with other related measures. Acceptability was evaluated using quantitative and qualitative questions, and practicality by analysis of a researcher log.

Results

Reliability of the factual SMS message gave perfect agreement. Reliabilities for the numerical question were reasonable, with κ between 0.76 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.96) and 0.80 (95% CI 0.59 to 1.00). Validity for data compared with that collected by phone within 24 h (κ =0.92 (95% CI 0.84 to 1.00)) and with health visitor data (κ =0.85 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.97)) was excellent. Correlation validity between the text responses and other related demographic and clinical measures was as expected. Participants found the method a convenient and acceptable way of providing data. For researchers, SMS text messaging provided an easy and functional method of gathering a large volume of data.

Conclusion

In this sample and for these questions, SMS was a reliable and valid method for capturing research data.     

siRNA干扰Caco-2细胞鞘磷脂合酶2 (SMS2)基因对药物转运体的影响

 目的  研究鞘磷脂合酶2 (sphingomyelin synthase 2,SMS2)缺损对人结肠癌细胞(colon cancer cell,Caco-2)中药物转运体P 糖蛋白(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)及多药耐药相关蛋白2 (multidrug resistance-associated protein 2,MRP2)的表达与功能的影响。方法  SMS2特异性siRNA转染至Caco-2细胞。采用RT-PCR和real-time PCR检测SMS2-特异性siRNA的干扰效率;采用Western blot法检测siRNA转染后P-gp和 MRP2蛋白表达的变化;采用胞内蓄积试验,通过HPLC检测P-gp及MRP2专一性底物罗丹明123及普伐他汀的蓄积含量,分析下调SMS2水平对Caco-2细胞中P-gp及MRP2功能的影响。结果  应用siRNA下调SMS2水平后,P-gp和MRP2的蛋白质水平均显著下调;胞内蓄积实验结果显示罗丹明123及普伐他汀的蓄积量明显增加,说明P-gp和MRP2的外排功能减弱。结论  SMS2基因表达下调对Caco-2细胞中P-gp和MRP2的表达以及功能均有显著影响。     

基于内容的短信分类技术

研究了一种基于改进贝叶斯算法的短信分类方法。对中文文本短信,采用文档频度(DF)的特征项提取方法,借助自建短信语料库对改进的贝叶斯分类器进行了实验测试。实验结果表明：改进的分类器可以提高正常短信的通过率,并可以根据新的训练集训练出个性化的分类器,适应短信变化,满足用户的个性化需求,还结合黑白名单过滤机制实现对短信的过滤,减少了正常短信的误判率。     

生脉散多糖的组成及其初级结构分析

目的：研究复方中药制剂中多糖与单方多糖之间的组成关系,以及生脉散多糖的初级结构分析。方法：提取和精制了生脉散（SMS）单方药材红参、麦冬、五味子中多糖成分;然后采用Sephadex G-75柱层析分离纯化SMS多糖,得一浅黄色SMS多糖纯品,经紫外光谱、Sephadex G－200凝胶柱层析和琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测证明为均一组分。同时采用Sephadex G-200凝胶柱层析,测得SMS多糖组成。运用TLC法和HPLC法测定了SMS多糖纯品的单糖组成;并采用IR,高碘酸氧化和Smith降解推知其初级结构。结果：SMS多糖由红参多糖,麦冬多糖和五味子多糖所组成,其中含有葡萄糖、L－鼠李糖、D－木糖、D－果糖、半乳糖和乳糖等多种单糖,主要糖苷键为α－构型;多糖糖苷键以1→4连接键为主,1→3为次。结论：首次报道了生脉散多糖的组成及其初级结构分析。     

Mobile daily diaries to characterize stressors and acute health symptoms in an environmental justice neighborhood

Low-income communities and communities of color face multiple, cumulative environmental and social burdens. Methods development in environmental justice research has largely focused on spatial and quantitative approaches. Less attention has been paid to developing methodologies that help collect information on everyday stressors and quality of life experiences for residents in overburdened communities. Mixed methods approaches can be one way to structure study designs that help consider how residents experience environmental and socioeconomic impacts in a localized community context. In neighborhoods burdened by cumulative stressors, traditional cross-sectional epidemiological research designs can also be challenging, as well as limited or narrow in their application. However, repeat sampling of measures within a vulnerable population can approach a quasi-experimental design and help consider variations within residents in a single neighborhood as well as better parse relationships between exposures and outcomes. Through a community-academic partnership with university partners, local community partners, and a local promotores de salud (community health workers) network, we pilot tested a novel mobile daily diary approach in both English and Spanish in an urban, predominantly immigrant community in South Los Angeles as a potential method to collect information on daily stress, environmental quality, and health status/symptoms. We collected resident responses via a once per day 7-day SMS/text messaging survey. We sought to gather granular data on daily resident experiences of air pollution and environmental hazards. Residents reported acute health symptoms and stressors, with repeat measures demonstrating how residents might rank, categorize, or cope with stressors. We find that residents in environmental justice communities record variation in their daily diary responses and document changes in environmental quality, stressors, and odors. Refining this type of method could enable a more rigorous examination of co-occurrences of environmental quality and acute health symptoms. This approach supports the inclusion of residents in the research process and helps more systematically integrate open-ended environmental health relevant data in environmental justice efforts. Used with measured data such as air monitoring or health measures, mixed methods generated data can help support efforts that aim to alleviate sources of daily stress, alongside efforts to reduce overall pollution burdens. Mobile daily diaries can be one way to capture variable responses to environmental quality, acute health symptoms, and stressors.