提高高血压有效治疗的社区工作进展

目的：提高社区居民对高血压的认识和治疗的依从性,以提高高血压的有效控制率,减少并发症。方法：以我社区医院的健康档案或门诊收集病人,建立高血压随访档案,每月不定期随访血压状态,给与个体化治疗指导。结果：一定程度上提高了社区居民对高血压的认识和控制,节约了一定的费用。     

建立农村地区结核病防治体系控制肺结核流行的效果

目的探讨建立农村地区结核病防治体系控制肺结核流行的技术策略,为政府决策提供科学依据。方法通过世行贷款/英国赠款、全球基金及FIDELIS三个结核病控制项目的实施,筛选科学有效的肺结核防治策略,回顾性分析预防控制效果以检验其可行性。结果全市肺结核免费筛查范围扩大3.3倍,医疗机构疑似病人报告率提高31.3%,全人口初诊病人就诊率提高202%,新涂阳肺结核病人发现率由33.3%提高到72.2%,新涂阳病人2月末痰菌阴转率由88.7%提高到93.8%,治愈率由84.1%提高到92.7%;肺结核病人就诊延迟率由71.7%下降至40.0%,治疗中断率由9.1%下降至4.2%,农村群众结核病防治知识知晓率由31.2%提高到65.6%,每年可保护健康人群5.38万人,7年累计减少肺结核病人37660人。结论坚持一个原则,建立一个机制,加强一个建设,落实一个保障,健全一个网络,实施一个规范,推行四大策略的农村地区结核病防治体系和工作模式,预防控制效果良好,社会效益显著,对实现结核病防治规划目标,提高整体工作质量有明显推动作用。     

胎盘早剥23例临床研究

目的：通过对23例胎盘早剥的临床分析,探讨胎盘早剥早期诊断和积极处理的重要性。方法：将23例胎盘早剥按发病诱因、症状、体征、超声结果、母婴结局进行探讨。结果：胎盘早剥发生率为0．488％,其中妊娠期高血压5例,外伤、咳嗽及性生活引起4例,原因不明12例,围产儿死亡率为0．17％,腹痛及阴道流血为主要症状。结论：胎盘早剥对母儿生命威胁很大,早期诊断非常重要。并发症主要有产后出血、子宫胎盘卒中等,一旦确诊,必须立即终止妊娠。     

环保型氯硝柳胺缓释球杀灭血吸虫尾蚴现场研究

目的 研制环保型氯硝柳胺缓释球杀灭血吸虫病易感地带水体中尾蚴效果。方法用制球机将50％氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂、聚乙烯醇和红壤制成直径25mm的缓释球。在血吸虫病易感地带按1m。投一个缓释球进行杀灭尾蚴试验。用哨（小）鼠疫水测定法考核缓释球杀灭尾蚴的效果。结果缓释球在室内水体中,氯硝柳胺的月平均浓度从第1个月的2．11mg／L降至第5个月的0．54mg／L。在室内水体中,缓释球释放的氯硝柳胺沿水平方向扩散快,垂直方向扩散慢。在试验区投缓释球后7d,氯硝柳胺浓度底层水和表层水分别为2．36mg／L和0．9mg／L,60d后分别为0．68mg／L和0．20mg／L。投缓释球前试验区和对照区小鼠感染率分别为71．4％和84．0％（x^2=1．728,P〉0．05）,平均虫荷分别为2．1条,鼠和5．5条,鼠。投缓释球后30d,试验区和对照区小鼠感染率分别为58．33％和97．06％,平均虫荷分别为2．08条,鼠和15．97条,鼠（x^2=13．728,t=7．148,P均〈0．001）;投缓释球后60d,小鼠感染率分别为13．04％和38．88％,平均虫荷分别0．30条,鼠和0．89条,鼠（x^2=1．288,t=1．778,P均〉0．05）。结论现场应用环保型氯硝柳胺缓释球,30d杀灭血吸虫尾蚴的效果明显高于60d,并且对鱼类无伤害。     

二连口岸5274名出入境人员脂肪肝检查结果分析

目的通过对出入境人员肝脏B超、血样检查结果分析,确定这一人群脂肪肝的患病情况,以便更加有效地为出入境人员进行健康咨询和指导。方法采用韩国SA-3200B型超声诊断仪和荷兰MEK-6318K型全自动生化分析仪,对2007年3～12月份经二连口岸5274名人员进行检查。结果检出脂肪肝768例,检出率为14．56％。结论其检查结果为出入境人员身体健康状况提供依据,有针对性开展健康咨询和指导。     

Within-stage racial differences in tumor size and number of positive lymph nodes in women with breast cancer

BACKGROUND: Black women have higher breast cancer mortality rates, are more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease, and have worse stage-for-stage survival than white women. It was hypothesized that differences in the tumor size and number of positive lymph nodes within each disease stage contribute to the survival disparity. METHODS: In the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, black and white women diagnosed with a first primary tumor (TNM stage I-IIIA breast cancer) between 1988 and 2003 were identified. The demographic and clinical characteristics were compared by race. Logistic regression models of the association between race and tumor size and lymph node status were developed. Cox proportional hazards models of the association between mortality and race, tumor size, lymph node status, and other covariates were also examined. RESULTS: Among 256,174 SEER cases (21,861 black and 234,313 white women), more black than white women with lymph node-negative breast cancer had tumors measuring >or=2.0 cm. Adjusted for tumor size, more black than white women had >or=1 positive lymph nodes (odds ratio [OR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.20-1.28). The age-adjusted and TNM stage-adjusted mortality rate ratio for blacks versus whites was 1.56 (95% CI, 1.51-1.61). Adjustment for within-stage differences in tumor size and lymph node involvement were found to have a negligible effect. With adjustment for additional covariates, the rate ratio was 1.39 (95% CI, 1.35-1.44). In addition, the rate ratio reflecting racial disparity increased as the stage of disease increased. CONCLUSIONS.: Adjusting for within-stage differences in tumor size and lymph node status did not appear to reduce the racial disparity. The finding that disparities increased with higher stage of disease suggests that interventions aimed at reducing these differences should target women with more advanced disease.     

淄博市实施世界银行贷款结核病控制项目效果评价

目的 对淄博市实施世界银行贷款结核病控制项目10年情况进行终期评价。方法 收集淄博市9个结核病项目区县的季报表、卫统14表和项目督导、调查资料。结果 10年累计接诊可疑肺结核症状80433人，发现、确诊登记活动性肺结核病人8795例，其中涂阳5554例。肺结核病例登记率1998年达到峰期，活动性、涂阳和新发涂阳分别为32／10万、20．9／10万和15．1／10万，涂阳病例所占比例平均为63．1％。新发涂阳平均治愈率达96．4％；复治涂阳平均治愈率达91．2％。结论 项目实施后，涂阳病人发现水平和治愈率明显提高，保护了健康人群，收到了巨大的社会和经济效益。     

Effects of plasma treatment time on modification of acrylic denture material

Objective：To study the relationship between plasma treatment time acrylic resin denture material in the size of 2 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm. and efficacy. Methods：Test specimens were prepared from an Plasma treatment was carried out on the surface of Polymethyl methacrylate（PMMA） at different time. XPS studies, IR spectra studies and measurement of wetting angle were performed. Results： XPS showed the peak corresponding to C-O getting higher as the treatment proceeded, however at 120 seconds, the peak did not increase any longer and partly crossed with the peak at the duration of 60 seconds. IR spectra showed the wave corresponding to C-H was reduced as O2-plasma treatment proceeded, and then changed little, Wetting angle initially decreased dramatically, however, as the reaction proceeded, wetting angle increased slightly. Conclusion：Equilibrium was reached for introducing oxygen-containing groups and changing of C-H. As the treatment proceeded, wetting angle increased slightly.