耳聋左慈丸联合甲泼尼龙治疗突发性耳聋的临床研究

目的研究耳聋左慈丸联合注射用甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠治疗突发性耳聋的临床疗效。方法选取2017年1月—2018年12月阜阳市人民医院收治的103例突发性耳聋患者为研究对象,将所有患者采用随机数字表法分为对照组(51例)和治疗组(52例)。对照组患者鼓室注射注射用甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠,40 mg溶于适当生理盐水,1次/2 d;治疗组患者在对照组基础上口服耳聋左慈丸,1丸/次,2次/d。两组患者接受治疗10 d。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的听力阈值、血液流变学指标、血清炎症因子水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为82.35%、96.15%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者1、2、4 kHz的听力阈值较治疗前均显著下降,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗后治疗组患者1、2、4kHz的听力阈值明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原和血小板聚集率均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);并且治疗组患者血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原和血小板聚集率明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者超敏-C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平显著降低,白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平显著升高,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);并且治疗组患者hs-CRP、IL-10水平明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论耳聋左慈丸联合注射用甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠治疗突发性耳聋具有较好的临床疗效,能降低听力阈值,改善患者血液流变学指标,降低血清炎性因子水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

舒肝益脾胶囊联合恩替卡韦治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床研究

目的探讨舒肝益脾胶囊联合恩替卡韦分散片治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床疗效。方法选取2015年10月—2017年10月阳新县人民医院收治的100例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者为研究对象,将所有患者采用抽签方式分为对照组和治疗组,每组各50例。对照组患者口服恩替卡韦分散片,0.5 mg/次,1次/d。治疗组患者在对照组基础上口服舒肝益脾胶囊,5粒/次,3次/d。两组患者均接受治疗6个月。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的肝功能指标、肝纤维化指标。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为82.00%、96.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转氨酶(AST)和总胆红素(TBIL)水平均显著降低,白蛋白(ALB)水平显著升高,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);并且治疗组患者肝功能指标水平明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)水平均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);并且治疗组肝纤维化指标水平明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论舒肝益脾胶囊联合恩替卡韦分散片治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化具有较好的临床疗效,能有效改善患者肝功能和肝纤维化,安全性较好,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

UDCA联合异甘草酸镁治疗Ⅱ、Ⅲ期原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者的临床疗效观察

目的探讨熊去氧胆酸(UDCA)联合异甘草酸镁对早中期原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)患者的临床疗效。方法选择我院收治的53例PBC患者,随机分为治疗组(28例)和对照组(25例),治疗组给予UDCA联合异甘草酸镁,对照组单独给予UDCA;比较两组患者临床症状改善和患者免疫指标水平变化情况。结果治疗后治疗组血清TBil、AST、ALT、γ-GGT、ALP均明显低于对照组(P0.05);治疗组治疗4周后总有效率为82.14%,对照组为60.87%,治疗组显著高于对照组,两组相比差异具有统计学意义(χ2=11.102,P=0.000)。治疗后两组患者免疫指标均显著降低,其中治疗组各免疫指标降低水平显著优于对照组,两组间相比差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 UDCA联合异甘草酸镁治疗Ⅱ、Ⅲ期PBC患者可以显著改善患者的临床症状,提高临床疗效,且不良反应轻微,可以考虑作为PBC的治疗方法之一。     

肾肝宁胶囊联合他克莫司治疗肾病综合征的临床研究

目的研究肾肝宁胶囊联合他克莫司胶囊治疗肾病综合征的临床疗效。方法选取2016年4月—2019年4月天津市第三中心医院收治的100例肾病综合征患者为研究对象,所有患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,两组各50例。对照组口服他克莫司胶囊,0.05 mg/(kg·d),使血药浓度维持在10 ng/mL;治疗组在对照组基础上口服肾肝宁胶囊,3粒/次,3次/d。两组患者持续治疗2个月。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的肾功能指标、血清炎性因子水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为82.00%、94.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者24 h尿蛋白、血尿素氮和血肌酐水平均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);并且治疗组患者24h尿蛋白、血尿素氮和血肌酐水平明显低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);并且治疗组患者TNF-α、CRP水平均明显低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论肾肝宁胶囊联合他克莫司胶囊治疗肾病综合征具有较好的治疗效果,可改善肾功能指标,降低炎性反应,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

生血宝合剂联合利妥昔单抗治疗自身免疫性溶血性贫血的临床研究

目的研究生血宝合剂联合利妥昔单抗注射液治疗自身免疫性溶血性贫血的临床疗效。方法选取2017年12月—2018年12月绵阳市中心医院收治的80例自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者为研究对象,将所有患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各40例。对照组患者静脉注射利妥昔单抗注射液,100 mg次加入到5%葡萄糖溶液中,稀释到1 mg/mL,1次/周;治疗组在对照组基础上口服生血宝合剂,15 mL/次,3次/d。两组患者持续治疗30 d。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的生化指标水平、免疫功能指标。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为77.50%、92.50%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者红细胞计数(RBC)和血红蛋白(HGB)水平均显著升高,网织红细胞百分率(Ret)水平显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组患者生化指标水平明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组患者CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、NK水平均显著升高,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组免疫功能指标水平显著高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论生血宝合剂联合利妥昔单抗注射液治疗自身免疫性溶血性贫血具有较好的治疗效果,可改善免疫功能,调节RBC、HGB、Ret水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

The impact of interpregnancy weight change on perinatal outcomes in women and their children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Prepregnancy overweight and obesity are associated with higher risk of perinatal complications. However, the effect of weight change prior to pregnancy on perinatal outcome is largely unknown. Therefore, it is aimed to examine the impact on perinatal outcomes of interpregnancy BMI change in women of different BMI categories. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and CINAHL databases were searched (1990‐August 2019). Observational studies on interpregnancy BMI change were selected. Outcomes evaluated were gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia, gestational hypertension (GH), cesarean section, preterm birth, and newborns being large (LGA) or small (SGA) for gestational age. Meta‐analyses and meta‐regression analyses were executed. Thirty studies were included (n > 1 million). Interpregnancy BMI gain was associated with a higher risk of GDM (for BMI gain ≥3 kg/m²: OR 2.21; [95%CI 1.53‐3.19]), preeclampsia (1.77 [1.53‐2.04]), GH (1.78 [1.61‐1.97]), cesarean section (1.32 [1.24‐1.39]), and LGA (1.54 [1.28‐1.86]). The effects of BMI gain were most pronounced in women with BMI <25 kg/m² before the first pregnancy regarding GDM, GH, and cesarean section. Except for LGA, interpregnancy BMI loss did not result in a decreased risk of perinatal complications. In this study, women of normal weight who gain weight before pregnancy were identified as a high‐risk population for perinatal complications. This emphasizes that weight management is important for women of all BMI categories and a pregnancy wish.     

Association of pulse pressure,pulse pressure index,and ambulatory arterial stiffness index with kidney function in a cross‐sectional pediatric chronic kidney disease cohort from the CKiD study

The morbidity and mortality of adult and pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) populations are mainly driven by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Improving CVD outcomes focuses on risk assessment of factors including diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), pulse pressure (PP), and pulse pressure index (PPi), which is calculated as PP/SBP. These markers are also proven predictors of CKD progression; however, their role in children has not been established. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between PP, PPi, ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI), and proteinuria with kidney function in pediatric CKD patients; it is a retrospective analysis of 620 patients (1‐16 years) from the NIDDK Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) registry. The authors analyzed data for three separate cohorts: an overall CKD as well as immunological versus non‐immunological cause for CKD groups. An inverse relationship was found between SBP, DBP, and PP with iGFR and LVMI in the overall CKD group. Our immunological CKD subgroup showed significantly higher serum creatinine, SBP, DBP, and PP values with significantly lower serum albumin levels compared to the non‐immunological group. There were no significant differences with iohexol‐based glomerular filtration rate (iGFR), LVMI, PPi, or high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) between the two groups. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that SBP, DBP, and PP all correlated significantly with LVMI in the immunological CKD patients but not the non‐immunological subgroup. Additionally, AASI data in the overall CKD population were significantly correlated with PP, PPi, and DBP. This study is one of the first to correlate noninvasive measurements of vascular compliance including PP, PPi, and AASI with iGFR and LVMI in a pediatric CKD cohort. Improving our understanding of surrogate markers for early CVD is integral to improving the care of pediatric CKD population as these patients have yet to develop the hard end points of ESRD, heart failure, myocardial infarction, or stroke.     

Body mass index trajectory across childhood and subsequent risk of elevated blood pressure

We investigated the relationship between the body mass index (BMI) trajectory across childhood and the subsequent occurrence of elevated blood pressure (BP) in the Chinese pediatric population. The study cohort from the China Health and Nutrition Survey comprised 1484 children, each of whom underwent three BP and BMI assessments during childhood and had a non‐elevated BP during the first childhood assessment. A group‐based trajectory model was used to identify four distinct BMI trajectories across childhood: lean‐stable increase, medium‐marked increase, heavy marked decrease, and heavy marked increase. Elevated BP in childhood was as defined in the China''s national BP reference for children. Covariate‐adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of BMI trajectories with elevated BP. Overall, 27.6% of all participants between 3 and 13 years of age during the first childhood assessment developed elevated BP during a mean 6.5‐year follow‐up. Compared with participants in the lean‐stable increase group, those in the medium‐marked increase and heavy marked increase groups were more likely to have elevated BP (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], OR [95% CI]: 1.46 [1.08, 1.96] and 5.29 [2.44, 11.48], respectively; P _s < .05). The OR for the heavy marked decrease group was not statistically significant (OR [95% CI]: 1.58 [0.80, 3.13]; P = .192). In summary, distinct BMI trajectories conferred significantly different odds of elevated BP upon children, thus underscoring the importance of weight management in early life.