四川省双流县镇级医疗单位居民健康体检现状调查

目的 调查四川省双流县居民健康体检现状,探索适合小康型乡镇卫生院的居民健康体检模式,并为提高体检效果提供依据.方法 采用白行设计的调查表调查双流县24家镇级基层医疗单位(3家中心型卫生院、3家社区卫生服务中心及18家一般型卫生院)的居民健康体检的开展情况.同时设计访谈提纲,对负责居民体检工作管理及实施者进行个人访谈.使用Epidate 3.1录入数据,采用SPSS 17.0对调查数据进行定量处理,采用归类法对个人访谈资料进行定性研究.结果 2008～2010年8月双流县开展居民健康体检的基层医疗单位逐年增多,至2010年8月,全县24家镇级医疗单位已全部开展.但存在居民参检率不高、档案利用效果不佳等问题.结论 ①基层医疗单位开展居民健康体检应扎实做好体检工作准备,加强组织,扩大宣传,不断提高参检率;②加快健康档案的信息化建设,加快体检信息的处理分析;③应根据体检信息不断优化体检项目,提升体检人员资质,加快体检队伍建设.     

374名县医院医务人员吸烟行为及控烟态度调查

目的了解河南省某县医院医务人员吸烟行为及控烟态度现状,为实施控烟干预提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法问卷调查河南省某县医院医务人员吸烟行为及控烟现状。结果共调查374名在职员工,其中临床医生94人,医技人员43人,行政后勤人员39人,护理及其他人员198人,总吸烟率14.71%,男性吸烟率55.67%,高于女性（χ2=175.21,P〈0.001）。按性别分层分析显示,不同受教育程度和工作岗位的男性医务人员吸烟率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。吸烟者中临床医生与其他医务人员相比,工作时吸烟率差异无统计学意义（χ2=2.01,P=0.156）,休息时吸烟率较低（χ2=9.33,P=0.002）;在室外、洗手间吸烟率较低（P〈0.05）;在患者/家属面前吸烟、接受患者/家属敬烟、给别人敬烟等行为差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,在同事面前吸烟率较低（χ2=6.17,P=0.013）。临床医生及护士赞成医生工作时间不应吸烟的比例尚低于其他医务人员（χ2=5.38,P=0.020）。结论县级医院男性医务人员吸烟比例较高,对吸烟危害的认识普遍不足,主动戒烟比例较低,应在加强吸烟危害宣传的同时,在医务人员中开展强制戒烟     

袁秀丽学术思想浅析

袁秀丽主任医师系第六批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承工作指导老师,澄江学派四川名家陈治平先生亲传弟子。袁师注重学习经典,认为治病之要,首在治神;同时强调学习现代医学知识,临证灵活运用中西医手段,擅用针刺及中药治疗疾病。     

Silent chorioamnionitis as a cause of preterm labor refractory to tocolytic therapy

Thirty-seven consecutive patients with singleton pregnancies in "uncomplicated" preterm labor with intact membranes suitable for tocolysis were evaluated for evidence of silent chorioamnionitis by means of maternal serum C-reactive protein and amniotic fluid white blood cell count, Gram stain, and cultures. Abnormalities in these markers of infection were found to be significantly more common in cases that were refractory to tocolysis. These cases also showed both pathologic evidence of chorioamnionitis and a significantly greater neonatal early infectious morbidity. We conclude that silent chorioamnionitis is a significant cause of "uncomplicated" preterm labor refractory to conventional methods of tocolysis.     

Cervicovaginal fistula: an apparent increased incidence with prostaglandin F2alpha

A rare but difficult to treat complication of midtrimester abortion is cervicovaginal fistula. It has been reported as a consequence of criminal, spontaneous, and induced abortions with either laminaria, Hegar dilatation, puncture of the ovum, or by injection of soap. This condition was recently reported as a consequence of intraamniotic hypertonic saline or prostaglandin (PG) instillation. At the Women's Hospital in Los Angeles, 5291 midtrimester abortions with intraamniotic instillation of hypertonic saline had been performed since the advent of elective abortion. There were 4 cases of central cervical rupture (cervicovaginal fistula) for a net incidence of 1:1000. 3 out of 373 intraamniotic PGF2alpha-treated patients developed cervical fistula for an incidence 10 times higher than saline abortion. Other studies confirm this finding. If all such studies are combined, the net incidence is 9 in 678 cases or 1.3%. High risk patients include those who are pregnant for the 1st time, are less than 21 years old, and are treated with hypertonic saline augmented by oxytocin. The fistula may occur with intraamniotic PGF2alpha alone, but the incidence is greater in patients receiving PGs and oxytocin together. A recurring feature is a moderate to severe cramping pain without cervical response even before oxytocin is started. The use of mechanical dilatation of the cervix with the introduction of either laminaria tents or Foley catheters is suggested for primigravid patients receiving hypertonic saline and intravenous oxytocin augmentation. If cervical spasm is the mechanism of action of PGF2alpha, initial insertion of laminaria should be considered with all primigravid patients. Further study of a larger series should be done to elucidate the role of PGs in the development of cervicovaginal fistula. 7 case reports are presented.     

Multiple lentigines syndrome. Case report and review of the literature.

The multiple lentigines syndrome is reviewed and a new case is presented. The major features of this syndrome are lentigines and other cutaneous abnormalities, cardiac defects, meurologic defects, cephalofacila dysmorphism, shortness of stature, skeletal anomalies, genitourinary abnormalities, and a family history consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. The multiple lentigines syndrome manifests markedly variable expressivity; no single finding is pathognomonic and few patients have all major features. We propose specific criteria for diagnosis.     

Hyperglycemia in stressed small premature neonates.

The metabolic responses to a constant glucose infusion were measured in 30 premature infants, 700 to 1,550 gm. The study included 18 stressed premature infants who needed assisted ventilation, and 12 control premature infants. Metabolic measurements were similar in both groups in the cord and preinfusion samples. In the first postinfusion sample, glucose, cortisol, and glycerol values were higher in stressed than in control premature infants. Hyperglycemia was seen in 13 of stressed and in only one of control premature infants. Stressed infants who became hyperglycemic in the first postinfusion sample were then compared to stressed euglycemic infants. Insulin levels were higher, glycerol levels similar, but cortisol levels lower in stressed hyperglycemic than in stressed euglycemic premature infants. The etiology of hyperglycemia in stressed premature infants cannot be attributed to hypoinsulinemia or to hypercortisolemia, and is not associated with increased glycerol levels. There was no difference in mortality between stressed hyperglycemia and stressed euglycemic infants; stress, rather than hyperglycemia, was related to mortality.