血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与2型糖尿病颈动脉硬化性病变的关系

目的 :探讨血管紧张素转换酶 (angiotensinconvertingenzyme ,ACE)基因多态性与 2型糖尿病合并颈动脉硬化性病变之间的关系。方法 :应用聚合酶链反应技术检测 176名 2型糖尿病患者ACE基因 16内含子插入 /缺失(insertion/deletion ,I/D)型多态性 ,利用B型超声检测糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化性病变的情况 ,通过Logistic多元回归分析 ,筛选 2型糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化性病变的危险因素。结果 :(1)糖尿病颈动脉硬化性病变组ACE基因DD型和D等位基因频率显著高于无颈动脉硬化性病变组 (DD基因型频率 :0 .5 0vs 0 .18;D等位基因频率 :0 .71vs0 .38;P <0 .0 1)。 (2 )Logistic回归分析显示 ,ACE基因DD型、年龄、合并高血压及男性是糖尿病颈动脉硬化性病变的危险因素 (OR分别为 3 .86 9,1.0 81,2 .44 7,2 .173,P <0 .0 5 )。 (3)在控制了年龄、性别、高血压后的危险性分层分析显示 ,ACE基因DD型是颈动脉硬化性病变的独立危险因素。结论 :ACE基因I/D多态性与 2型糖尿病颈动脉硬化性病变的发病相关 ,且其作用独立于年龄、性别及高血压病史     

成都地区汉族人群ACE基因多态性与血清ACE活性的相关性

为调查中国汉族人群血管紧张素转换酶(ACE) 基因多态性分布及与血清ACE(SA CE)活性的相关性.采用比色法和PCR技术,对90例健康汉族人群进行SACE活性和ACE基因插入/缺失(I/D)多态性的检测.结果显示:中国汉族人群ACE基因DD型占18%,DI型占44%,II 型占38%, D和I等位基因频率分别为0.40和0.60.ACE基因多态性与SACE活性密切相关,提示不同种族间ACE基因分布存在着差异,中国汉族人群ACE基因多态性以II型和I等位基因占优势;SACE活性受ACE基因I/D多态性的影响.     

血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与冠心病关系的研究

目的 :研究血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE)基因多态性与冠心病的关系。方法 :应用聚合酶链式反应 (PCR)检测ACE基因第 16内含子I/D多态性 ,并计算基因型和等位基因频率。结果 :在 5 1例冠心病组中ACE基因DD基因型和D等位基因频率分别是 35 %和 6 1% ,83例正常对照组中的ACE基因DD基因型和D等位基因频率分别是 16 %和 45 % ,两者相比具有显著性差异。结论 :ACE基因DD基因型可能是冠心病发生发展过程中重要的危险因素之一。     

Association Study of Parathyroid Hormone Gene Polymorphism and Bone Mineral Density in Japanese Postmenopausal Women

Association of BST B1 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) gene with bone mineral density (BMD) was examined in 383 healthy postmenopausal women in Japan who were unrelated. The RFLP was represented as B or b, the capital letter signifying the presence of and the small letter the absence of restriction site for BST B1. The frequency of each genotype—BB, Bb, and bb—was 82.5%, 16.7%, and 0.8%, respectively. When we statistically compared age, years after menopause, body height, and body weight between the BB genotype and the Bb genotype groups, there was no significant difference between the groups. However, the lumbar BMD and the score of BMD adjusted for age and body weight (Z score) were significantly lower in the group of genotype Bb than in the BB: 0.859 ± 0.019 g/cm² versus 0.925 ± 0.011 (mean ± SE, P= 0.01) and −0.412 ± 0.138 versus 0.067 ± 0.082 (mean ± SE, P= 0.01). In addition, the Z score of total body BMD in the Bb genotype group was lower than that in the BB group. Comparison of serum and urinary biochemical bone metabolic markers suggested that the subjects with Bb genotype might be in a relatively higher state of bone turnover than those with BB genotype. These results suggest that the polymorphism in the PTH gene would be a useful genetic marker for lower BMD and the susceptibility for osteoporosis. Received: 19 March 1998 / Accepted: 24 June 1998     

凉山彝族男性血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与高血压的关系

目的　探讨血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ） 基因多态性与高血压的关系。方法　应用横断面调查方法和ＰＣＲ 技术。结果　正常血压人群ＡＣＥ 基因ＤＤ、ＩＤ 和ＩＩ基因型分别占１３ ．０ ％ 、５０ ．９ ％ 和３６ ．１ ％ 。Ｉ和Ｄ等位基因频率分别是为６１ ．６ ％ 和３８ ．４ ％ 。高血压人群ＡＣＥ 基因ＤＤ、ＩＤ 和ＩＩ基因型分别占９ ．７ ％ 、４８ ．４ ％ 和４１ ．９ ％ 。Ｉ和Ｄ 等位基因频率分别是６６ ．１ ％ 和３３ ．９ ％ 。彝族男性高血压和正常血压人群的ＡＣＥ基因型分布及Ｉ／Ｄ 等位基因频率差异无显著性。结论　彝族男性ＡＣＥ 基因多态性与高血压的关联尚不能确定。     

Polymorphisms of the dopamine D4 receptor and response to antipsychotic drugs

The dopamine D₄ receptor may be a site through which the clinical effects of antipsychotic drugs are mediated. Polymorphisms of a 48 base pair repeat in the third exon of the DRD4 gene code for different length segments in the third intracytoplasmic loop of the D₄ receptor. The most common long (seven repeat) form of the D₄ receptor has been shown in both physiologic and pharmacologic experiments to respond differently to dopamine agonists and antagonists than do shorter forms of D₄. Thus, variants of D₄ may partly determine patient response to antipsychotic drugs and, in particular, response to typical neuroleptics, which have a relatively low affinity for the D₄ receptor, as compared to clozapine, which has a relatively high affinity for D₄. DRD4 polymorphisms in the third intron were characterized in 28 patients with chronic psychosis who responded well to typical neuroleptics, 32 patients who responded well to clozapine, and 57 healthy comparison subjects. Patients responding to typical neuroleptics carried the allele for the long (seven repeat) form of the D₄ receptor (allele frequency 8.9%) less frequently than patients responding to clozapine (allele frequency 23.4%, P = 0.046) or healthy comparison subjects (allele frequency 26.3%, P = 0.004). The results of this study suggest that inherited variants of D₄ may explain some of the interindividual variation seen in patient response to different classes of antipsychotic medication. Received: 10 October 1997/Final version: 20 May 1998     

中国汉族人群遗传性聋基因座位STR位点的遗传多态性研究

目的 研究中国汉族人群10个遗传性聋基因座位的短串连重复序列(STR)的遗传多态性。方法 应用PCR方法对10个位点进行扩增，变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离，记录基因型。采用PPAP软件计算正常人各STR位点等位片段频率、基因型频率、预期基因型频率、多态信息量(PIC)和Hardy-Weinberg平衡吻合性检验。结果 中国汉族人群D6S287、D8S1132、D13S1275、D15S130、D1S2726、D4S3038、D2S2380、D22S282、D14S1042、D7S529各位点分别检出10个、9个、8个、7个、7个、7个、6个、6个、6个及5个等位片段，多态性分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律。各位点PIC值分别为0．879、0．854、0．864、0．821、0．686、0．794、0．764、0．732、0．773、0．712；杂合度均高于0．7。结论 中国汉族人群10个位点STR均具有较高的杂合度和多态信息量，是较理想的遗传标记。     

Subjects with <Emphasis Type="Italic">TNF-A-857TT</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">-1031TT</Emphasis> genotypes showed the highest <Emphasis Type="Italic">Helicobacter pylori</Emphasis> seropositive rate compared with those with other genotypes

Background A possible association between Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) A G-308A has been reported in Korea. The present study examined the associations of H. pylori with functional polymorphisms, TNF-A G-308A, C-857T, and T-1031C, and TNF-B A252G in Japanese subjects.Methods The total of 1374 study subjects included 241 outpatients who participated in an H. pylori eradication program (HPE), 679 first-visit outpatients (FVO) at a regional cancer hospital, and 454 local residents who received a health checkup examination (HCE).Results The frequency of the TNF-A -308A allele was only 1.3% of 480 chromosomes in the HPE group, so the FVO and HCE groups were not genotyped for that polymorphism. The genotype frequency of TNF-A C-857T was 69.2% CC, 27.7% CT, and 3.1% TT; that of TNF-A T-1031C was 69.4% TT, 28.1% TC, and 2.5% CC; and that of TNF-B A252G was 36.8% AA, 48.2% AG, and 15.0% GG. TNF-A -857T was tightly linked to TNF-A -1031T and TNF-B 252A. No significant associations between H. pylori seropositivity and polymorphisms of TNF-A C-857T and TNF-B A252G were observed. However, a reduced odds ratio adjusted for sex, age, and recruitment source was observed for TNF-A -1031CC (0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.20–0.91) relative to TNF-A -1031TT. Subjects with TNF-A -857CC and -1031CC showed the lowest seropositivity (38.2% of 34 participants), while those with TNF-A -857TT and -1031TT showed the highest (66.7% of 42 participants).Conclusions This study suggests that the possibly high expression genotype of TNF-A may increase susceptibility to persistent H. pylori infection.     

AP-PCR和set1、set2两基因PCR用于志贺菌基因多态性研究

目的与方法 :　应用随机引物 PCR(简称 AP- PCR或 PAPD)和 set1、set2两基因 PCR方法分析了 71株F2 a志贺菌的基因多态性。　结果 :两种引物的 AP- PCR中 ,引物 12将 71株 F2 a志贺菌分为两种不同的基因型 ,引物 17和 set1、set2两基因 PCR将所有菌株分为四种不同的基因型 ,两种方法结合则可分为七种不同的基因型 ;其中 6 5株 F2 a志贺菌基因型相同 ,其余 6株各为独立的型别。本研究表明 AP- PCR和 set1、set2两基因 PCR为志贺菌基因多态性分析的有效手段 ,二者结合则更为完善 ;研究结果还表明 ,在我国南北不同地区不同时间分离到的无论是暴发株还是散发株 ,均具有相同的优势克隆。　结论 :上述菌株是引起国内菌痢散发和暴发的主要基因型 ,是流行病学研究和防治的重点     

应用DHPLC技术分析错配修复基因(hMLH1)T1151A多态与胃肠道肿瘤的遗传易感性

目的了解中国人hMLH1基因T1151A多态与胃肠道肿瘤的遗传易感性.方法采用病例对照研究设计,提取233例大肠癌(结,直肠癌)患者,273例胃癌患者和268例健康人外周血细胞的基因组DNA.PCR扩增hMLH1基因T1151A多态所在第12外显子的部分DNA片段(217 bp),变性高效液相色谱(DHPLC)检测,DNA测序验证,比较分析T1151A基因型在胃肠道肿瘤的分布.结果正常人群中T1151A多态T/A基因型频率为6.34%,其等位基因A频率为3.28%,在大肠癌患者和胃癌患者中T/A基因型频率与正常人群相比存在显著性差异,分别为11.6%(P=0.039)和12.1%(P=0.021),尤其在＜45岁的大肠癌患者和＜50岁的胃癌患者中,等位基因A频率与正常人群相比差异更为显著,分别为10.66%(P=0.002)和11.27%(P=0.001).结论T1151A作为中国人hMLH1基因上的一个多态位点,可能是中国人大肠癌和胃癌遗传易感因素,可作为中国人胃及大肠肿瘤、尤其是低龄胃及大肠肿瘤高危人群筛选的侯选指标.