直接前路与后外侧入路人工股骨头置换治疗老年移位性股骨颈骨折的临床疗效对比

目的比较直接前路与后外侧入路人工股骨头置换术治疗老年移位性股骨颈骨折的临床治疗效果。方法选取2013年6月至2015年6月我科诊治的老年单侧移位性股骨颈骨折患者73例,其中采用直接前路36例(直接前路组),后外侧入路37例(后外侧入路组),分析其手术用时、切口长短及愈合时间、手术出血及伤口引流量、下床时间及住院天数,术后3天、7天疼痛视觉评分(VAS),术前、术后1、3、6、9、12个月及末次随访时髋关节Harris评分,术后脱位发生率及其他并发症发生情况。采用欧洲生活质量评分(EQ-5D评分)评价末次随访时患者健康生活质量。结果患者均获得随访,随访时间12~17个月,平均13.6个月。直接前路组的手术用时、切口长度、术中出血量及术后引流量小于后外侧入路组(P0.05),两组下地行走时间、伤口愈合时间无统计学差异(P0.05);直接前路组术后3天、7天疼痛视觉评分优于后外侧入路组;术后1月、3月、6月直接前路组Harris评分高于对照组,术后9、12个月及末次随访时两组Harris评分基本接近。两组患者术后末次随访时健康生活质量无统计学差异(P0.05)。直接前路组1例患者出现伤口局部红肿,后外侧入路组1例患者出现假体脱位,1例出现切口周缘麻木,两组患者无肺栓塞、下肢静脉血栓形成并发症。结论直接前路和后外侧入路均能有利于髋关节运动功能的恢复,早期临床疗效较好。直接前路手术创伤小,出血少,假体脱位发生率低,术后早期疗效好等优势,但直接前路手术对术者的手术技术要求较高。     

胸骨旁“门式切口”的应用解剖学研究

目的:通过应用解剖学的方法对胸骨旁“门式切口”的可行性进行研究。方法:对10具尸体前胸壁深层结构的血供规律、胸廓内动脉的分支、走行特点进行观察,测量胸骨外侧缘与胸廓内动脉之间的距离。在此基础上,设计出含有复合组织瓣的胸骨旁“门式切口”,并对其可行性进行分析。结果:前胸壁深层各结构均由胸廓内动脉及其分支供血,胸廓内动脉距胸骨外侧缘的距离为1cm左右,紧挨胸骨外侧缘切开肋软骨,可以避免胸廓内动脉的损伤。根据这些特点,可于胸骨旁设计出数种“门式切口”。右侧胸骨旁“门式切口”对心脏右侧诸结构显露良好,对升主动脉也可以良好显露,可用来完成数种心脏手术。结论:胸骨旁“门式切口”是一种较为实用的手术切口,具有切口隐蔽、长度短、不需要强大牵引等优点,是一种可行的微创手术切口。     

Algorithmic treatment of Busch-Hoffa distal femur fractures: A technical note based on a modified Letenneur classification

Treatment of distal femur fractures in the coronal plane can be challenging. Depending on fracture line orientation, topography and associated comminution, decision-making regarding approach and fixation is not straightforward and can result in complications. Therefore, treatment of coronal plane distal femur fractures (Busch-Hoffa fractures) should be approached in a systematic manner, leading to efficient planning and operative execution. Here, we offer a proposed treatment algorithm, guiding treatment, approach and fixation based on the modified Letenneur classification of coronal plane distal femur fractures.     

Elongation of esophageal segments by bougienage stretching technique for long gap esophageal atresia to achieve delayed primary anastomosis by thoracotomy or thoracoscopic repair: A first experience from China

Objectives

The treatment of long gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) is one of the most challenging congenital malformations in neonatal surgery. A preoperative bougienage stretching technique for elongation of the two segments of esophagus is applied to achieve utilizing the native esophagus to establish esophageal continuity by open or thoracoscopic approach.

Novel reconstruction of the anterior craniocervical junction using an expandable cage with integrated fixation after total C2 spondylectomy for chordoma

Chordoma is a locally aggressive malignant tumor that generally occurs in the clivus, mobile spine and sacrum. While en bloc resection with wide margins has been advocated as the only cure for chordomas, tumor characteristics and violation of critical anatomical boundaries may preclude pursuing this treatment option in the cervical spine. We present a C2 chordoma in a 35-year-old man with epidural and prevertebral extension that was treated with a single stage anterior–posterior total C2 spondylectomy with novel reconstruction using an expandable cage with integrated fixation followed by stereotactic radiosurgery. Single stage intralesional total C2 spondylectomy via anterior transoral and posterior approaches was performed. The anterior column was reconstructed using an expandable cage with integrated fixation from the clivus to C3. The patient maintained his intact neurological status at 6 month follow-up with full resumption of activities of daily living without any significant morbidity.     

Mechanical thrombectomy for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis employing a novel combination of Angiojet and Penumbra ACE aspiration catheters: the Triaxial Angiojet technique

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) can be life threatening. A previously healthy woman in her early forties on oral contraceptives presented with global CVST and rapid clinical deterioration. A novel ‘Triaxial Angiojet technique’ (KSAW Shuttle [Cook Inc., Bloomington, IN, USA], 5 MAX ACE [Penumbra Inc., Alameda, CA, USA], and Angiojet [Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA]) was employed to gain access into the superior sagittal sinus. The 5 MAX ACE reperfusion catheter was shortened prior to placing a 4 Fr Angiojet catheter through it. This resulted in markedly improved recanalization with good anterograde flow. The patient was extubated on postoperative day 2 and discharged neurologically intact on postoperative day 10. We report the first case of placing an Angiojet catheter through a larger Penumbra reperfusion catheter when access through a tortuous sigmoid and transverse sinus could not be obtained with a 6 Fr support catheter.     

The association of posttraumatic stress disorder,complex posttraumatic stress disorder,and borderline personality disorder from a network analytical perspective

BackgroundPosttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Complex PTSD, and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) share etiological risk factors and an overlapping set of associated symptoms. Since the ICD-11 proposal for trauma-related disorders, the relationship of these disorders has to be clarified. A novel approach to psychopathology, network analysis, allows for a detailed analysis of comorbidity on symptom level.MethodsSymptoms were assessed in adult survivors of childhood abuse (N = 219) using the newly developed ICD-11 Trauma-Questionnaire and the SCID-II. The psychopathological network was analyzed using the network approach.ResultsPTSD and Complex PTSD symptoms were strongly connected within disorders and to a lesser degree between disorders. Symptoms of BPD were weakly connected to others. Re-experiencing and dissociation were the most central symptoms.ConclusionsMental disorders are no discrete entities, clear boundaries are unlikely to be found. The psychopathological network revealed central symptoms that might be important targets for specific first interventions.     

Presence of Pig IgG and IgM in Sera Samples From Baboons After an Orthotopic Liver Xenotransplantation

Introduction

The immunorejection in xenotransplantation has mostly been studied from the host's immune system activation point of view and there is very little information about the graft-vs-host reaction.