冠心病男性患者经皮冠脉介入治疗的预后预测因素

目的　探讨影响男性患者经皮冠脉介入治疗 (PCI)中期预后的危险因素。方法　 10 4例男性冠心病患者入选 ,包括急性心肌梗死 6 1例 ,不稳定性心绞痛 4 3例。随访 (11.9± 8.7)个月。综合患者的人群因素、无创检查、合并症情况和冠状动脉造影情况 ,进行Logistic回归分析。结果　分析提示 ,以重要心脏不良事件为因变量 ,前降支近中段病变是有意义的预测因素 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,相关系数为 2 2 .0 0。其他因素为无意义变量 ,P >0 .0 5。结论　前降支近中段病变是男性急性冠脉综合征患者重要心脏不良事件的预测因素     

Effects of prior osteoporosis treatment on 12-month treatment response of romosozumab in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis

ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of prior treatment and determine the predictors of a 12-month treatment response of romosozumab (ROMO) in 148 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.MethodsIn this prospective, observational, and multicenter study, treatment naïve patients (Naïve; n = 50) or patients previously treated with bisphosphonates (BP; n = 37) or denosumab (DMAb; n = 45) or teriparatide (TPTD; n = 16) (mean age, 75.0 years; T-scores of the lumbar spine [LS] ?3.2 and total hip [TH] ?2.6) were switched to ROMO due to insufficient effects of prior treatment. Bone mineral density (BMD) and serum bone turnover markers were evaluated for 12 months.ResultsAt 12 months, changes in LS BMD were Naïve (18.2%), BP (10.2%), DMAb (6.4%), and TPTD (11.2%) (P < 0.001 between groups) and changes in TH BMD were Naïve (5.6%), BP (3.3%), DMAb (0.6%), and TPTD (4.4%) (P < 0.01 between groups), respectively. In all groups, the LS BMD significantly increased from baseline at 6 and 12 months, although only the DMAb group failed to obtain a significant increase in TH BMD during 12-month treatment. Mean values of N-terminal type I procollagen propeptide (PINP; μg/L) from baseline → 1 month → 12 months were Naïve (67.9 → 134.1 → 51.0), BP (32. 2 → 81.7 → 40.9), DMAb (30.4 → 56.2 → 75.3), and TPTD (97.4 → 105.1 → 37.1), and those of isoform 5b of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP-5b; mU/dL) were Naïve (500.4 → 283.8 → 267.1), BP (273.4 → 203.1 → 242.0), DMAb (220.3 → 246.1 → 304.8), and TPTD (446.6 → 305.1 → 235.7), respectively. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the significant predictors of BMD change at 12 months were difference of prior treatment (r = ?2.8, P < 0.001) and value of PINP at 1 month (r = 0.04, P < 0.01) for LS, and difference of prior treatment (r = ?1.3, P < 0.05) and percentage change of TRACP-5b at 1 month (r = ?0.06, P < 0.05) for TH.ConclusionsThe early effects of ROMO on LS and TH BMD increase at 12 months were significantly affected by the difference of prior treatment and are predicted by the early change in bone turnover markers.     

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: Clinical characteristics and long-term predictors

Few studies have examined the long-term prognosis of Chinese patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study assessed the clinical characteristics and predictors of vascular events occurring within 5 years after ICH.We included consecutive patients diagnosed with first-ever ICH between June 2013 and December 2014. Based on follow-up data (collected until December 2019), we used multivariable logistic regression to examine the clinical characteristics and long-term predictors of vascular events (including recurrent ICH, ischemic stroke, and acute coronary syndrome) in patients who survived more than 30 days after ICH.Across the 307 patients in our analysis, the 5-year mortality rate was 28.01%. Within 5 years after ICH, major vascular events were observed in 62 patients (17.82%, 95% CI 13.78–21.82%). We observed high incidence of recurrent ICH (8.91%) and ischemic stroke (10.06%), but low incidence of acute coronary syndrome (1.15%). Most cases of recurrent ICH (80.65%) occurred within 3 years after ICH. Age ≥56 years and history of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) were identified as predictors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.ICH survivors are at high risk of both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, especially older patients (≥56 years) and those who experienced ischemic stroke or TIA prior to their first ICH. Recurrent ICH is more likely to occur within the first three years after first ICH than at later times. Clinicians should monitor patients closely for adverse events, particularly during the first three years after initial ICH.     

Proteomics profiling reveals inflammatory biomarkers of antidepressant treatment response: Findings from the CO-MED trial

Animal and human studies suggest an association between depression and aberrant immune response. Further, common inflammatory markers may change during the course of antidepressant treatment in patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in inflammatory markers and clinical outcomes from subjects enrolled in the Combining Medications to Enhance Depression Outcome (CO-MED) trial. At baseline and week 12 (treatment completion), plasma samples of 102 participants were analyzed via a multiplex assay comprised of inflammatory markers using a 27-plex standard assay panel plus a 4-plex human acute phase xMAP technology based platform. We carried out analyses in two steps. First, t-tests were used to identify inflammatory marker levels that changed between baseline and week 12. For markers that were altered, logistic regression models were then conducted to look for associated changes in remission at week 12. Among the 31 inflammatory markers analyzed, several cytokines (IL-5, IFN-γ, IL-13), two chemokines (Eotaxin-1/CCL11, RANTES) and an acute-phase reactant (serum amyloid P component) showed change from baseline to week 12. However, only two indicated differential remission responses. Interestingly, increased levels of Eotaxin-1/CCL11 correlated with remission at week 12, whereas decreased levels of IFN-γ correlated with non-remission at week 12. Results suggest that these inflammatory proteins may serve as predictors of treatment response.     

Response and remission of subjective well-being in patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Background

Purpose of this study was to assess subjective well-being in schizophrenia inpatients and to find variables predictive for response and remission of subjective well-being.

Method

The subjective well-being under neuroleptic treatment scale (SWN-K) was used in 232 schizophrenia patients within a naturalistic multicenter trial. Early response was defined as a SWN-K total score improvement of 20% and by at least 10 points within the first 2 treatment weeks, response as an improvement in SWN-K total score of at least 20% and by at least 10 points from admission to discharge and remission in subjective well-being as a total score of more or equal to 80 points at discharge. Logistic regression and CART analyses were used to determine valid predictors of subjective well-being outcome.

Results

Twenty-nine percent of the patients were detected to be SWN-K early responders, 40% fulfilled criteria for response in subjective well-being and 66% fulfilled criteria for remission concerning subjective well-being. Among the investigated predictors, SWN-K early improvement and the educational status were significantly associated with SWN-K response. The SWN-K total score at baseline showed a significant negative predictive value for response. Baseline SWN-K total score, PANSS global subscore, and side effects as well as the educational status were found to be significantly predictive for remission.

Conclusions

Depressive symptoms should be radically treated and side effects closely monitored to improve the patient's subjective well-being. The important influence of subjective well-being on overall treatment outcome could be underlined.     

Predictors of outcome after decompressive lumbar surgery and instrumented posterolateral fusion

There has been no agreement among different authors on guidelines to specify the situations in which arthrodesis is justified in terms of results, risks and complications. The aim of this study was to identify preoperative predictors of outcome after decompressive lumbar surgery and instrumented posterolateral fusion. A prospective observational study design was performed on 203 consecutive patients. Potential preoperative predictors of outcome included sociodemographic factors as well as variables pertaining to the preoperative clinical situation, diagnosis, expectations and surgery. Separate multiple linear regression models were used to assess the association between selected predictors and outcome variables, defined as the improvement after 1 year on the visual analog scale (VAS) for back pain, VAS for leg pain, physical component scores (PCS) of SF-36 and Oswestry disability index (ODI). Follow-up was available for 184 patients (90.6%). Patients with higher educational level and optimistic preoperative expectations had a more favourable postoperative leg pain (VAS) and ODI. Smokers had less leg pain relief. Patients with better mental component score (emotional health) had greater ODI improvement. Less preoperative walking capacity predicted more leg pain relief. Patients with disc herniation had greater relief from back pain and more PCS and ODI improvement. More severe lumbar pain was predictive of less improvement on ODI and PCS. Age, sex, body mass index, analgesic use, surgeon, self-rated health, the number of decompressed levels and the length of fusion had no association with outcome. This study concludes that a higher educational level, optimistic expectations for improvement, the diagnosis of “disc herniation”, less walking capacity and good emotional health may significantly improve clinical outcome. Smoking and more severe lumbar pain are predictors of worse results.     

Clinical predictors of steroid-induced exacerbation in myasthenia gravis

Although oral corticosteroids are effective for the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG), the possibility of steroid-induced exacerbation of symptoms, especially during the initial course of steroid therapy, has limited their use patients with severe MG. However, the factors influencing or predicting in exacerbation are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical factors that predict the initial paradoxical exacerbation of MG in response to steroid therapy. Fifty-five consecutive patients who were administered for the first time high doses of prednisone (40-80 mg) in a tertiary medical centre in Seoul, were included. Prednisone-induced exacerbation was defined as a significant reduction in a patient's Myasthenia Gravis Severity Scale (MSS) score within 4 weeks of prednisone administration. We divided the patients into two groups on the basis of whether or not they experienced prednisone-induced exacerbation, and investigated the differences between the two groups with respect to clinical, laboratory and electrophysiological features. Twenty-three patients (42%) experienced definite exacerbation after prednisone therapy. Older age, predominantly severe bulbar symptoms, and low MSS score were found to be significant clinical predictors of exacerbation by multivariate logistic regression analysis. A high daily dosage of prednisone relative to body weight was found to be neither a predictor of exacerbation nor a predictor of early improvement in bivariate correlation analysis. Steroid-induced exacerbation in MG is a frequently encountered and challenging problem. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of exacerbation of MG when prescribing prednisone, especially when treating elderly, bulbar dominant, or severely myasthenic patients.     

microRNA在急性胰腺炎患者外周血中表达的意义

目的 通过检测血清microRNA变化,预判急性胰腺炎的病情严重度并探讨影响经皮置管引流(PCD)治疗的因素.方法 回顾性分析2013年10月至2014年3月成都军区总医院收治的120例急性胰腺炎患者的临床资料并采集其外周血,35例急性重度胰腺炎(SAP)、急性中重度胰腺炎(MSAP)为A组,85例急性轻度胰腺炎(MAP)为B组.对所有患者进行APACHE Ⅱ、Reason、BISAP评分,用实时定量PCR法进行定量检测患者血清中miR-146a、miR-10b、miR-21、miR-26a表达水平,比较两组之间的4种microRNA表达差异以及与评分系统间的相关性,并分析影响PCD治疗的因素.计量资料采用t检验,变量间关系采用直线相关分析.单因素和多因素分析采用Logistic回归.结果 (1)APACHEⅡ、RANSON、BISAP评分:A组分别为(8.28±0.61)分、(3.42±0.54)分、(1.71±0.32)分;B组分别为(3.18±0.52)分、(1.43±0.25)分、(0.37±0.06)分,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=4.266,7.809,4.113,P＜0.05).(2)血清miR-146a、miR-10b、miR-21、miR-26a表达水平:A组分别为1.41±0.21、2.94±0.49、1.62±0.25、1.21±0.20;B组分别为6.29±0.91、0.52±0.09、2.82±0.33、3.57±0.64.miR-146a、miR-10b在两组间差异有统计学意义(=-2.156,2.110,P＜0.05),而miR-21、miR-26a两组间差异无统计学意义(t=-1.114,-1.571,P ＞0.05).(3)相关性:A组miR-146a、miR-10b与APACHEⅡ、RANSON、BISAP评分有相关性(r=-0.826、0.837,-0.874、0.866,-0.833、0.899,P＜0.05).而miR-21、miR-26a表达水平与APACHE Ⅱ、RANSON、BISAP评分无相关性(r=0.642、0.321,0.701、0.750,0.716、0.716,P＞0.05).B组miR-146a、miR-10b、miR-21、miR-26a表达水平与APACHE Ⅱ评分无相关性(r=0.067,0.347,0.133,0.111,P＞0.05);与RANSON评分无相关性(r =0.178,0.078,0.092,0.142,P＞0.05);与BISAP评分无相关性(r=0.103,0.260,0.216,0.285,P＞0.05).(4)预测因素分析:单因素Logistic回归分析发现RANSON评分、BISAP评分、miR-10b是影响PCD干预的因素(OR =4.170,5.612,2.500;95％可信区间:1.092 ～ 15.932,1.232 ～21.622,1.190 ～5.254,P＜0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析发现miR-10b是急性胰腺炎PCD干预的独立影响因素(OR=2.374,95％可信区间:1.115 ～5.056,P＜0.05).结论 miR-10b与miR-146a可能成为判断急性重症胰腺炎严重程度的预测指标;miR-10b可能成为急性胰腺炎是否行PCD干预的判定指标.     

Causes of death from the randomized CoreValve US Pivotal High-Risk Trial

Objective

Explore causes and timing of death from the CoreValve US Pivotal High-Risk Trial.