小檗碱调脂的研究进展

盐酸小檗碱（berberine）是从黄连中提取的一种天然的异喹啉类生物碱。小檗碱具有多种药理作用,包括抗病原微生物、抗炎、抗肿瘤、心脏保护、降血糖、调节脂质代谢以及免疫抑制等。近10年来,国内外学者对小檗碱调脂机制进行了广泛的研究。从调节血浆脂质合成、促进脂质分解等方面对小檗碱改善血脂机制加以综述,为其进一步开发和研究提供参考。     

PPARdelta and its activator PGI2 are reduced in diabetic embryopathy: involvement of PPARdelta activation in lipid metabolic and signalling pathways in rat embryo early organogenesis

Maternal diabetes significantly increases the risk of congenital malformations, and the mechanisms involved are not yet clarified. This study was designed to address peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta) involvement in diabetic embryopathy. We investigated the concentrations of PPARdelta and its endogenous agonist prostaglandin (PG)I(2), as well as the effect of PPARdelta activation on lipid metabolism and PGE(2) concentrations in embryos from control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats during early organogenesis. Embryos from diabetic rats showed decreased concentrations of PPARdelta and its endogenous agonist PGI(2) when compared with controls. In embryos from control rats, the addition of the PPARdelta activators (cPGI(2) and PGA(1)) increased embryonic phospholipid levels and de novo phospholipid synthesis studied using (14)C-acetate as a tracer. PGE(2) formed from arachidonate released from phospholipid stores was also up-regulated by PPARdelta activators. In embryos from diabetic rats, reduced phospholipid synthesis and PGE(2) content were observed, and clearly up-regulated by cPGI(2) additions to values similar to those found in control embryos. These data suggest that PPARdelta may play an important role in lipid metabolic and signalling pathways during embryo organogenesis, developmental pathways that are altered in embryos from diabetic rats, possibly as a result of a reduction in levels of PPARdelta and its endogenous activator PGI(2).     

基于PPARs靶标改善胰岛素抵抗的中药活性成分研究进展

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPARs)是一类与糖脂代谢、胰岛素敏感性有关的核转录因子,激活PPARs靶标可以治疗由胰岛素抵抗引起的2型糖尿病、肥胖、高血压等代谢性疾病。中药治疗胰岛素抵抗具有多层次且持久温和的优点,近年来有文献报道,多种中药活性成分被证明能够通过激活PPARs靶点改善胰岛素抵抗,引起国内外广泛关注。该文概述了胰岛素抵抗与PPARs的病理机制,总结了以PPARs为靶标改善胰岛素抵抗的中药活性成分,为开发中药新药提供一定参考。     

Dual therapy of rosiglitazone/pioglitazone with glimepiride on diabetic nephropathy in experimentally induced type 2 diabetes rats

Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the general population. It is estimated that diabetic nephropathy will eventually develop in about 40% of all patients with diabetes; therefore, prevention is critical for delaying the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease. Despite extensive efforts, medical advances are still not successful enough to prevent the progression of the disease. In the present study, we focused on the comparison of combination therapies a...