Olive oil stability under deep-frying conditions

The suitability of different commercial olive oil categories for domestic frying was investigated. Oil samples were taken every 3 h of frying and evaluated for free acidity, peroxide and p-anisidine values, specific extinction coefficients, oxidative stability, fatty acids, vitamin E, β-carotene and total phenols, until the total polar compounds achieved the maximum legal value (25%). All olive oils were fried during more time than the commercial vegetable oil blend taken for comparison (from 24 to 27 h, against 15 h). The extra-virgin Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) olive oil was characterized by reduced levels of oxidation and hydrolysis, and superior amounts of minor antioxidant compounds. The “olive oil” commercial category behaves similarly, but “Cobrançosa” olive oils performance was slightly worse, and clearly different between years, highlighting the importance of blending different cultivars. The vegetable oil, despite containing significantly higher amounts of vitamin E, was highly susceptible to oxidation under frying conditions when compared to all olive oils.     

橄榄油脂肪乳在大肠癌手术后肠外营养应用

目的 观察以橄榄油为基础脂肪乳的肠外营养对结直肠癌手术患者免疫功能、术后恢复的影响。方法 按前瞻、 随机、盲法、对照的原则,将 80 例结直肠癌腹部手术后重症患者按照随机数表法,随机分为对照组及研究组,两组均给 予规范肠外营养治疗,研究组用橄榄油为基础的脂肪乳（克凌诺,ClinOleic）,对照组用普通的中长链脂肪乳,比较两组 患者术后常见并发症的发生率、肛门排气时间、静脉营养时间、术后住院时间、C 反应蛋白水平,探究克凌诺对结直肠癌 患者手术后肠道功能恢复、免疫功能改善的影响,并探究其可能的机制。结果 两组患者一般情况无统计学差异;两组并发 症（咽喉疼痛、恶心呕吐、重新置胃肠减压管、切口感染、肺部感染、肠梗阻、吻合口漏）的发生率无统计学差异（χ 2 =4.512, P ＞ 0.05）;研究组患者免疫功能改善明显,C 反应蛋白在研究组下降（67.470±43.786）mg/L,下降程度显著高于对照组 （t=4.290,P ＜ 0.001）;研究组患者术后恢复加快,肛门排气时间、静脉营养时间、术后住院时间均短于对照组,差异有 统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。结论 橄榄油脂肪乳能明显改善结直肠癌手术患者免疫功能,促进患者术后胃肠道功能恢复,加 快患者康复。     

橄榄叶化学成分及药理作用研究概况

本文通过文献调研,对油橄榄叶的化学成分进行分类整理总结,并对其药理作用进行归纳综述,以期为该植物叶的进一步开发利用奠定基础。     

Assessment of ototoxicity of tea tree oil in a chinchilla animal model

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study is to examine the effects of tea tree oil on hearing function and cochlear morphology after intratympanic administration in a chinchilla animal model.MethodsNine chinchillas received intratympanic injection of 3% tea tree oil dissolved in olive oil in one ear, whereas the contralateral control ear received olive oil only. Outcome measures included auditory brainstem responses conducted before treatment and at 10 days and 30 days following the injection. Post-mortem cochlear morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy.ResultsAt 10 and 30 days following the injection, there was no significant change in auditory brain response thresholds at 8, 16, 20 or 25 kHz. Scanning electron microscopy imaging showed no damage to auditory hair cells.ConclusionTea tree oil (3%) does not appear to be ototoxic in a chinchilla animal model. Future preclinical and clinical studies are required to establish the effectiveness of TTO in treating otitis.     

静脉用脂肪乳剂的应用进展

20世纪60年代,以大豆油(SO)为基础的脂肪乳剂开始应用于临床.但最近研究表明,SO中过多的ω-6PUFA和少量的ω-3PUFA对机体免疫功能不利,并可影响脂质过氧化.为此,各种新型脂肪乳通过改变脂肪乳剂中多不饱和酸、单不饱和酸、饱和脂肪酸含量及来源,期望达到理想的ω-6/ω-3比值.以下就各种脂肪乳剂的营养、供能、...     

Exclusive olive oil consumption was favorably associated with metabolic indices and lifestyle factors in schoolchildren

Background and aimOlive oil consumption has been suggested to favorably impact children's health. The present study aimed to identify possible associations between exclusive olive oil consumption and metabolic indices and lifestyle factors.Methods and resultsCross-sectional, observational study. Population data derived from a health survey on a sample of 177 091 children aged 8–17 years. Olive oil consumption and dietary habits were evaluated using questionnaires (KIDMED index). Anthropometric and physical fitness measurements were obtained by trained investigators. Physical activity (PA) status, screen time and sleeping habits were assessed through self-completed questionnaires. Exclusive olive oil consumption decreased the odds of obesity and increased the odds of healthy cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) by 15% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75–0.95) and 13% (95% CI: 1.04–1.22), respectively, after adjusting for several covariates. Moreover, exclusive olive oil consumption was associated with increased odds of having sufficient dietary habits (average/optimal adherence to the Mediterranean Diet) by almost four times (95% CI: 3.65–4.45) and decreased odds of insufficient sleep (<8–9 h/d) and increased screen time (>2 h/d) by 20% (95% CI: 0.73–0.87) and 40% (95% CI: 0.48–0.72), respectively.ConclusionsExclusive olive oil consumption was associated with metabolic indices such as obesity and CRF and a healthy lifestyle profile. The exclusive consumption of olive oil as part of a balanced MD does seem to provide favorable health benefits and should be further promoted.     

UPLC-Q-Exactive四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱联用快速分析川党参的化学成分

目的采用UPLC-Q-Exactive四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱仪在正、负离子模式下分离鉴定川党参Codonopsis tangshen药材的化学成分。方法 Acquity UPLC BEH C_(18)色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)分离,以乙腈(A)-0.1%甲酸水溶液(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱采用正、负离子监测模式、全扫描及自动触发二级质谱扫描功能,对川党参药材的化学成分进行快速分离和鉴定。结果根据高分辨质谱数据从川党参50%甲醇提取物中共鉴定出36个化合物,包括生物碱类7个、苯丙素类7个、多炔类3个、己醇苷与己烯醇苷6个、有机酸类8个、氨基酸类3个、核苷类1个、倍半萜类1个;其中9个成分经与对照品比对而准确鉴定,19个成分在该植物中首次发现,1个成分为潜在的新化合物。结论该方法可快速分离鉴定川党参的化学成分,为其质量控制和药效物质基础研究提供理论依据。     

RP-HPLC测定不同来源油橄榄叶中的橄榄苦苷

目的采用HPLC法测定橄榄叶中橄榄苦苷的含量。方法采用SHIM-PACK VP-ODS色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(22:78),柱温30℃,流速1 ml.min-1,检测波长282 nm。结果橄榄苦苷的标准曲线为:Y=3.125×106X 179.37(r=0.9997,n=5),1~10μg线性关系良好,平均回收率98.7%,RSD=1.39%。四川达州栽培的不同品种不同生长年限的橄榄叶中橄榄苦苷的含量为1.86%~8.25%,一年生的橄榄叶中橄榄苦苷较两年生者高。结论所建方法稳定、可靠,可用于橄榄叶的质量控制。