橄榄降脂胶囊对高脂血症大鼠血脂及其肝脏高密度脂蛋白受体基因表达的影响

目的在基因水平上探讨中药橄榄降脂胶囊的降脂作用机制,为中药新药开发提供科学依据。方法将48只雄性SD大鼠根据血总胆固醇水平随机分为:正常组、模型组、血脂康组,及橄榄降脂胶囊低、中、高剂量组,每组各8只。正常组普通饲料喂养,其余各组予高脂饲料,自由饮水。模型组灌胃生理盐水,血脂康组灌胃血脂康胶囊0.09g/kg,橄榄降脂胶囊低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃橄榄降脂胶囊0.675g/kg、1.35g/kg、2.7g/kg。1次/d,连续给药6周。采用酶法检测大鼠血清TC、TG;采用磷钨酸-镁沉淀法检测HDL-c、LDL-c,RT-PCR法测定高脂血症大鼠肝脏高密度脂蛋白受体基因表达。结果模型组大鼠血清胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均显著高于正常组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著低于正常组(P<0.05)。模型组大鼠肝SR-B1mRNA表达降低,与正常组比较P<0.05。经橄榄降脂胶囊治疗后肝SR-B1mRNA表达升高与模型组比较P<0.05,与正常组P>0.05。结论橄榄降脂胶囊可调节脂质代谢紊乱、治疗高脂血症,其作用机理可能与上调肝SR-B1mRNA表达水平有关。     

Olive oil based nutrition in multiple trauma patients: a pilot study

Objective A negative effect of hyperglycemia on clinical outcome has been proposed for patients treated under intensive care conditions. So far, however, the safety and effect of fat based nutrition regimen, especially of olive oil based emulsions, have not been systematically studied.Design and setting Prospective, open-labeled, randomized, pilot study in a 14-bed surgical intensive care unit.Patients and interventions Thirty-three consecutive, severe multiple trauma patients (injury severity score 31.6±11.5) were included; 18 (L group) received a parenteral lipid-based nutrition; 15 (G group) were given a standard parenteral glucose-based nutrition.Measurements and results The energy expenditure (EE) showed no difference between groups and no significant difference between the energy intake/EE ratio. The daily mean energy intake was lower in the L group (17.9±6.3 kcal/kg) than in the G group (22.3±4.2 kcal/kg). Triglycerides and nitrogen balance showed no significant differences between groups. The L group had significantly lower blood glucose (L 7.4±1.6, G 8.7±1.6 mmol/l), carbon dioxide production, and minute volume and shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (L 13.0±8.9, G 20.4±7.0 days), and stay in the ICU (L 17.9±11.2, G 25.1±7.0 days).Conclusions Our findings suggest a good tolerance, a decrease in blood glucose, clinically relevant shortening of ICU stay, and shorter time on mechanical ventilation for patients treated with olive oil based than with conventional glucose-heavy nutrition.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at: This study was funded by the German Berufsgenossenschaften (Employers Liability Insurance Association) and Baxter Deutschland GmbH.     

杜仲叶中杜仲醇含量的季节变化研究

目的：考察杜仲叶中杜仲醇含量在不同季节的动态变化,为确定杜仲叶的最佳采收期提供理论依据。方法：采用高效液相色谱法对同一种植区域,不同采收期的杜仲叶中杜仲醇的含量进行测定,并采用方差分析方法对结果进行分析。结果：在1%显著水平上,不同采收期杜仲叶中杜仲醇的含量存在极显著差异。结论：杜仲叶中杜仲醇的含量在9月中旬最高（1.450%）,5月最低（0.173%）,以杜仲醇为指标的杜仲叶最佳采收期应为9月中旬前后。     

Inverse association between serum phospholipid oleic acid and insulin resistance in subjects with primary dyslipidaemia

Background & aims

Data on intake of oleic acid (OA) and insulin resistance (IR) are inconsistent. We investigated whether OA in serum phosphatidylcholine relates to surrogate measures of IR in dyslipidaemic subjects from a Mediterranean population.

Methods

Cross-sectional study of 361 non-diabetic subjects (205 men, 156 women; mean age 44 and 46 y, respectively; BMI 25.7 kg/m²). IR was diagnosed by BMI and HOMA values using published criteria validated against the euglycemic clamp. Alternatively, IR was defined by the 75th percentile of HOMA-IR of our study population. The fatty acid composition of serum phosphatidylcholine was determined by gas-chromatography.

Results

The mean (±SD) proportion of OA was 11.7 ± 2.0%. Ninety-two subjects (25.5%) had IR. By adjusted logistic regression, including the proportions of other fatty acids known to relate to IR, the odds ratios (OR) (95% confidence intervals) for IR were 0.75 (0.62–0.92) for 1% increase in OA and 0.84 (0.71–0.99) for 1% increase in linoleic acid. Other fatty acids were unrelated to IR. When using the alternate definition of IR, OA remained a significant predictor (0.80 [0.65–0.99]).

Conclusions

Higher phospholipid proportions of OA relate to less IR, suggesting an added benefit of increasing olive oil intake within the Mediterranean diet.     

橄榄油对大鼠去势后骨代谢指标及骨密度的影响

目的:观察橄榄油对去势后大鼠骨代谢和骨密度的影响,探讨并分析橄榄油防治绝经后骨质疏松症(PMOP)的有效性及机理。方法:将30只5～6个月龄清洁型SD雌性大鼠进行随机分成四组:①假手术组(Sham组)、②去卵巢组(OVX组)、③去卵巢+橄榄油组(OVX+Olive)、④去卵巢+雌激素组(OVX+E)。治疗组用药:(OVX+Olive)组及(OVX+E)组均采用经口灌胃方式进行用药,按1 ml/100 g体重,1次/天灌胃,连续12周。12周后分别左心室取血,检测血中雌二醇(E2)、血钙、血碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、白介素-6(IL-6)水平,放血处死后取出腰椎及左侧股骨行双能X线骨密度(DEXA)测定。结果:OVX组中血E2明显低于Sham组和治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01、P<0.05),ALP、IL-6值显著高于其余三组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组中E2、ALP、IL-6与Sham组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);四组中血钙值差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。去势橄榄油组与雌激素组骨密度平均值均较OVX组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但该两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:橄榄油能有效地减轻大鼠卵巢切除术引起的骨质丢失,可能通过补充植物雌激素发挥拟雌激素样作用。