非对称二甲基精氨酸促进大鼠主动脉氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体表达

目的观察非对称二甲基精氨酸对大鼠主动脉氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体表达的影响,探讨其在动脉粥样硬化中的作用。方法健康成年Wistar大鼠34只随机分为四组:①对照组(n=7)正常饲料喂养,正常饮水。②高脂饲料组(n=9)用高脂饲料喂养,正常饮水。③非对称二甲基精氨酸(简称甲基精氨酸)组(n=9)用高脂饲料喂养,饮水中按体重加入非对称二甲基精氨酸[0.2 mg/(kg.d)]。④L精氨酸组(n=9)用高脂饲料喂养,饮水中按体重加入非对称二甲基精氨酸[0.2 mg/(kg.d)]和L精氨酸[12 mg/(kg.d)]。18周后麻醉大鼠,取主动脉,以RT-PCR和Western blotting检测主动脉氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体mRNA和蛋白表达。结果①甲基精氨酸组氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体mRNA表达量(1.608±0.114)较对照组(0.363±0.027)和高脂饲料组(0.480±0.065)增加(P均<0.001),L精氨酸组氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体mRNA表达量(0.902±0.037)较甲基精氨酸组降低(P<0.01);②甲基精氨酸组氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体蛋白表达量(0.662±0.063)较对照组(0.111±0.022)和高脂饲料组(0.251±0.004)增加(P均<0.001),L精氨酸组(0.364±0.117)较甲基精氨酸组氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体蛋白表达降低(P<0.05)。结论非对称二甲基精氨酸促进大鼠主动脉氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体基因和蛋白表达,可能与非对称二甲基精氨酸促进动脉粥样硬化有关。     

The clustering of other chronic inflammatory diseases in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study

BACKGROUND & AIMS: We aimed to discern the relative risk for several chronic inflammatory conditions in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease. METHODS: We used the population-based University of Manitoba IBD Database that includes longitudinal files on all patients from all health system contacts identified by International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification codes for visit diagnosis. From the provincial database we extracted a control cohort matching the IBD patients 10:1 by age, sex, and geography. We considered a potential comorbid disease to be present if the patient had 5 or more health system contacts for that diagnosis. The comorbid disease period prevalence was analyzed separately for patients with UC and Crohn's disease and a prevalence ratio was calculated comparing the IBD populations with the matched cohort. RESULTS: There were 8072 cases of IBD from 1984 to 2003, including UC (n = 3879) and Crohn's disease (n = 4193). There was a mean of approximately 16 person-years of coverage for both patients and control patients. Both UC and Crohn's disease patients had a significantly greater likelihood of having arthritis, asthma, bronchitis, psoriasis, and pericarditis than population controls. An increased risk for chronic renal disease and multiple sclerosis was noted in UC but not Crohn's disease patients. The most common nonintestinal comorbidities identified were arthritis and asthma. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of asthma as the most common comorbidity increased in Crohn's disease patients compared with the general population is novel. These may be diseases with common causes or complications of one disease that lead to the presentation with another. Studies such as this should encourage further research into the common triggers in the organ systems that lead to autoimmune diseases.     

Hyperuricemia and incident atrial fibrillation in a normotensive elderly population in Taiwan

Background and aimAtrial fibrillation (AF) is an important cardiovascular disease in the elderly. The association between hyperuricemia and AF is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prospective relationship between uric acid and development of AF in a nationally representative cohort of elderly people.Methods and resultsA total of 1485 elderly people (age ≥ 65 yrs) from the Elderly Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (1999–2000) were without AF on “electrocardiography” at baseline. Incident AF events (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, ICD-9-CM: 427.31) were identified using data from the National Health Insurance Dataset. Hyperuricemia was defined as levels of uric acid >7.0 mg/dL in men and 6.0 mg/dL in women. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between hyperuricemia and incident AF.The follow-up period was from 1999 to 2000 to 2008. During the follow-up period (median: 9.16 yrs), 90 AF events occurred (44 in men and 46 in women). Older age, elevated systolic blood pressure, being an ex-smoker, and high uric acid were positively associated with incident AF. Hyperuricemia was positively associated with incident AF in normotensive (age-adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 2.65 and 95% confidence intervals: 1.05–6.69), but not in (1.20:0.74–1.94) hypertensive individuals (systolic blood pressure ≥130 or diastolic blood pressure ≥85 or using hypertensive medicine). A significant association between hyperuricemia and AF (3.78; 1.24–11.59) remained after adjusting for other potential confounders among normotensive older persons.ConclusionHyperuricemia is associated with the development of AF in elderly people with normal blood pressure.     

Cysteine modified rare-earth up-converting nanoparticles for in vitro and in vivo bioimaging

Cysteine, as a small organic molecule and amino acid, is a basic building block for proteins and has special physiological functions in vivo. Cysteine has strong affinity for cells, which can be taken advantage for various applications. A new and facile surface modification method has been developed for rare-earth doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs) using cysteine. Compared with unmodified samples, the water-solubility and biocompatibility of the cysteine modified NaYF₄:Yb,Er and NaYF₄:Yb,Tm UCNs (termed as UCN-Er-Cys and UCN-Tm-Cys, respectively) have been significantly improved, while their particle size and emission properties did not change substantially. Due to the low cytotoxicity as revealed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, the cysteine modified UCNs were successfully applied to imaging of Hela cells in vitro and nude mouse in vivo. Most significant is that the method offers the advantages of ease of synthesis and handling as well as potentially low cost for biomedical emerging applications.     

竹叶石膏汤合清气化痰丸加减治疗急性加重期慢性阻塞性肺疾病分析

目的:分析竹叶石膏汤合清气化痰丸加减治疗急性加重期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,AECOPD)疗效。方法:以2017年1月-2019年1月收治的AECOPD患者80例,随机分为两组,各40例。对照组采用常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用竹叶石膏汤合清气化痰丸加减治疗。比较两组治疗前后肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(Forced Expiratory Volume,FEV1%)、第一秒用力呼气肺容积(Forced Expiratory Volume,FEV1)]、改良版英国医学研究委员会呼吸问卷(mMRC)、慢阻肺患者自我评估测试问卷(CAT)等评分变化以及疗效。结果:在FEV1%、FEV1等肺功能指标上,两组治疗前对比无统计学差异(P>0.05);而观察组治疗后均高于对照组,二者差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。在mMRC、CAT等评分上,两组治疗前差异对比无统计学意义(P>0.05);而观察组治疗后均低于对照组,二者差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。在治疗有效率上,对照组总体为82.5%(33/40),观察组总体为95.0%(38/40),二者差异对比存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:竹叶石膏汤合清气化痰丸加减治疗AECOPD的疗效确切,即可有效改善患者肺功能和临床症状,且利于其预后康复,因此值得应用推广。     

七氟醚可抑制氧化型低密度脂蛋白诱导巨噬细胞M1型极化

目的 探究七氟醚通过JAK3/STAT5信号通路对氧化型低密度脂蛋白(oxidized low-density lipoprotein,Ox-LDL)诱导巨噬细胞M1型极化的影响.方法 酶联免疫法检测细胞培养液上清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(inte...     

恩格列净通过调控AMPK/eNOS信号通路改善ox-LDL诱导的内皮祖细胞功能障碍

目的 研究恩格列净(EMP)对氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)诱导内皮祖细胞(EPCs)损伤的保护作用及机制。方法 通过密度梯度离心法提取、分离并培养小鼠骨髓来源的的EPCs。采用Dil标记乙酰化低密度脂蛋白(Dil-ac-LDL)联合FITC标记荆豆凝集素-1（FITC-UEA-1）双摄取法鉴定。将EPCs分为正常对照组,ox-LDL组以及ox-LDL联合不同浓度恩格列净实验组。CCK-8检测细胞活力,Transwell检测细胞迁移,FITC-Annexin V/PI检测细胞凋亡,ELISA检测细胞上清液中血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)、基质细胞衍生因子-1α(SDF-1α)含量;流式细胞术检测一氧化氮(NO)的合成情况。Western blot检测AMPK、p-AMPK、eNOS、p-eNOS的蛋白表达。结果 提取的EPCs诱导培养至第7天经鉴定为小鼠骨髓EPCs。与对照组比较,ox-LDL组细胞活力降低,迁移细胞减少,凋亡增加,VEGF、SDF-1α含量降低,NO合成减少（P＜0.05）;与ox-LDL组相比,不同浓度恩格列净组细胞活力有所提高,迁移细胞增多,凋亡减少,VEGF、SDF-1α含量升高,NO合成增加（P＜0.05）。ox-LDL处理可明显抑制AMPK及eNOS磷酸化（P＜0.05）,恩格列净处理可以改善AMPK及eNOS磷酸化水平（P＜0.05）,而AMPK抑制剂Compound C可使恩格列净改善EPCs功能活性的作用受到明显的抑制（P＜0.05）。结论 恩格列净可改善ox-LDL诱导的EPCs功能障碍,其机制与调控AMPK/eNOS信号通路有关