维吾尔族人群代谢性疾病与ApoEε2等位基因

目的探讨维吾尔族代谢性疾病与载脂蛋白Eε2等位基因(ApoEε2)的关系。方法收集2006年1月-2006年12月在新疆医科大学附属中医医院和宝科达医院健康体检的386名维吾尔族人,采集血液标本,检测血液生化指标以及ApoE基因型。结果新疆维吾尔族ApoEε2等位基因的携带率为31.9%(123/386);与非携带组比较,除了高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇升高外,ApoEε2等位基因携带组的其余指标均有下降趋势,其中收缩压、舒张压及低密度脂蛋白差异有统计学意义(P0.05);与非携带组比较,携带者代谢性疾病检出率降低,尤其是对高胆固醇血症和高血压影响较大,其中高血压检出率差异,P=0.058。结论ApoEε2等位基因携带者血脂水平及代谢性疾病的检出率降低,是代谢性疾病的保护因素。     

绞股蓝属植物及其混淆品乌蔹莓的PCR-RFLP鉴别研究

目的：寻找简便、可重复的分子标记方法对绞股蓝属Gynostemma植物及其混淆品乌蔹莓Cayratia japonica进行鉴别。方法：对7种常见药用绞股蓝属植物及其混淆品乌蔹莓的6个cpDNA片段进行PCR 扩增，再利用TaqⅠ，HpaⅡ，EcoRⅠ，RsaⅠ，HhaⅠ，HindⅢ等6种限制性内切酶分别对扩增片段进行消化。结果：36种DNA片段/内切酶组合中，trnK1f -trnK2r片段与RsaⅠ组合可将乌蔹莓从绞股蓝属植物中区分出来，产物清晰、结果稳定。结论：PCR-RFLP分析方法可有效区分常见绞股蓝属植物与其混淆品乌蔹莓。     

应用创造酶切位点PCR-RFLP检测乙醇脱氢酶2基因多态性

目的建立简便易行经济适用的乙醇脱氢酶2(ADH2)基因单核苷酸多态性检测方法。方法根据单碱基突变位点的碱基替代情况设计引物,其中一条引物根据突变位点邻近序列设计,人为引入错配碱基,使引物3′端和单碱基突变的一种突变型在PCR扩增后形成一个酶切位点,并应用相应内切酶进行酶切鉴定,通过PCR-RFLP技术判断ADH2基因SNP位点多态性。结果设计一对特异引物并PCR扩增含ADH2多态位点的DNA片段,使用限制性内切酶Bsh1236I酶切判断ADH2位点多态性,PCR和酶切效果均较好。结论应用创造酶切位点PCR-RFLP原理建立的ADH2多态位点检测方法具备简便、经济、快速的特点。     

基于trnL-trnF序列分析的何首乌PCR-RFLP分子鉴别

目的:建立何首乌(Fallopia multiflora)DNA分子鉴别技术。方法:对何首乌与其近缘种及其混淆品的trnL-trnF(trnL基因和trnF基因间隔区)序列进行比较分析。结果:何首乌与其近缘种及其混淆品的trnL-trnF差异率为2.1%～22%,何首乌种内各居群间trnL-trnF差异率为0%～1.5%。基于何首乌与其近缘种及其混淆品的trnL-trnF序列的差异,找出一个位于trnL5'-trnL3'间区的何首乌特征性Xba I酶切位点(T↓CTAGA),用Xba I酶对不同采集地的何首乌样品trnL-trnF序列扩增产物酶切后均得到含约804～819 bp和256 bp两个片段的PCR-RFLP图谱,而其混淆品trnL-trnF序列扩增产物因不能被Xba I酶切,图谱呈单一条带。结论:利用建立的PCR-RFLP方法可以很好地区分何首乌及其混淆品植物。     

Comparison of DNA fingerprinting by PFGE and PCR-RFLP of the coagulase gene to distinguish MRSA isolates

Staphylococcus aureus isolates were collected from epidemiologically unrelated clinical sources in Japan between 1991 and 1993. A total of 40 isolates, five each of eight coagulase types, were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the coagulase gene, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) after AluI digestion, and pulsedfield gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of chromosomal DNA after SmaI digestion. The efficiency of discrimination among the isolates increased in the order of PCR < PCR-RFLP < PFGE, yielding five, 13 and 31 different types, respectively. To assess the clinical use of these methods, 42 additional methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates collected from 27 inpatients in a hospital were analysed. PFGE and PCR-RFLP were able to discriminate 11 and four types, respectively. PFGE analysis detected cross-infection between four postoperative patients in an intensive-care unit, and in six neonates in intensive care. We conclude that of the three methods tested, PFGE analysis currently allows the most effective discrimination of MRSA strains.     

过氧化物增值激活受体γ2基因多态性对高血糖人群膳食干预效果的影响

目的 探讨过氧化物增值激活受体(PPAR)γ2基因多态性对高血糖人群膳食干预效果的影响.方法 在南京主城区筛选241位高血糖汉族居民,设立干预组(129人)和对照组(112人),干预组给予粗杂粮馒头同时进行健康教育,对照组只进行健康教育,6个月进行一次体检,干预期为1 a.结果 干预组体质指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、空腹血糖(FBG)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)比干预前降低(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)升高(P<0.05);干预组干预后BMI、WHR、FBG、TC、TG低于对照组(P<0.05),HDL-C高于对照组(P<0.05).无论Pro/Pro基因型还是Pro/Ala基因型人群,干预后体重、BMI、FBG、TC、TG均比干预前降低(P<0.05);Pro/Ala基因型人群体重、BMI、TG的下降幅度大于Pro/Pro型人群(P<0.05).结论 复合式膳食干预对高血糖人群具有良好的效果;Pro/Ala基因型人群干预效果好于Pro/Pro基因型人群.     

Molecular Detection and Identification of Theileria Species by PCR-RFLP Method in Sheep from Ahvaz,Southern Iran

Background

The present study was carried out to investigate the accurate status of ovine Theileria infection in sheep from Ahvaz and surrounding region, a tropical area southwest Iran.

Methods

A PCR-RFLP method based on 18S ribosomal RNA gene was designed which could detect and differentiate Theileria and Babesia spp. and also differentiate main Theileria species in sheep at the same time. 119 sheep blood samples were collected from Ahvaz and surroundings.

Results

Microscopic examination of blood smears revealed 69.7% (83/119) infection with Theileria spp. Of the total samples subjected to PCR, 89% (106/119) were found to be positive, all of which were identified as Theileria by RFLP analysis using enzyme Hind II. In enzymatic digestion of PCR products by Vsp I, 91.5% (97/106) of Theileria positive samples were identified as T. ovis while mixed Theileria infections were found in 9 samples. The samples with mixed infections were analyzed with an additional nested PCR-RFLP method, by HpaII enzyme digestion. 3 samples with T. lestoquardi infection, 1 sample with T. ovis and T. annulata, 1 sample with T. lestoquardi and T. annulata, and 4 samples with T. ovis, T. lestoquardi and T. annulata mixed infections were detected.

Conclusion

Ovine theileriosis caused by T. ovis is highly prevalent in southwest Iran while T. lestoquardi and T. annulata infection can be detected in a lesser propor-tion of sheep in this region. The new PCR-RFLP method that was designed in this study, can serve as a beneficial diagnostic tool, especially in T. ovis prevalent re-gions.     

Molecular and Parasitological Study of Cryptosporidium Isolates From Cattle in Ilam,West of Iran

Background

Cryptosporidiosis is one of the most important parasitic infections in human and animals. This study was designed for survey on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in farms of Ilam, west of Iran, using parasitology method and genotyping by Nested PCR-RFLP.

Methods

Fecal samples of 217 cattle were collected fresh and directly from the rectum of cattle. All of the samples were examined by microscopic observation after staining with modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN). Genomic DNA extracted by using EURx DNA kit. A Nested PCR-RFLP protocol amplifying 825 bp fragment of 18s rRNA gene conducted to differentiate species and genotyping of the isolates using SspI and VspI as restriction enzymes.

Results

The prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle using both methods is 3.68%. Most of the positive cattle were calves under six months. Species diagnosis carried out by digesting the secondary PCR product with SspI that C. parvum generated 3 visible bands of 448, 247 and 106 bp and digested by VspI restriction enzyme generated 2 visible bands of 628 and 104bp. In this investigation all of the positive samples were Cryptosporidium parvum.

Conclusion

C. parvum (bovine genotype) detected in all positive cattle samples in Ilam, west of Iran. The results of the present study can help for public health care systems to prevention and management of cryptosporidiosis in cattle and the assessment of cattle cryptosporidiosis as a reservoir for the human infection.     

Incidence of Giardia lamblia Subspecies by PCR-RFLP in Stool Specimens of Hospitalized Children at Urmia Mutahhari Hospital,West Azerbaijan Province,Iran

Background

Giardia lamblia is one of the most prevalent intestinal flagellate protozoa that infects a wide range of vertebrate hosts causing severe intestinal disorder in children.This study was performed to determine subspecies of G.lamblia by the PCR-RFLP method, targeting the glutamate dehydrogenase(gdh)locus, in hospitalized children at Urmia Mutahhari Hospital, West Azerbaijan Province,Iran and determining the infection transformational storages in this area.

Methods

Overall, 720 stool specimens were collected from the hospitalized children, 34 samples were positive and Giardia cysts were detected under the microscope. Cysts were partially purified by the sucrose density gradient method and then washed with sterile distilled water to remove effectively the PCR inhibitors. Genomic DNA of G. lamblia isolates was extracted by freeze-thaw cycles followed by phenol/ chloroform/isoamyl alcohol method. The single step PCR-RFLP assay was used to differentiate the assemblages between A and B, which were found in humans. In this method, 432 bp expected size was amplified, and then for detection of subspecies, specific restriction RsaI and BspLI enzymes were used.

Results

Totally 34 samples were positive in terms of Giardia cyst out of 720 examined samples microscopically, so the parasite spread rate is reported 4.72%. Analysis PCR-RFLP on these samples revealed that 28 samples (93.3%) have the genotype BIII and 2 samples (6.7%) belong to the subgroup BIV.

Conclusion

PCR-RFLP is a proper analytical method for determining the genotype among parasite types, using the glutamate dehydrogenizes zone’s genes. Based on the results, an animal origin of infection cycle is suggested.     

PCR-RFLP方法对江苏省110株产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌O157分型研究

摘要:目的 优化PCR-RFLP方法,对不同年份不同来源的志贺毒素大肠埃希菌（Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, STEC）O157进行分子流行病学探索。方法 应用多聚酶链反应(PCR)一限制性片段长度多态性(restriction fragment length Polymorphism,RFLP) 分析技术比较病人来源菌株的EcoRV 和BglI 2种酶酶切图谱,对江苏省110株STEC O157菌株进行分型分析和聚类分析。结果:BglI酶切图谱条带少,图谱清晰明确。110株STEC O157菌株呈现遗传多态性,可分为15个RFLP型别,其中优势型别在不同年份、不同来源标本中都能检出。结论 STEC O157的PCR-RFLP分型推荐用限制性内切酶BglI,江苏省分离的STEC O157菌株具有遗传多样性。